AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb. RyjvB 2013

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1 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb RyjvB 2013

2 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb AvPiY cwiez bi bkkv ˆZixi KvwiKzjvgwU ˆZix K i Qb CORE Group Social and Behavioral Change Working Group Ges Zvici Food Security and Nutrition Network Social and Behavioral Change Task Force Gi m`m iv GwU K wewfbœ m± ii Rb cwiez b I cwigvr b K i Qb United States Agency for International Development (USAID) Gi gva g Av gwikvb jvk `i AK cy mn hvwmzv Ges Ae`v bi Kvi b The Technical and Operational Performance Support (TOPS) Program wu Kiv m e n q Q GB KvwiKzjv gi jl Kiv GB cöwkÿ Yi welqe Íy wj wbe vpb K i Qb Ges e Z, G wj h USAID ev United States Government Gi ` wóf½x KB cöwzdwjz K i Zv bq mvivsk: Qq w` bi GB KvwiKzjvgwU hv gvv ch v q cixÿv Kiv n q Q, GwU K ˆZiv Kiv n q Q KwgDwbwU Dbœqb e e vck, cökí cwikíbvkvix Ges AvPiY cwiez b Kg KZ v `i GKwU ev ÍweK AvPiY cwiez bi KvVv gvi cö qvrb c~iy Kivi Rb Ges GwU Zv `i K m eÿ v P Kvh Kifv e cwikíbv Zix Ki Z mvnvh Ki e GB KvwiKyjvgwU g~jz biqv n q Q Academy of Educational Development s BEHAVE tool _ K Ges CORE Group Social and Behavioral Change Working Group GwU K GKwU DcKiY wnmv e Ges wkï ^v KvwiKzjvg wnmv e DbœxZ K i Qb; Ges GwU K Av ivi Dc hvmx Kiv n q Q, nvjbvmv` Kiv n q Q Ges e vckfv e gvv ch v q cixÿv Kiv n q Q hv Z Lv` wbivcëvi gvv ch v qiv Kg xiv Gi g a Av ivi KBm vww, Mí Ges D`vniY, wba vikmg~n I g~j welq wji wel q Av ivi cwi vi aviyv; evav we køly (GKwU `ªæZ d g wuf M elyv); d g wuf M elyv e envi K i GKwU Aa w` bi gvv ch v qi KvR; AvPiY cwiez bi Dchy³ Kvh µg wj wbe vp bi wb Ï kbv Ges Av ivi A bk wkqz hvm Ki Z cv ib 1

3 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb e envi Kivi Rb bx œi D wzwu mycvwik Kiv nj: Food Security and Nutrition Network Social and Behavioral Change Task Force Designing for Behavior Change For Agriculture, Natural Resource Management, Health and Nutrition. Washington, DC: Technical and Operational Performance Support (TOPS) Program. cö Q` Qwe: Dc i evg w` Ki Qwe, gvslv b: Food for the Hungry Dc ii Wvb w` Ki Qwe: Pinky Patel, CORE Group bx Pi Wvb w` Ki: CARE bx Pi evg w` Ki: Miguel E. Batz, Courtesy of Photoshare TOPS ProgramwU USAID s Office of Food for Peace (FFP) Gi A_ vq b DbœZ Lv` wbivcëv Ges cywói PP vi wel q cvi úwik mn hvwmzv, byzb wkqz D veb Ges Ávb wewbgq BZ vw` K DrmvwnZ Kivi gva g FFP Abỳ vbmönykvix `i `ÿzv K kw³kvjx K i hv Q hv Z Zviv DbœZgv bi Ges Kvh Ki L v` mvnvh w` Z cv ib Food Security and Nutrition (FSN) Network Øviv M wnz Kvh µg wj K TOPS mn hvwmzv K i FSN Network wu nj Lv` wbivcëv Ges cywó ev ÍevqbKvix `i Rb GKwU Db y³ ÔKwgDwbwU cö vkwumõ Gi vb hv Z _ i Av`vb cö`vb, G RÛv wbiæcb, A_ `vzv `i AMÖvwaKvi K cöfvwez Kiv, m vebvgq PP v wji wel q HK g Z cšqv bv Ges UKwbK vj Ávb wj K Qwo q `Iqv BZ vw` KvR Ki Z AvMÖnx Technical and Operational Performance Support Program 2000 L Street NW Washington DC Emai: the.tops.program@gmail.com URL: 2

4 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb m~pxcî K ZÁZv ^xkvi ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRENYMS. 8-9 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv Zixi KvwiKzjvg Ges Kg kvjvi cwiwpwz KvwiKzjvg I IfviwfD Kg kvjvwui IfviwfD AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv Zixi Kg kvjvi cwikíbv ïiæ Kiv cwikíbvi PKwj cöwkÿ Yi Rb h DcKiY wj wcö U Ki Z n e m wji ZvwjKv Kg kvjvi mgqm~pxi bgybv KvR Abyhvqx wi mv m/dckiy wji ZvwjKv wkÿvi cö qvrbxqz I m ú` hvpvb Kg kvjvi cö_g w`b KvR-1: D Øvabx Awa ekb KvR-2: AvPiY cwiez b cwiwpwz: Avgv `i f~wgkv I cwikwíz cwiez bi cöwµqv KvR-3: AvPiY cwiez b KvVv gvi ch v jvpbv KvR-4: ev Íevqb hvm I Kvh Ki AvPiY wbe vpb I msávwqz Kiv avc 1, 2 I 3 (weiwz mn) cö_g w` bi g~j vqb

5 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb Kg kvjvi wøzxq w`b ch v jvpbv Kivi Abykxjbx: Mvb ˆZix Kiæb! KvR-4: ev Íevqb hvm I Kvh Ki AvPiY wbe vpb I msávwqz Kiv avc 4 I KvR-5: AMÖvwaKvi `j Ges cöfvek `j wj (weiwz mn) KvR-6: Avgv `i DBC KvVv gv wj 1g Ask: AvPiY Ges AMÖvwaKvi `j K ey bv Kiv... KvR-7: h wba vik wj AvPiY K cöfvwez K i m wji msáv wba viy Kiv (weiwz mn) wøzxq w` bi g~j vqb Kg kvjvi Z Zxq w`b ch v jvpbv Kivi Abykxjbx: gvov bv ej Lvjv KvR-8: Ôkixi PP võ Abykxjbx KvR-9: g~j wba vik wj K Lyu R ei Kivi Rb d g wuf M elyv cwipvjbv Kiv: evav we køly Ges Ôhviv K iõ Ôhviv K i bvõ vww (`ycy ii Avnv ii cii Pj e) KvR-10: cö ÍywZ Ges nv Z Kj g Kiv: di gwuf M elyv cwipvjbv Kiv Z Zxq w` bi g~j vqb Kg kvjvi PZz _ w`b gvv ch v qi KvR (1 N Uv hvzvqv Zi Rb mgq mn) KvR-11: WvUv mskjb I we køly KvR-12: Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj K jlv PZz _ w` bi g~j vqb

6 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb Kg kvjvi câg w`b ch v jvpbv Kivi Abykxjbx: Mv bi Zv j Zv j Pqvi e`j KvR-13: আম দর DBC ক ঠ ম অ শ - ২: নধ রmg~n র Ges Kvh µ gi ms hvm vckmg~n K wpwýz Kiv KvR-14: cök íi Kvh µg wj wbe vpb Kiv KvR-15: wba vik wji mv _ evz v wj wgjv bv KvvR-16: AvPiY cwiez b KŠkj gwbuwis Kiv KvR-17: Avgv `i DBC KvVv gv Ask-3: Kvh µg wj cwikíbv Kiv câg w` bi gyj vqb Kg kvjvi lô w`b KvR-18: PzovšÍ wdw&e vk wj Avgv `i DBC KvVv gvi mv _ GKwÎKiY Kiv KvR 19: cökí KŠkj ev Ívevqb cwikíbv ˆZix Kiv (Hw QK) KvR 20: mgvcbx Awa ekb I mgvwß cwiwkómg~n cwiwkó 1: cwikwíz cwiez b Ljvi cöwµqv cwiwkó 2: g~j cwifvlv cwiwkó 3: DËicÎ

7 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb K ZÁZv ^xkvi TOPS K ZÁZv cökvk Ki Qb Linda Morales (lead Consultant), Tom Davis (Food for the hungry), Mary DeCoster (Food for the hungry), Bonnie Kittle (Consultant) Avi Judiann McNulty (Consultant) Gi Kv Q hviv GB KvwiKzjvg Gi wewfbœ ms iy ah mnkv i ch v jvpbv K i Qb, নত bzzb Abykxjb ˆZix Z Zv `i m RbkxjZv K Ges wewfbœ wefv Mi byzb byzb D`vniY wj Dc hvmx K i Zvjvi ÿ Î Zv `i Ávb I `ÿzv K e envi K i Qb we kl ab ev` RvbvB Bonnie Kittle (civgk `vzv) K whwb GB KvwiKzjvgwU eyiæwû, Bw_Iwcqv I bvbrvi G gvvch v q cixÿv K i Qb TOPS Mfxifv e K ZÁ Rachel Elronn (civgk `vzv) GK Kv Q, whwb AZ ší PgrKvifv e GwU m úv`bv K i Qb Ges Natalie Neumann (CORE Group) Gi Kv Q whwb whwb m~ÿ fv e MÖvwd wj ch eÿb K i Qb wb œvwjwlz e w³em Zv `i g~j evb gzvgz I wewfbœ D`vniY w` q GB bzzb ms iywu m úv`b Kivi Kv R mn hvwmzv K i Qb: Mary Helen Carruth (Medical Teams International), Sam Gaff (Food for the Hungry), Lauren Erichson-Mamane (Peace Corps/Benis), Lenette Golding (CARE International), Frederich Grant (Land OLakes Inc.), Ruth Harvey (Consultant), Marjolein Moreaux (Consultant), Jennifer Neilsen (Helen Keller International), Beth Outterson (Save the children), Alexandra Rutishausur-Perera (International Medical Carps), Ira Stollak (Consultant), Nancy TenBroek (Christian Reformed World Relief Committee) আর Carolyn Wetzel (Food for the hungry) we kl ab ev` w`b CORE Group Social and Behavior Change (SBC) Gi Working Group Ges Technical Advisory Group K hviv bzzb bzzb Abykxjb D veb Kivi ÿ Î, ez gvb Uzj&m wj K Av ivi Dc hvmx I DbœZ Kivi ÿ Î Ges KvwiKzjvgwUi 2008 mv ji ms iywui gvv ch v qi D`vniY wj Av jvpbv Kivi ÿ Î AvšÍwiKZv I m RbkxjZvi cwipq w` q Qb ২০০৮ mv ji ms iywui YMZ gvb wbwðzki Y wb œvwjwlz e w³my Zv `i mgq I AwfÁZv w` q mnvqzv K i Qb: Linda Morales (Consultant) Ges SBC Working Group co-chairs Will Story (Christian Reformed World Relief Committee) Ges Bonnie Kittle (Project Hope) GQvovI, AZ ší D`vifv e wewfbœ BbcyU w ` q mvnvh K i Qb - Ashley Aakessen (Children s Nutrition Program of Haiti), Tom Davis (Food for the Hungry), Ann Jinerson (AED), Michelle Kouletio (concern World Wide), Wlli Leontsini (Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health), Judiann McNulty (Consultant), Kati Moseley (Mercy Corps), Houkje Ross (CORE Group), Julia Rosenbaum (AED), Eric Swedburg (Save the children) ), Nancy Ten Brock (Christian Reformed World Relief Committee), Laban Tsuma (PLAN International USA), Lynette Walker (CORE Group), Monica Woldt (AED/ Food and Nutrition Technical 6

8 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb Assistance Project) Ges Jennifer Yourkavitch (Macro International/ Child Survival Technical Support Plus Project) Petra Rohr-Rouendaal Gi iwpz Where There is No Artist: Development drawings and how to use them Practical ActionPublishing, second adition, September 2007 _ K wkqz wpî biqv n q Q ebwui jlk wpî wj K webvgy j wkÿv`v bi D Ï k e envi Kivi kz mv c ÿ webvgy j e env ii AbygwZ w` q Qb Ab vb wpî wj gvb µvmdu Awdm Gi iqvjwu wd«wk cavu _ K biqv n q Q we kl K ZÁZv ^xkvi KiwQ AED Gi Kv Q hviv BEHAVE KvVv gv, Ôkixi PP võ Abykxjbx Ges Ôhviv K iõ/ôhviv K i bvõ Uzj &m wj Ges AmsL I q vkkxu Zix K i Qb h wj g ~jz GB KvwiKzjvgwUi wfwë g~j cöwkÿy KvwiK yjvgwu Zix I cixÿv Kivi ÿ Î AED Gi mv _ CORE Group hfv e wbweo mn hvmx wnmv e KvR K i Qb, TOPS Gi Kv Q Zv AZ ší g~j evb Ôevav we kœlyõ (Barrier Analysis) c wzwu Zix Kivi Rb Tom Davis (Food for the hungry) K we kl ab ev` RvbvB USAID এর gva g wkqz Av gwikvb bvmwi Ki D`vi mvnvh mn hvwmzvi d j GB cöwkÿy KvwiKzjvg Zix Kiv m e n q Q GB KvwiKzjvgwUi welqe i `vq`vwqz TOPS Gi Ges e e vcbv K i Qb Save the Children, GB KvwiKzjvgwU h USAID ev United States Government Gi ` wóf½xib cöwzdjb Zv bq Ae k l, SBC cövmövg K mvov we k DbœZ Kivi Rb hviv GB iæz c~ Y DcKiYwUi Dbœq b Ae`vb i L Qb TOPS AvšÍwiKfv e Zv `i cö Z K K ab ev` Rvbvq 7

9 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRENYMS AIDS ANC ANR ANRM BC BCA BCC CGV DBC EBF ENA FGD HIV IEC IPM IPTT ITN KPC LNRA LQAS M&E Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Antenatal Care Agriculture And Natural Resources Agriculture And Natural Resource Management Behavior Change Behavior -Centered Approaches Behavior Change Communication Care Group Volunteer Designing For Behavior Change Exclusive Breast Feeding Essential Nutrition Actions Focus Group Discussion Human Immunodeficiency Virus Information, Education And Communication Integrated Pest Management Indicator Performance Tracking Table Insecticide-Treated Bed Net Knowledge, Practices And Coverage Learning Needs And Resources Assessment Lot Quality Assurance Sampling Monitoring And Evaluation 8

10 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb MCH MCHN NGO NRM OFSP OR ORS PDI PLA PVO SBC TIPS TOPS U.S. USAID Maternal And Child Health Maternal And Child Health And Nutrition Nongovernmental Organization Natural Resource Management Orange-Fleshed Sweet Potatoes Odds Ratio Oral Rehydration Solution Positive Deviance Inquiry Participatory Learning And Action Private Voluntary Organization Social And Behavior Change Trials Of Improved Practices Technical And Operational Performance Support Program United States U.S. Agency For International Development 9

11 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv Zixi KvwiKzjvg Ges Kg kvjvi cwiwpwz 10

12 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb KvwiKzjvg I IfviwfD Private Voluntary Organizations (PVOs) Ges cvu bv iiv hv Z CORE group Gi mv _ BEHAVE Kg kvjvwu Kivi ci GwU K mvov we k i Av ivi A bk ` k Ges A j Qwo q w` Z cv ib mbrb gvv ch v q cixwÿz Qq w` bi GB KvwiKzjvgwU Zv `i mvnvh Ki e GB KvwiKziv gi g a, mn R e envi hvm cöwkÿ Y wb Ï kbvmn KZK wj n vûavdu Ges mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i Rb DcKiY hvm Kiv n q Q AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv Zixi (DBC) KvwiKzjvgwU, KwgDwbwU Dbœqb e e vck Ges cwikíbvkvix `i GKwU ev ÍweK AvPiY cwiez bi KvVv gvi cö qvrb c~iy Kivi Rb Zix Kiv n q Q hv Zv `i K m eÿ v P Kvh Kifv e cwikíbv Zix Ki Z KŠkjMZ mvnvh `vb Ki e GB KvwiKyjvgwU g~jz Zix Kiv n q Q g~j BEHAVE framework Gi Dci wfwë K i Ges AED GUv K Av ivi DbœZ K i Q Ges CORE Group s Social and Behavior Change (SBC) Working Group Ges Food Security and Nutrition Network SBC Task Force GwU K Av ivi m úªmvwiz K i Q GB KvwiKzjvgwU AskMÖnYKvix `i DBC KvVv gv K Kvh ÿ Î cö qvm Kivi cöwkÿy `q hv Z cövmövg wj K DbœZ Kiv hvq mswÿß BwZnvm: PvBì mvifvbfvj cövmªv gi ga w` q KwgDwbwU Dbœq bi Rb AvPiYMZ KŠkj (&Behavioral Approach) Gi hvîv ïiæ KvwiKzjv gi GB 2012 mv ji ms iywu ÔApplying the BEHAVE framework (2004) Ges Designing for Behavior Change (2008) Gi nvjbvmv` iæc Core Group s SBC Working Group Ges AED/CHANGE Project Gi g a `x N m ú Ki m~î a i 2008 mv ji ms iywui Avwe fve N UwQj 2000 mv j, SBC Working Group Uzj&m wj K wpwýz Kivi Rb Ges K vcvwmwu wewìs qi my hvm `v bi Rb KvR K i Q hv Z PVO Kgx iv Zv `i cövmvg cwikíbvq me P q DbœZ AvPiYMZ weávbwu AšÍ f~³ Ki Z mg_ nq AED s BEHAVE Framework wu nj me P q `ikvix Ges e vck we ÍvwiZ Uzj&m wji g a GKwU Core group Gi evrmwik mfv wj Z AvPiY cwiez bi (BC) wewfbœ Dcv`vb wji Dci KZK wj mswÿß mkb cwipvjbv Kivi Rb SBC Working Group Ges AED/CHANGE Project GB `ywu GKmv _ n q GKwU `j MVb K iwqj Core Group member `i mv _ we ÍvwiZ BEHAVE cöwkÿy ïiæ nq 2002 mv j Zvic ii KZK wj eq i, SBC Working Group Ges AED/CHANGE Project, PvBì mvifvbfvj Ges ^v cövmv gi gvv ch v qi Kgx `i Ges g~j Awd mi Kg x `i Rb GB 11

13 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb Kg kvjvwu cwipvjbv I DbœZ Kivi Rb GKmv _ KvR Kij hv Z Zviv Zv `i K KŠkjMZfv e AvPiY cwiez bi KŠkj ˆZix Kivi wel q mvnvh Ki Z cv i K v ^wwqv, `wÿy AvwdªKv Ges IqvwksUb ww.wm. Z 24 wu ` ki AskMÖnYKvix `i Rb AvÂwjK Kg kvjvi e e v Kiv nq 2006 mv j, SBC Working Group cöwkÿ Yi AwfÁZv wj ch v jvpbv Kivi cöwµqv ïiæ Kij Ges KvwiKzjvgwU nvjbvmv` Kij 2008 mv j, GKwU bzzb ms iy bkkv Kiv nj hvi g a hvm Kiv nj Av ivi KBm vww, Mí Ges D`vniY, wba vikmg~n I Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wji g a cv_ K i wel q Av ivi cwi vi aviyv; evav we køly KŠkj; d g wuf M elyv e envi K i GKwU Aa w` bi gvv ch v qi KvR; AvPiY cwiez bi Dchy³ Kvh µg wj wbe vp bi wb Ï kbv Ges Av ivi A bk wkqz hvm Kiv nj gvwj I BD.Gm.G Z AvÂwjK Kg kvjv Kivi ci Ges Av ivi KZK wj `kwfwëk Kg kvjv Kivi ci GB KvwiKzjvgwU K Av ivi DbœZ Kiv nj GB 2013 mv ji ms iywu bkkv Kiv n q Q Title II ch v qi e e vck I cwikíbvkvix `i cª qvrb wguv bvi Rb hviv Zv `i cövmöv g c wzwu cª qvm Ki Z PvB Z cv ib Kg kvjvwui IfviwfD GB KvwiKzjv g ewy Z Qqw` bi GB Kg kvjvwu gvv ch v qi Kgx `i Ges e e vck `i `ÿzv e w K i Ges Zv `i Rb wewfbœ Uzj&m `q hv Z Zviv mgvr Dbœq bi cövmövg wj bkkv Kivi mgq GKwU AvPiYMZ KŠkj cö qvm Ki Z cv ib GB Kg kvjvi jÿ mg~n nj: PVC Kg x `i K vcvwmwu MVb Kiv hv Z Zviv BC KŠkj wj cwikíbv Ki Z cv ib, ev Íevqb Ki Z cv ib Ges Gi Kvh KvwiZv wj gwbui I g~j vqb Ki Z cv ib BC K cöfvwez K i Ggb Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj wpwýz Kivi Rb cª qvrbxq Uzj&m wji mv _ cwipq Kwi q `Iqv hv Z GB Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj K D Ïk K i KvR Kivi gz m ve mÿgzv Av Q wkbv muvi Dci wfwë K i BC Kvh µg wj K wbe vpb Kiv nq Ges hv Z me P q Kg mg qi g a `xn gqvw` Ges UKmB AvPiY cwiez b N U BC KŠkj cwikíbv Kivi ÿ Î ^v Q ` eva e w Kiv eq wkÿvi wkÿv_ x- K `ªxK c wzwu wkfv e e envi Ki Z nq Zv cö`k b K i `Lv bv hv Z AskMÖnYKvixiv eys Z cv ib Kg kvjvi Dchy³ mkkb wj wkfv e ûeyû cwipvjbv Ki Z n e 12

14 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb GB Kg kvjvi k l AskMÖnYKvixiv: DBC KvVv gvi wewfbœ Dcv`vb wj we køly Ki eb Ges ev Íe WvUv ev bgybv e envi K i Gi cöwzwu Dcv`vb wj wkfv e m úv`b Ki Z nq Zv PP v Ki eb evav we køly ev Ôhviv K iõ/ôhviv K i bvõ vwwi WvUv wj hvpvb Ki eb hv Z Kvb GKwU wbwï ó AMÖvwaKvi `j ev cöfvek `j wji AvPiY cwiez b K cöfvwez K i Ggb Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj K wpwýz Kiv hvq d g wuf M elyvi djvdj wji wfwë Z KŠkj Zix Kivi Rb Zv `i wb R `i cövmöv g ev Kvb KBm vww Z DBC KvVv gvwu cö qvm Ki eb wb R `i Kv Ri MVbg~jK mgv jvpbv Ki eb Ges mncvvx `i KvQ _ K ev mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i KvQ _ K wdwe vk MÖnY Ki eb Ges Zv `i KvVv gv wj K DbœZ Ki eb hv Z Gi YMZ gvb Av ivi DbœZ nq Ges AvPiY cwiez b KŠk ji mdjzvi m vebv Av ivi e o hvq 13

15 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv Zixi Kg kvjvi cwikíbv ˆZix Kiv 14

16 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb ïiæ Kiv g~j mn hvmx `i Ges GKwU cwikíbv `j wpwýz Kiv Kg kvjvwu cwipvjbv Kivi Rb Aek B A bk wm vší wb Z n e Ges A bk KvR Ki Z n e Ges GB KvR wj Kivi Rb hw` GKwU `j _v K Zvn j Zv Avcbvi Rb mvnvh c~y n e Kg kvjv cwikíbv ` ji g a Ggb jvk `i AšÍ f~³ Ki Z n e: hviv Kg kvjvi DcKiY wji mv _ Ges AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv Zixi (DBC) KvVv gvi mv _ cwiwpwz h ms v wj K Avgš b Rvbv bv n e mb ms v wji mv _ cwiwpz cöwkÿywu h v b AbywôZ n e mb v bi wel q hv `i Ávb Av Q AvPiYMZ c wz (Behavioral Approach) cöez b Kivi Rb cöwkÿywu K GKwU e nëi cwikíbvi Ask wnmv e MY Kiv GB Kg kvjvwu ekx A_ en n e hlb AvPiYMZ c wz K cöez b Kivi Rb GwU K GKwU ms vi e nëi cwikíbvi GKwU Ask wnmv e Mb Kiv n e GUv wbwðz Kivi ga w` q ïiæ Kiæb h, g~j Awd mi Kgx iv Ges gvv ch v qi Kg xiv, e e vc Kiv Ges ev ÍevqbKvixiv mevb hb GB KvVv gvi mv _ cwiwpz nb cöwkÿywu biqvi ci, mkj ch v qi Kgx iv GB aviyvwu K Ges Uzj&m wj K wkfv e Zv `i Kv R AšÍ f~³ Ki eb muvi c_ Ly ur ei Ki Z cvi eb mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i wbe vpb Kiv Kg kvjvi mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i AvPiY cwiez b (BC), eq wkÿv c wz, AskMÖnYg~jK wkÿv Ges DBC KvVv gvi cö qvm BZ vw` wel q AwfÁZv _vk Z n e Av`wk K w`k _ K, cöwz 10 Rb AskMÖnYKvixi Rb 1 Rb mnvqk/mnvwqkv _vkvi cö qvrb Av Q hv Z mnvqk/mnvwqkv Ges AskMÖnYKvix `i g a hvmv hvm ekx nq, we klfv e, `jxq KvR wji mg q mb Kvi Y, Rb AskMÖnYKvixi Rb wzb Rb mnkvix mnvqk/mnvwqkv mycvwik Kiv nj 15

17 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb AskMÖnYKvix wbe vpb GB Kg kvjvwu bkkv Kiv n q Q: gvv ch v qi cövmªvg e e vck `i Rb Ges BC Kg KZ v `i Rb hviv mgvrwfwëk Dbœqb cövmöv gi BC KŠkj bkkv Kivi `vwq Z Av Qb g~j Awd mi Kg x `i Rb hviv GB Kg kvjvwu Ab `k/ cövmöv gi Rb Abyiæcfv e w` Z cvi eb vbxq cöwz-mn hvmx `i Rb - mikvix gš Yvj qi ev emikvix ms vmg~ ni Kg xmy hviv cövmövg wj bkkv Kivi A_ev ev Íevqb Kivi Kv R RwiZ n eb vb wbe vpb Kiv GB Kg kvjvwu GKwU ^v Q ` c~y cwi e k cwipvjbv Kiv DwPZ, hgb, h _ó eo Kb&dv iý iæ g hlv b eo `j cwipvjbv Kiv hvq Ges QvU `j wj G K A b i Kv R e vnvz bv NwU q KvR Ki Z cvi e AwaKvsk Kv Ri Rb AskMÖnYKvixiv QvU QvU ` j KvR Ki e mb Kvi Y, ïiæ ZB hw` GKB ` ji m`m `i K GKB Uwe j emv bvi gva g QvU QvU `j wj K vqxfv e MVb Kiv hvq Zvn j AskMÖnYKvix `i `j wj K KZRb _vk Q Zv Rvbv hv e Ges G Z ci ú ii mv _ kqvwis ekx n e Ges evi evi QvU `j MVb K i mgq bó n e bv Ges G Z wkÿvi e ckzv evov e wkÿvi cö qvrbxqzv Ges m ú` hvpvb Kiv (LNRA) Kg kvjvi Av M mnvqk/mnvwqkviv hw` AskMÖnYKvix `i AwfÁZv Ges Zv `i AvMª ni welq wj R b bb Zvn j Zv Zv `i K mvnvh Ki e K qk mßvn Av M, ZvwjKvf~³ AskMÖnYKvix `i Kv Q cö kœi GKwU mu cvvvb Kg kvjvi cwikíbv ` ji m`m `i AskMÖnYKvix `i mv _ hvmv hvm Ki Z n e hv Z Zviv Zv `i DËi wj Rgv `Iqvi Rb DrmvwnZ nb Kg kvjvi c~ e mkj mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i mv _ DËi wj kqvi Kiæb GB mkk bi k l wkÿvi cö qvrbxqzv Ges m ú` hvpvb qi (LNRA) GKwU bgybv `Iqv Av Q 16

18 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb DcKiY wj cö Z Kiv DBC Kg kvjvwu cwipvjbv Kivi Rb Avcbvi h mg Í DcKi Yi cö qvrb Zvi cövq me wjb GB KvwiKzjv g `Iqv n q Q; ïay g vmvwrb/msev`c Îi weávcb wj `Iqv nqwb hv AskMÖnYKvix `i K wb q Avm Z ejv n q Q, WvUv mu wj GLv b bvb hv mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i AskMÖnYKvixiv Zv `i DBC KvVv gvi Rb h AvPiY wji Dci KvR Ki eb m wji Dci wfwë K i cö Z Ki Z n e Ges wkqz wd c I Bb W KvW mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i cö Z Ki Z n e Kg kvjvi Av MB Ges GB mkk bi k l h PKwj Ges DcKiY wji ZvwjKv `Iqv n q Q mwui Avcbvi cö wz biqvi mg qkg kvjvi Rb cö qvrbxq DcKiY wj cö Z Kivi Rb Avcbv K mvnvh Ki e 17

19 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb cwikíbvi PKwj PKwj 1: cöwkÿ Yi `yb ev wzb gvm Av M (A_ev hz Av M m e) cöwkÿy `j MVb Kiæb cöwkÿ Yi ev RU Ges cwikíbv mgqm~pxi Lmov Zix Kiæb m ve AskMÖnYKvix `i Kv Q weáwß wj cvvvb LNRA cwipvjbv Kiæb AskMÖnYKvix `i wbe vpb Kiæb Kg kvjvi vb wbe vpb Kiæb Ges wirv f Kiæb wbe vwpz AskMÖnYKvix `i Rb wbgš YcÎ cvvvb weiwzi mgq wji Rb Lvevi Ges bv Ívi e e v Kiæb kn ii evb ii AskMÖnYKvix `i Rb _vkvi e e v Kiæb kn ii evb ii AskMÖnYKvix `i Rb hvzvqvz I ˆ`wbK fvzvi e e v Kiæb PKwj 2: cöwkÿy ïiæi wzb mßvn _ K GK gvm Av M DcKi Yi ZvwjKv _ K cö qvrbxq DcKiY wj cö Z Kiæb Ges cöwkÿ Y e envi Kivi Rb wcö U Kiæb iæ gi AvKvi Ges wkfv e QvU `j wji Av jvpbvi e e v Ki eb mb wel q wbwðz ndb wbwðz Kiæb h me hš cvwz I miävg wj wvk Av Q Ges KvR Ki Q cöwkÿ Yi Rb cö qvrbxq mkj miävg wj wkbyb ( PKwj 4: mvcøvb qi wrwbmcî Ges miävgvw`- `Lyb) gvv ch v qi Kv Ri e e v Kiæb hgb: ( hvmv hvm, AbygwZ, bv Ív BZ vw`) ÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ hw` m e nq, Zvn j gvv ch v qi Kv Ri Rb vb wbe vpb Kiv DwPZ cövmv gi Kg GjvKvq g a A_ev hzuv m e mb Kg GjvKvi KvQvKvwQ Kvb v b Ges mwu Ggb n j fvj nq h mlv b cšqv Z GK N Uvi ekx mgq jvm e bv mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i cökœcîwu vbxq fvlvq Abyev` Kivi e e v Ki Z n e gvv ch v qi Kv Ri mgq, AskMÖnYKvix `i Rb bv Ív Ges/A_ev DrmvwnZ Kivi Rb Ab wkqz `Iqv DwPZ cªpwjz ms wz Abymv i 18

20 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb PKwj 3: cöwkÿ Yi wzbw`b _ K GK mßvn Av M cwiwkó 2 G h cwifvlv wj Av Q mwu PzovšÍ AskMÖnYKvix `i Kv Q cvvvb AskMÖnYKvix `i g vmvwrb ev msev`cö Îi GKwU weávcb Kg kvjvq wb q Avm Z ejyb GUv hw` AvÂwjK Kg kvjv n q _v K, Zvn j AskMÖnYKvix `i K Zv `i Performance Tracking Tables (IPTTs) A_ev Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) plans wb q Avm Z ejyb AskMÖnYKvixiv Zv `i DBC KvVv gv ˆZix Kivi Rb h AvPiY wj e envi Ki eb m wji Dci wfwë K i KZK wj WvUv mu ˆZix Kiæb GUv Kivi Rb, LNRA Gi DËi wj `Lyb Ges cwikíbv ` ji mv _ Av jvpbv Kiæb wd cpvu Zix Kiæb cöwzwu Kv Ri Rb h n vûavdu wj Av Q m wji b ^i mb Kv Ri Rb wd cpv U wjlyb AskMÖnYKvix `i c v KU wj MvQvb hlv b _vk e n vûavdu wj, bvuc vw, Kjg Ges bbg U vm AvMg bi mgq, _vkvi e e v, LvIqv`vIqv, hvzvqvz Ges ˆ`wbK fvzv (hw` _v K) BZ vw` wel q AskMÖnYKvix `i wbwðz Kiæb mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i `j MVb wgwus Kiæb hv Z GUv wbwðz Kiv hvq h, g~j mnvqk/mnvwqkviv Zv `i KvR wji Rb cö Z, mn hvmx mnvqk/mnvwqkvi wbwðzfv e Rv bb h cöwzwu Kv Ri mgq Zviv wkfv e g~j mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i mnvqzv `vb Ki eb, wm vší wb eb Kvb mnvqk ev mnvwqkv w` bi g~j vqb wj cwipvjbv Ki eb, Ges cöwzw` bi k l Kv_vq mnvqk/mnvwqkviv wgwus Ki eb muvi vb I mgq wba viy Ki eb Hw QK: gy Vv dvb wj ivlvi GKwU vb wbe vpb Kiæb A_ev GKwU gy Vv dv bi wmm&b vj AvU&Kv bvi hš wkbyb hv Z iæ gi g a wmmb vj cšqv Z bv cv i 19

21 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb PKwj 4: mvcøvb qi wrwbmcî Ges miävgvw` `ybev wzbwu wd cpvu c vw GKwU ev `ybwu wpîdjk (KvMR AvUKv bvi djk ) `yb ivj gvmwkb Uc c&jmn `ybwu cøvi cöwzwu AskMÖnYKvix `i Rb GKwU K i eo iwob gvk vi Ges mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i Rb PviwU cöwzwu AskMÖnYKvix `i Rb GKwU K i bvu c vw cöwzwu AskMÖnYKvix `i Rb GKwU K i Kjg ev cwýj cöwzwu AskMÖnYKvix `i Rb GKwU dvbj dvìvi ev wzb-wis evbûvi (n vûavdu wj wq q ivlvi Rb hw` m ú~ Y KvwiKzjvgwU AskMªnYKvix `i Rb `Iqv bv nq) cöwzwu AskMÖnYKvix `i Rb bbg U vm KvwP `yb wig Kwc ccvi GK ev dvbj dvìvi (100 Uv dvìvi) 200 Uv bvu KvW A_ev 3x3 KvW (hw` m e nq K qkwu wewfbœ i Oi) Pvi ev cvupwu cvó-bu Gi c vk cöwzwu AskMÖnYKvix `i Rb 12wU AvVv jv we `y Kw úduvi, wcª Uvi Ges IqvW cö mwms md&uiq vi (evav we køly Rwic wcö U Kivi Rb Ges hw` wkqz AskMÖnYKvix Zv `i KDm vww wj K cybivq Kw úduv i wjl Z Pvq, nv Z bv wj L) BwU cöwkÿ Yi Rb h DcKiY wj wcö U Ki Z n e m wji ZvwjKv hw` cöwzwu AskMÖnYKvix `i Rb cöwkÿ Yi KvwiKzjvgwU Qvcv bv m e nq Zvn j bx P h n vûavdu wj D jøl Kiv n q Q m wji Kwc ˆZix Kivi cö qvrb bvb KviY G wj BwZg a B KvwiKzjv g Av Q ïa~ KvR 2 Gi Rb cwikwíz cwiez bi Ljvi cöwµqv hv cwiwkó 1 G Av Q (cvuprb AskMÖnYKvixi Rb GKwU) Ges KvR 1 Gi Rb Kg kvjvi c~e -/ciezx cixÿv (cö Z K AskMÖnYKvixi Rb 2wU) G wj wcö U Kiæb 20

22 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i DcKiYmg~n GKwU DBC KvwiKzjvg KvR 2 Gi Rb cwikwíz cwiez bi Ljvi cöwµqv hv cwiwkó 1 G Av Q - Gi GKwU mu cöwzwu QvU `j wji Rb (cvuprb AskMÖnYKvix) AskMÖnYKvix `i evbûvi/ bvuey Ki Rb n vûavdu wj bx P h µgbymv i n vûavdu wj `Iqv Av Q wvk mb µgvbymv i n vûavdu wj wcö U K i mvrvb hw` m e nq, Zvn j KvM R cö_g w`b, wøzxq w`b GBfv e wj L cöwzwu w` bi n vûavdu wj Avjv`v Avjv`v K i wpwýz K i ivlyb AskMÖnYKvix `i evbûvi ev bvuey Ki Rb hlb n vûavdu wj wcö U Ki eb ZLb cöwzwu AskMÖnYKvixi Rb GKwU n vûavdu wcö U Kiæb, hw` m e nq `yb c ôvq wcö U Kiæb Ges bx P h µgvbymv i cöwzwu w` bi Rb wj `Iqv Av Q wvk mb µgvbymv i wcö U Kiæb cö_g w`b Kg kvjvi c~e -/ciez x cixÿv KvR ১ wd cpvu 1 A_ev n vûavdu 1: D Øvabx Awa ekb Ôci úi K RvbvÕ kxu KvR 2 n vûavdu 1: cwikwíz cwiez b Ljvi cªwµqvi DËicÎ Ges cwiez bi cvupwu avc g~j cwifvlv hv cwiwkó 2 G cviqv hv e (hviv GwU Kg kvjvi Av M cvbwb Zv `i Rb ) KvR 3 n vûavdu 1: Lvwj DBC KvVv gv KvR 3 n vûavdu 2: m ú~y fv e m úvw`z DBC KvVv gvi D`vniY wj KvR 3: n vûavdu 3: cwikíbv ˆZixi MvBW: DBC cöwµqvi avc wj KvR 3: n vûavdu 4: cvupwu ন তgvjv cö_g w` bi g~j vqb (wd cpv U A_ev n vûavd U) 21

23 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb wøzxq w`b KvR 3 n vûavdu 2: m ú~y fv e m úvw`z DBCKvVv gvi D`vniY wj KvR 5 n vûavdu 1: Avcbvi AMÖvwaKvi `j K ey bv Kivi QqwU Dcvq KvR 5 n vûavdu 2: Avcbvi AMÖvwaKvi `j K QqwU Dcv q ey bv Kivi D`vniY wj KvR 5 n vûavdu 3: Lvwj Iqv KkxU: AMÖvwaKvi `j K ey bv Kivi QqwU Dcvq wøzxq w` bi g~j vqb (wd cpv U ev n vûavd U) Z Zxq w`b KvR 3 n vûavdu 1: Lvwj DBC KvVv gv KvR7 n vûavdu 1: iæz c~y wba vikmg~n h wj AvPiY K cöfvwez K i KvR7 n vûavdu 2: wba vik wgjv bv KvR7 n vûavdu 3: wba vikmg~n wpwýz Kivi Abykxjbx (AskMÖnYKvix `i ms iy): Mí - 1: GKRb R j hvi mgq kl n q hviqvi Av MB ARynvZ kl n q wm qwqj KvR7 n vûavdu 4: wba vikmg~n wpwýz Kivi Abykxjbx (AskMÖnbKvix `i ms iy): Mí- 2: Igi Kb km vmvi ˆZix Kij KvR7 n vûavdu 5: mve Rbxb DÏxcK wj KvR 9 n vûavdu 1: evav we køl Yi cvupwu bxwz KvR 9 n vûavdu 2: evav we køly Ljvi vww MvBW KvR 9 n vûavdu 3: evav we køl Yi mvzwu avc KvR 9 n vûavdu 4: evav we køl Yi bgybv cökœvejx hw` we kl Kvb `k-wfwëk cöwkÿy nq: KvR 9 n vûavdu 5: K lk `i mv _ e envi Kivi Rb evav we køl Yi cökœvejxi D`vniY A_ev KvR 9 n vûavdu 6: wkï `i gv q `i mv _ e envi Kivi Rb evav we køl Yi cökœvejxi D`vniY hw` AÂj-wfwËK cöwkÿy nq: KvR 9 n vûavdu 7: Kg kvjv PjvKvjxb mg q e envi Kivi Rb Ôhviv K i/hviv K i bvõ Gi gnov cökœvejx KvR 9 n vûavdu 8: Ôhviv K iõ/hviv K i bvõ vwwi cökœvejx MV bi IqvK kxu KvR 9 n vûavdu 9: evav we køly cwipvjbv Kivi Rb wkqz mvnvh c~b idv iý Z Zxq w` bi g~j vqb (wd cpv U ev n vûavd U) 22

24 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb PZz_ w`b KvR 11 n vûavdu 1 Ges wd cpvu 1: Ôhviv K iõ Ôhviv K i bvõ vwwi djvd ji Uvwj wku wji D`vniY Hw QK: KvR 11 n vûavdu 2: evav we køl Yi bgybv mu wj Hw QK: evav we køl Yi Uey jkb IqvK wku (gvb µvmdu G j) hv GLvb _ K WvDb jvw Kiv n q Q - KvR 12 n vûavdu 1: Kvh µ gi ms hvm vc Ki msáv KvR 3 n vûavdu 2: m ú ~Yfv e m úvw`z DBC KvVv gvi D`vniYmg~n, D`vniY - 1 K wl I cövk wzk m ú `i cökí (ANR): nvumgyimxii Lvgv ii e e vcbv KvR 12 n vûavdu 2: Kvh µg wji ms hvm vck wji D`vniY KvR 12 n vûavdu 3: wba vik wj _ K Kvh µg wji ms hvm vck wj jlv PZz_ w` bi g~j vqb (wd cpv U ev n vûavd U) câg w`b KvR 13 n vûavdu 1: wba vikmg~n Ges Kvh µg wji ms hvm vckmg~n wpwýz Kivi wb ` kbv KvR 13 n vûavdu 2: MVbg~jK wdw&e vk `Iqvi Rb ch v jvpbvi cökœmg~n KvR 7 n vûavdu 1: iæz c~y wba vikmg~n h wj AvPiY K cöfvwez K i KvR 14 n vûavdu 1: Dchy³ Kvh µg wj wbe vpb Kivi ÿ Î mvnvh c~y gvb`ûmg~n KvR 14 n vûavdu 2: Kvh µg wji mv _ wba vikmgy ni ms hvm vcb Kiv KvR 15 n vûavdu 1: wba vi Ki mv _ evz v wgjv bv KvR 16 n vûavdu 1: AvPiY cwiez b KŠkj Gi Rb gwbuwis qi m~pkmg~n lô w`b KvR-19 n vûavdu-1: AvPiY cwiez b KŠkj ev Íevqb cwikíbvi GKwU bgybv Kg kvjvi c~e -/ciezx cixÿv (KvR 1 _ K) Kg kvjv ciezx cöwµqv Rwic hvmv hv Mi Z _ i ZvwjKv (hw` _v K; A_ev Kg kvjvi w`b AskMÖnYKvix `i w`b) KvR-20 n vûavdu-1: AvPiY cwiez bv bkkvi wi mv mmg~n 23

25 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb Kg kvjvi mgqm~pxi bgybv mv i cvup w`b e vwc Kg kvjvwui g a gvu 20wU KvR i q Q cöwzwu w`b ïiæ n e mkvj 8:30 wgwbu _ K Ges kl n e wekvj 5:30 wgwb U; cöwzw` bi cöwkÿ bi mgq cövq N Uv Ges GK mv _ klvi mgq gvu 27 N Uv cöwzwu w`b ïiæ n e grvi ch v jvpbv Abykxjbxi gva g hv eq wkÿvi mnvqk Ges hv mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i K cy iv w` bi Rb GKUv BwZevPK cwi ek m wó Ki Z mvnvh Ki e `qv K i g b ivlyb h, cöwkÿy cwipvjbv Kivi Rb GLv b AvbygvwbK mgq wba viy Kiv n q Q wkqz `j Kvb Kv R ekx mgq bq Avevi Kvb Kv R Kg mgq bq AwfÁ mnvqk/mnvwqkviv mvaviyz cöwkÿ Yi mv _ mgq Lvc LvB q wb Z cv ib wkš Kg AwfÁ mnvqk/mnvwqkviv mgq iÿk wnmv e KvR Kivi Rb KvD K Aby iva Ki Z cv ib hv Z Zviv mgq iÿvi wel q mvnvh Ki Z cv ib hw` mgq Kg n q _v K Zvn j mnvqk/mnvwqkviv AskMÖnYKvix `i Zv `i cökœ wj cvwk s ju wd cpv U wj L ivl Z ej Z cv ib A_ev wkqz cökœ Zviv e w³mzfv e weiwzi mgq wj Z A_ev w` bi k l Av jvpbv Ki Z cv ib hw` AskMÖnYKvixiv GKUz ekx K_v ej Z cq ` K ib ev Kvb KvR Ki Z ekx mgq bb Zvn j wkqz KvR evoxi KvR wnmv e `Iqv h Z cv i hw` Abyev`K e envi Kiv nq ev AskMÖnYKvix `i gvz fvlvq cöwkÿywu cwipvwjz bv n q _v K Zvn j hw` m e nq mgqm~px Z wkqz evowz mgq ivlyb KvR Awa ek bi wk ivbvg mgqmxgv Mgq cö_g w`b 1 D Øvabx Awa ekb 2 N Uv 08:30-10:30 weiwz 15 wgwbu 10:30-10:45 2 AvPiY cwiez b cwiwpwz : Avgv `i f~wgkv I cwikwíz 1 N Uv 55 wgwbu 10:45-12:40 cwiez bi cöwµqv `ycy ii Lvevi 1 N Uv 12:40-01:40 3 AvPiY cwiez b KvVv gvi ch v jvpbv 1 N Uv 01:40-02:40 ch v jvpbvi KvR wj `ycy ii Lvev ii ci Kiv h Z cv i, mkvj ejvq bv K i, hw` AskMÖnYKvix `i GKUz RvwM q Zvjvi cª qvrb nq 24

26 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb KvR Awa ek bi wk ivbvg mgqmxgv Mgq 4 ev Íevqb hvm I Kvh Ki AvPiY wbe vpb I msávwqz Kiv 2 N Uv 35 wgwbu 2:40-5:15 avc 1, 2 I 3 (weiwz mn) g cö_g w` bi g~j vqb 15 wgwbu 5:15-5:30 wøzxq w`b c ch v jvpbv Kivi Abykxjbx: Mvb ˆZix Kiæb! 40 wgwbu 08:30-09:10 4 ev Íevqb hvm I Kvh Ki AvPiY wbe vpb I msávwqz Kiv avc 4 Ges 5 30 wgwbu 09:10-09:40 5 AMÖvwaKvi `j Ges cöfvek `j wj (weiwz mn) 2 N Uv 35 wgwbu 09:40-12:15 `ycy iv Lvevi 6 Avgv `i DBC KvVv gv wj 1g Ask: AvPiY Ges AMÖvwaKvi `j K ey bv Kiv 1 N Uv 30 wgwbu 01:15-02:45 7 h wba vik wj AvPiY K cöfvwez K i m wj K wpwýz 2 N Uv 02:45-04:45 Kiv (weiwz mn) g wøzxq w` bi g~j vqb 15 wgwbu 04:45-05:00 Z Zxq w`b c ch v jvpbv Kivi Abykxjbx: gvov bv ej Lvjv 30 wgwbu 08:30-9:00 8 Ôkixi PP võ Abykxjbx 1 N Uv 09:00-10:00 weiwz 15 wgwbu 10:00-10:15 9 g~j wba vik wj K Lyu R ei Kivi Rb d g wuf M elyv 2 N Uv 10:15-12:15 cwipvjbv Kiv: evav we køly Ges Ôhviv K iõ Ôhviv K i bvõ vww (`ycy ii Avnv ii cii Pj e) `ycy ii Lvevi 1 N Uv 12:15-01:15 9 g~j wba vik wj K Lyu R ei Kivi Rb d g wuf M elyv cwipvjbv Kiv: evav we køly Ges Ôhviv K iõ Ôhviv K i bvõ vww (Pj e) 1 N Uv 01:15-02:15 10 cö ÍywZ Ges nv Z Kj g Kiv: di gwuf M elyv cwipvjbv Kiv 1 N Uv 45 wgwbu 02:15-04:00 g Z Zxq w` bi g~j vqb 15 wgwbu 04:00-04:15 25

27 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb KvR Awa ek bi wk ivbvg mgqmxgv Mgq PZz _ w`b gvv ch v qi KvR (1 N Uv hvzvqv Zi Rb mgq mn) 5-6 N Uv 08:00-01:00 `ycy ii Lvevi 1 N Uv 01:00-02:00 11 WvUv mskjb I we køly 1 N Uv 30 wgwbu 02:00-03:30 weiwz 15 wgwbu 03:30-03:45 12 Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj K jlv 1 N Uv 30 wgwbu 03:45-05:15 g PZz _ w` bi g~j vqb 15 wgwbu 05:15-05:30 câg w`b c ch v jvpbv Kivi Abykxjbx : Mv bi Zv j Zv j Pqvi 30 wgwbu 08:30-09:00 e`j 13 আম দর DBC KvVv gv Ask - 2: wba vikmg~n Ges 1 N Uv 09:00-10:00 Kvh µ gi ms hvm vckmg~n K wpwýz Kiv 14 cök íi Kvh µg wj wbe vpb Kiv 1 N Uv 20 wgwbu 10:00-11:20 `ycy ii Lvevi 15 wba vik wji mv _ evz v wj wgjv bv 1 N Uv 12:35-01:35 16 AvPiY cwiez b KŠkj Gi Rb gwbuwis qi m~pkmg~n 45 wgwbu 01:35-02:20 weiwz 15 wgwbu 02:20-02:35 y17 Avgv `i DBC KvVv gv Ask-3: Kvh µg wj cwikíbv 1 N Uv 02:35-03:35 Kiv g câg w` bi gyj vqb 15 wgwbu 03:35-03:50 lô w`b 18 PzovšÍ wdw&e vk wj Avgv `i DBC KvVv gvi mv _ 1 N Uv 08:30-09:30 GKwÎKiY Kiv 19 cökí KŠkj ev Ívevqb cwikíbv ˆZix Kiv (Hw QK) 1 N Uv 09:30-10:30 20 mgvcbx Awa ekb I mgvwß 1 N Uv 15 wgwbu 10:45-12:00 `ycy ii Lvevi 1 N Uv 12:00-01:00 hw` gvv-wfwëk Rwi ci cwie Z gnov Rwic Kiv nq Zvn j gvv ch v qi Kv Ri Rb Kg mgq jvm e 26

28 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb KvR Abyhvqx wi mv m/dckiy wji ZvwjKv KvR Kv Ri wk ivbvg cö qvrbxq DcKiYmg~n cö_g w`b iwr óªkb dvìvi hvi g a _vk e me n vûavdu Ges cwiwkó 2 Gi cwifvlv Kjg ev cwýj 1 D Øvabx Awa ekb Kg kvjvi c~e -/ciez x cixÿv Kg kvjvi c~e -/ciez x cixÿvi DËicÎ (cwiwkó 3 G cviqv hv e) Kg kvjvi wd cpvu 1: Kg d vu Uwej (mv vk e wb ` wkkv Ges cö Z K AskMÖnYKvixi Rb 6wU AvVv jv we `y A_ev c~e -cixÿvi mv _ cökœcöî wnmv e h UwejwU mshy³ Kiv n q Q mb UwejwU) KvR ১ wd cpvu 1 A_ev n vûavdu 1: D Øvabx Awa ekb Ôci úi K RvbvÕ kxu KvR 1 wd cpvu 2: Avgv `i cöz vkv KvR 1 wd cpvu 3 A_ev n vûavdu 2: DBC Kg kvjvi D Ïk vejx Kg kvjvi mgqm~px (GKwU wd cpvu G) Kg kvjvi wd cpvu 2: wbqgvejx Ges c wzmg~n 2 AvPiY cwiez b cwiwpwz: Avgv `i f~wgkv I cwikwíz cwiez bi cöwµqv Kg kvjvi wd cpvu 3: cvwk s ju cöwzwu ` ji Rb `Iqv j A bk dvukv RvqMv I Uc cwikwíz cwiez b Ljvi cöwµqv hv প র শ ১ G cviqv hv e: cö Z KwU ` ji Rb GKwU mu (cöwz ` j 5 _ K 6 Rb): GB Ljvi g a Av Q cwikwíz cwiez bi avc wji Rb KZK wj Kv Wi GKwU mu/kxu, GKwU mu nj cwiz bi G R Ui f~wgkvi Rb Ges Av ikwu mu nj mgv Ri jvk `i c` ÿ ci Rb AskMÖnYKvix `i `Iqvi mgq Kv W i muwu K G jv g jvfv e w` Z n e KvR 2 n vûavdu 1: cwikwíz cwiez b Ljvi cªwµqvi DËicÎ Ges cwiez bi cvupwu avc KvM R jlv cwiez bi cvupwu avc wji GKwU mu (c~e m PZbZv, m PZbZv, cö wz, c` ÿc, iÿv Kiv/eRvq ivlv) g~j cwifvlv hv cwiwkó 2 G cviqv hv e (hviv GwU Kg kvjvi Av M cvbwb Zv `i Rb ) 27

29 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb KvR Kv Ri wk ivbvg cö qvrbxq DcKiYmg~n 3 AvPiY cwiez b KvVv gvi ch v jvpbv KvR 3 wd cpvu 1: DBC KvVv gv (kã wj cö_ g X K ivlv n e Zvici avc 2L G D b vpb Kiv n e) KvR 3 wd cpvu 2: cvupwu DBC wm v šíi msáv KvR 3 n vûavdu 1: Lvwj DBC KvVv gv KvR 3 n vûavdu 2: m ú~y fv e m úvw`z DBC KvVv gvi D`vniY wj (K wl I cövk wzk m ú` [ANR] cök íi D`vniY wj: nvumgyimx e e vcbv I e ÿ ivcb; gv I wkï ^v Ges cywó [MCHN] cök íi D`vniY: (wkïi Qq gvm eqm ch ší ïaygvî ey Ki `ya LvIqv bv) KvR 3: n vûavdu 3: cwikíbv ˆZixi MvBW: DBC cöwµqvi avc wj KvR 3: n vûavdu 4: cvupwu ন তgvjv 4 ev Íevqb hvm I Kvh Ki AvPiY KvR 3 wd cpvu 1: DBC KvVv gv KvR 3 wd cpvu 2: cvupwu DBC wm v šíi msáv wbe vpb I msávwqz KvR 4 wd cpvu 1: AvPiY wk? Kiv avc 1, 2 I 3 m~pk wji D`vniY, BbwW KUi cvidi gý UªvwKs Uwej (IPTTs) (weiwz mn) A_ev jwrkvi d«giqv K _ K, we klfv e hw` AskMªnYKvix `i Kv Q Kvb D`vniY bv _ K _v K g g~j vqb cö_g w` bi g~j vqb (wd cpv U ev n vûavd U) wøzxq w`b c ch v jvpbv Kivi Abykxjbx: Mvb ˆZix Kiæb! AvR Ki w` bi mgqm~px AvR Ki w` bi D Ïk vejx cö_g w` bi g~j vq bi gšíe wji mvigg 4 ev Íevqb hvm I Kvh Ki AvPiY wbe vpb I msávwqz Kiv avc 1, 2 I 3 5 AMÖvwaKvi `j Ges cöfvek `j wj (weiwz mn) KvR ৪ পচ ট র ২: T PvU G mnr I KwVb AvPiY wj QvU `j wji Rb wd cpvu ccvi I gvk vi KvR ৪ পচ ট র ৩: Kv Ri mswÿß welqe KvR 3 wd cpvu 1: DBC KvVv gv KvR 3 n vûavdu 2: m ú~y fv e m úvw`z DBC KvVv gvi D`vniY wj KvR 5 wd cpvu 1: AMÖvwaKvi I cöfvek `j wj wk? GKwU AvPiY Ges AMÖvwaKvi `j ev cöfvek `j K wb Ï k K i Ggb KZK wj KvW 28

30 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb 6 Avgv `i DBC KvVv gv wj 1g Ask: AvPiY Ges AMÖvwaKvi `j K ey bv Kiv 7 h wba vik wj AvPiY K cöfvwez K i m wji msáv wba viy Kiv (weiwz mn) KvR 5 n vûavdu 1: Avcbvi AMÖvwaKvi `j Ges cöfvek `j wj K ey bv Kivi QqwU Dcvq KvR 5 n vûavdu 2: AMÖvwaKvi `j K ey bv Kivi QqwU Dcv qi D`vniY KvR 5 n vûavdu 3: Lvwj Iqv KkxU: Avcbvi AMÖvwaKvi `j K ey bv Kivi QqwU Dcvq hw` avc 4L wekí 1 e Q wbb: wkqz gvby li Qwe, GB Abykxj b e envi Kivi Rb Ges GKwU GjwmwW w Œb ev Qwe wji wcö U Kwc hw` avc 4L wekí 1 e Q wbb: Bb W KvW wji mv _ wbe vwpz AvPiY wj ( h wj Avmj WvUvi wfwë Z Kiv n q Q) এব KvR ৬ হয আআউট৪: wekí ২: AvPiY wji cöwz Rb Mvwôi mvov wba vwiz welqmn AvPiY cwiez b bkkvi (DBC) ` ji ZvwjKv KvR 6 wdøcpvu 1: `jxq Kv Ri Rb wb ` kvejx: AvPiY I Avcbvi AMÖvwaKvi ` ji msáv ˆZix Kiv KvR 3 n vûavdu 1: Lvwj DBC KvVv gv wj (cö Z K AskMÖnYKvixi Rb GK Kwc K i) KvR 5 n vûavdu 1: Avcbvi AMÖvwaKvi `j K ey bv Kivi QqwU Dcvq KvR 6 wd cpvu 2: DBC KvVv gv wj hvi g a ïaygvî AvPiY I AMÖvwaKvi ` ji Kjvg wj _vk e (cöwz ` ji Rb GK Kwc wd cpv U, hw` KvRwU nv Z Kiv nq) gšíe kx Ui Rb KvMR Ges gvk vi Kjg KvR 3 wd cpvu 2: cvupwu DBC wm všímg~n KvR 7 n vûavdu 1: iæz c~y wba vikmg~n h wj AvPiY K cöfvwez K i KvR 7 n vûavdu 2: wba vik wgjv bv KvR 7 n vûavdu 2 Gi DËicÎ (cwiwkó 3G Av Q) KvR7 n vûavdu 3: wba vikmg~n wpwýz Kivi Abykxjbx (mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i ms iy): Mí -1: GKRb R j hvi mgq kl n q hviqvi Av MB ARynvZ kl n q wm qwqj KvR7 n vûavdu 3: wba vikmg~n wpwýz Kivi Abykxjbx (AskMÖnYKvix `i ms iy): Mí - 1: GKRb R j hvi mgq kl n q hviqvi Av MB ARynvZ kl n q wm qwqj 29

31 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb KvR7 n vûavdu 4: wba vikmg~n wpwýz Kivi Abykxjbx(mnvqK/mnvwqKv `i ms iy) Mí- 2: Igi Kb km vmvi ˆZix Kij KvR 7 n vûavdu 4: wba vikmg~n wpwýz Kivi Abykxjbx (AskMÖnbKvix `i ms iy): Mí- 2: Igi Kb km vmvi ˆZix Kij KvR7 n vûavdu 5: mve Rbxb DÏxcK wj g vmvwrb ev msev`cî _ K weávcb (Av M _ KB AskMÖnYKvix `i G wj wb q Avm Z ejyb) g gyj vqb wøzxq w` bi g~j vqb (wd cpv U ev n vûavd U) Z Zxq w`b c ch v jvpbv Kivi Abykxjbx: gvov bv ej Lvjv Av M _ KB UyKiv UzKiv KvM R ch v jvpbv Kivi Rb cökœ wj wjlyb Zvici m wj GKwUi Dci Ab wu ewm q Uc jvwm q GKwU greyz ej evbvb: ch v jvpbvi bgybv cökœ wj `Lyb A_ev Av Mi w` bb AskMÖnYKvix `i Zv `i wb R `i cökœ ˆZix Ki Z ejyb w` bi Kg mywp w` bi jÿ mg~n 8 Ôkixi PP võ Abykxjbx gvmwkb Uc KvR 8 wd cpvu 1-10:Ôkixi PP võ Abykxjbx 9 g~j wba vik wj K Lyu R ei Kivi Rb d g wuf M elyv cwipvjbv Kiv: evav we køly Ges Ôhviv K iõ Ôhviv K i bvõ vww (`ycy ii Avnv ii cii Pj e) KvR 7 n vûavdu 1: iæz c~y wba vikmg~n h wj AvPiY K cöfvwez K i KvR 9 n vûavdu 1: evav we køl Yi cvupwu bxwz KvR 9 n vûavdu 2: evav we køly Ljvi vww MvBW evav we køly Ljvi Rb Post-its or index KvW Ges Uc, cö Z KwU cö kœi Rb GKwU K i evav we køly Ljvi cökœvejx KvR 9 n vûavdu 3: evav we køl Yi mvzwu avc KvR 9 n vûavdu 4: evav we køl Yi bgybv cökœvejx hw` we kl Kvb `k-wfwëk cöwkÿy nq: KvR 9 n vûavdu 5: K lk `i mv _ e envi Kivi Rb evav we køl Yi cökœvejxi D`vniY A_ev KvR 9 n vûavdu 6: wkï `i gv q `i mv _ e envi Kivi Rb evav we køl Yi cökœvejxi D`vniY hw` AÂj-wfwËK cöwkÿy nq: KvR 9 n vûavdu 7: Kg kvjv PjvKvjxb mg q e envi Kivi Rb 30

32 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb 10 cö ÍywZ Ges nv ZKj g Kiv: di gwuf M elyv cwipvjbv Kiv Ôhviv K i/hviv K i bvõ Gi gnov cökœvejx KvR 9 n vûavdu 8: Ôhviv K iõ/hviv K i bvõ vwwi cökœvejx MV bi IqvK kxu KvR 9 n vûavdu 9: evav we køly mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i MvBW _ K evav we køl Yi Dci Av ivi wkqz wb Ï kbv KvR 9 n vûavdu 10: evav we køly cwipvjbv Kivi Rb cö qvrbxq idv iý DcKiY avc 7 G ˆZix Kiv cökœvejxwu (cö Z K AskMÖnYKvixi Rb ev mvÿvrkvi MÖnYKvix ` ji Rb G Ki AwaK Kwc) hw` AÂj-wfwËK cöwkÿy n q _v K: KvR 9 n vûavdu 7: cöwkÿy PjvKvjxb mg q e envi Kivi Rb Ôhviv K iõ/ôhviv K i bvõ Gi gnov cökœvejx KvR 10 wd cpvu 1: gvv ch v qi Kv Ri Rb ` ji m`m iv KvR 10 wd c PvU 2: mvÿvrkvi MÖn Y mgq ÔwK wk Kiv DwPZÕ KvR 10 wd c PvU 3: mvÿvrkvi MÖn Yi mgq ÔwK wk Kiv DwPZ bvõ avc 3L Gi ivj cø Gi Rb mvÿvrkvi MÖn Yi KŠkj wji ZvwjKv cökœc Îi h _ó cwigv Y Kwc Zix Kivi Rb Kw úduvi, wcö Uvi, ccvi Ges cøvi g g~j vqb Z Zxq w` bi gyj vqb (wd cpv U ev n vûavd U) PZy _ w`b 11 WvUv mskjb I we køly KvR 11 n vûavdu 1 Ges wd cpvu 1: Ôhviv K iõ Ôhviv K i bvõ vwwi djvd ji Uvwj wku wji D`vniY (Av M _ KB wd cpv U Zix K i ivl Z n e, cöwzwu cö kœi Rb GKwU K i Ges AskMÖnYKvix `i Rb n vûavdu Gi Kwc) mkvj ejvi gvv ch v qi Kv R m úbœ Kiv cökœcî wj nv Z e envi Kivi GKwU K vjkz jui Hw QK: KvR 11 n vûavdu 2: evav we køl Yi bgybv mu wj Hw QK: evav we køl Yi Uey jkb IqvK wku (gvb µvmdu G j) hv GLvb _ K WvDb jvw Kiv n q Q - Hw QK: Kw úduvi (evav we køl Yi Uey jkb wkuwu e envi Kivi Rb ) Hw QK: KvR 11 n vûavdu 3: Hw QK Kvh µg: Kw úduv i WvUv Gw Uª Ges djvdj wji we køly KvR Kv Ri wk ivbvg cö qvrbxq DcKiYmg~n 31

33 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb 12 Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj K jlv KvR 12 n vûavdu 1: Kvh µ gi ms hvm vc Ki msáv KvR 3 wd cpvu 2: cvupwu DBC wm vší - _ K Kvh µ gi ms hvm vc Ki msáv KvR 3 n vûavdu 2: m ú ~Yfv e m úvw`z DBC KvVv gvi D`vniYmg~n, D`vniY - 1 K wl I cövk wzk m ú `i cökí (ANR): nvumgyimxii Lvgv ii e e vcbv KvR 12 n vûavdu 2: Kvh µg wji ms hvm vck wji D`vniY KvR 12 n vûavdu 3: wba vik wj _ K Kvh µg wji ms hvm vck wj jlv KvR 12 n vûavdu 3 Gi DËicÎ (cwiwkó 3 G Av Q) g g~j vqb PZz _ w` bi g~j vqb (wd cpv U ev n vûavd U) câg w`b C ch v jvpbv Kivi Abykxjbx: Mv bi Zv j Zv j Pqvi e`j 13 Avgv `i DBC ক ঠ ম অ শ - ২: নধ রmg~n র Ges Kvh µ gi ms hvm vckmg~n K wpwýz Kiv 14 cök íi Kvh µg wj wbe vpb Kiv ch v jvpbv Kivi vejx Uc ikw vi Ges bvpvi Rb fvj GKwU wmww Hw QK: ch v jvpbvi cökœ wj jlvi Rb KZK wj Lvwj Bb W KvW AvR Ki w` bi mgqm~px Avi jÿ mg~n KvR - 3 n vûavdu ১: Lvwj DBC KvVv gv, mv _ KZK wj evowz Lvwj Kwc - G Z hfv e ejv Av Q mb fv e cö Z K QvU ` ji AvswkKfv e m úvw`z DBC KvVv gv wj cöwzwu QvU ` ji Rb WvUv mu wj (mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i Rb bvu `Lyb) hgb, KvR 11 n vûavdu ২: evav we køly WvUv mu wji bgybv ক R ১৩ n vûavdu ১: wba vikmg~n Ges Kvh µg wji ms hvm vckmg~n wpwýz Kivi wb ` kbv ক R 7 n vûavdu 1: iæz c~y wba vikmg~n h wj AvPiY K cöfvwez K i ক R 13 wd c PvU ১: কভ বগঠনম ল wdw&e vk w` Z nq wd c Pv U jlv cö Z K ` ji DBC KvVv gv wj hv `qv j UvOv bv _vk e ক R ১৩ n vûavdu ২: MVbg~jK wdw&e vk `Iqvi Rb ch v jvpbvi cökœmg~n MVbg~jK wdwe vk `Iqvi Rb KvMR I gvk vi ক R-৩ wd cpvট র-১: DBC KvVv gv ক R -3 wdøcচ ট র-২: ৫ DBC wm vší (Kvh µ gi msáv K cövavb w` q) 32

34 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb 15 wba vik wji mv _ evz v wj wgjv bv 16 AvPiY cwiez b KŠkj gwbuwis Kiv 17 Avgv `i DBC KvVv gv Ask-3: Kvh µg wj cwikíbv Kiv lô w`b 18 PzovšÍ wdw&e vk wj Avgv `i DBC ক ঠ ম রmv _ GKwÎKiY Kiv 19 cökí KŠkj ev Ívevqb cwikíbv ˆZix Kiv 20 mgvcbx Awa ekb I mgvwß ক R-১৪ wd cচ ট র-১: cök íi Kvh µg wj wbe vpb Kivi bgybv g Wj ক R-১৪ wd cচ ট র-২: QvU ` j Av jvpbvi Rb cökœ: wkfv e mwvk Kvh µg wj wbe vpb Ki Z nq? ক R-১৪ হয ÛAvDU -1: Dchy³ Kvh µg wj wbe vpb Kivi ÿ Î mvnvh c~y gvb`ûmg~n ক R-১৪ হ vûavdu-২: Kvh µg wji mv _ wba vikmgy ni ms hvm vcb Kiv KvR 15 wd cpvu 1: wba vikwfwëk evz vi D`vniY KvR 15 n vûavdu 1: wba vi Ki mv _ evz v wgjv bv KvR 15 n vûavdu 1: Gi DËigvjv (cwiwkó 3 G cviqv hv e) Hw QK: wba vikmg~ ni Ges welq ev AvPi Yi Rvov D`vniY Index KvW wj Ges mv _ WvUv msmö ni Uzj&m wji D`vniY KvR 16 n vûavdu 1: AvPiY cwiez b KŠkj gwbuwis qi m~pkmg~n cö Z K ` ji AvswkKfv e m úvw`z DBC KvVv gv KvR-13 n vûavdu-2: MVbg~jK wdw&e vk `Iqvi Rb ch v jvpbvi cökœmg~n KvR-17 n vûavdu-1: Kvh µg wj cwikíbv Kivi wb ` kbv cö Z KwU ` ji AvswkKfv e m úv`b Kiv DBC KvVv gv KvR-13 wd cpvu -1:wKfv e MVbg~jK wdw&e vk w` Z nq KvR-13 n vûavdu-2: MVbg~jK wdw&e vk `Iqvi Rb ch v jvpbvi cökœmg~n MVbg~jK wdw&e vk `Iqvi Rb KvMR I gvk vi KvR-19 n vûavdu-1: AvPiY cwiez b KŠkj ev Íevqb cwikíbvi GKwU bgybv Kg kvjvi c~e -/ciez x cixÿv (KvR-1 _ K) Kg kvjv -ciezx cöwµqv Rwic Kg kvjv wd cpvu -1: Kg dvu Uwej (KvR-1 _ K) cö Z K AskMÖnYKvix `i Rb QqwU i Oi we `y (hw` m e nq, cö_g w` b h is wj e envi Kiv n q Q m wj _ K wfbœ is e envi Kiæb) Kg kvjv m úbœ Kivi mb`cî hvmv hv Mi Z _ i ZvwjKv (hw` _v K) KvR-20 n vûavdu-1: DBC m ú`mg~n 33

35 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb wkÿvi cö qvrbxqzv I m ú` hvpvb (LNRA) Kg kvjvi Av MAskMÖnYKvix `i AwfÁZv I AvMÖn m ú K R b wb j Kg kvjvi cwikíbvkvixiv DcK Z n eb Kg kvjvi K qk mßvn Av MB ZvwjKvf~³ AskMÖnYKvix `i Kv Q GK mu cökœvejx cvvvb LNRA Gi D`vni Yi Rb ciez x c ôv `Lyb AskMÖnYKvix `i K LNRA DËi Rgv w` Z DrmvwnZ Kivi Rb Kg kvjvi cwikíbvkvix ` ji m`m `i K AskMªnYKvix `i mv _ evi evi hvmv hvm Ki Z n Z cv i Kg kvjvi Av MB, AskMÖnYKvix `i DËi wj mkj mnvqk `i mv _ kqvi Kiæb Ges Zv `i DË ii cwi cöwÿ Z KvwiKzjv gi Dci hw` Kvb cwiez b Avbvi cª qvrb _v K Zvn j mb cwiez b wj Kiæb ( hgb: AvPi Yi D`vniY) 34

36 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb wcöq AskMÖnYKvix, DBC Gi Dci Kg kvjv: wkÿvi Pvwn`v I m ú` hvpvb (LNRA) DBC Kg kvjvq AskMÖnY Kivi Rb Avcwb h AvMÖn `wl q Qb mbrb Avcbv K ab ev` Avcbvi I Avcbvi ms vi cö qvrb wvkgz প iy Kivi j ÿ Avgiv hv Z mwvkfv e cö wz MÖnY Ki Z cvwi, mb Rb `qv K i wkqz mgq wb q bx Pi cökœ wji DËi w`b wpšív Ki eb bv, GUv Kvb cixÿv bq; Kg kvjvwu hv Z Avcbv `i Rb Dchy³fv e Kiv m e nq muv wbwðz Kivi Rb GUv Avgv `I GKUv Dcvq gvî `qv K i Avcbv `i DËi GB B- gbj wvkvbvq cvvvb [B gbj wvkvbvwu GLv b w`b bvg: c`: Avcbvi gvz fvlv: 1 GB Kg kvjvq hvm`v bi gva g Avcwb wk wkl Z Pvb? `qv K i wbwï ó K i ejyb ২ Avcwb BwZg a DBC ev AvPiY KvVv gvi mv _ KZUzKz cwiwpz? Avcwb wk Av M KLbI G wj e envi K i Qb? hw` K i _v Kb Zvn j Avcbvi AwfÁZv Kgb wqj? ৩ AvPiY cwiez b cök íi bkkv Zix Kivi ÿ Î Avcwb wk wk iæz c~y evavi mb ywlb n q Qb? ৪ GB Kg kvjvq Avcwb h Ávb I `ÿzv AR b Ki eb Zv Avcbvi wb Ri cök í wkfv e e envi Kivi cwikíbv Ki Qb? ৫ Avcbvi cökí h iæz c~ Y AvPiY wj DbœxZ Ki Q ev Ki e mb wji ZvwjKv cö`vb Kiæb (Kgc ÿ wzbwu), Ges `qv K i wbwï ó K i wjlyb K) L) M) Avcbv K ab ev`! Avgiv Avcbvi AskMÖn Yi A cÿvq AvwQ [ ^vÿi...] 35

37 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb Kg kvjvi cö_g w`b 36

38 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb KvR 1: D Øvabx Awa ekb AR bwfwëk D Ïk vejx GB Kv Ri k l AskMÖnYKvixiv: Kg kvjvi mnvqk `i KvQ _ K ï f Qv MÖnY Ki eb সময়: ২ঘ AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv Zixi (DBC) KvVv gv m ú K Zv `i KZUzKz Ávb Av Q Ges GB wel q Zviv KZUzKz ^v Q ` eva K ib m wel q ebmjvbb Z_ w` eb Zv `i wb R `i cwipq w` eb Ab vb AskMªnYKvix `i mv _ cwiwpz n eb GB Kg kvjv _ K Zviv wk cöz vkv Ki Qb Zv ch v jvpbv Ki eb Kg kvjvi D Ïk vejx Ges mgqm~px ch v jvpbv Ki eb Kg kvjvq AskMÖn Yi wkqz wbqgbxwzi ZvwjKv ˆZix Ki eb উপকরণmg~n Kg kvjvi c~e -/ciez x cixÿv Kg kvjvi c~e -/ciez x cixÿvi DËicÎ (cwiwkó 3 G cviqv hv e) Kg kvjvi wd cpvu 1: Kg d vu Uwej (mv vk e wb ` wkkv Ges cö Z K AskMÖnYKvixi Rb 6wU AvVv jv we `y A_ev c~e -cixÿvi mv _ cökœcöî wnmv e h UwejwU mshy³ Kiv n q Q mb UwejwU) KvR ১ wd cpvu 1 A_ev n vûavdu 1: D Øvabx Awa ekb Ôci úi K RvbvÕ kxu KvR 1 wd cpvu 2: Avgv `i cöz vkv KvR 1 wd cpvu 3 A_ev n vûavdu 2: DBC Kg kvjvi D Ïk vejx Kg kvjvi mgqm~px (GKwU wd cpvu G) Kg kvjvi wd cpvu 2: wbqgvejx Ges c wzmg~n Kg kvjvi wd cpvu 3: cvwk s ju 37

39 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb avcmg~n: ১. ^vmzg ও Kg kvjvi cwiwpwz ১K. e vl v K i ejyb, h nzz cªvmv gi mdjzv wbf i K i jv Kiv Zv `i AvPiY cwiez b Ki Q wkbv ev byzb Kvb AvPiY AvqZ Ki Q wkbv (GKRb mev cö`vbkvix `i ÿ Î) muvi Dci, mb Kvi Y Avgv `i K wkl Z n e wkfv e Kvh Ki AvPiY cwiez b (BC) KŠkj Zix Kiv hvq GB Kg kvjvi gyj D Ïk nj wkfv e GKwU DBC KvVv gv e envi Ki Z nq Zv klv hv Z Avgiv AvPiY cwiez b Kivi Kvh Ki KŠkj wj Zix Ki Z cvwi ২. AskMÖnYKvix `i KvQ _ K ebmjvbb Z_ msmön Kiv ২K. e vl v K i ejyb, Kg kvjv ïiæi c~ e Avgiv wkqz ebmjvbb Z_ msmön Ki Z PvB hv Z Kg kvjv kl n j ci Avgiv Kg kvjvwui Kvh KvwiZv hvpvb K i `L Z cvwi emjvbb Gi g a _vk e GKwU c~e -cixÿv I ÔKg dv U UwejÕ ২L. Kg kvjvi c~ e-/ciezx cixÿv weziy Kiæb AskMÖnYKvix `i 10 wgwbu mgq w`b c ~ecixÿvwu kl Kivi Rb, Zvici GUv msmªn Kiæb ন ট: DbœZZi ` ji ÿ Î, mnvqk c~e -/ciez x cixÿvi Rb AviI KwVb cökœ e envi Ki Z cv ib ২M. Avcwb Kg kvjvi wd cpvu - 1: Kg dv U Uwej wu PvB j wd cpv U Avevi Zix Ki Z cv ib (mycvwik Kiv nj) A_ev Kg kvjvi c~e -/ciez x cixÿvi mv _ cökœ wj hy³ Ki Z cv ib hw` Avcwb wd cpv U byzb K i Kg d vu Uwej wu Zix K ib Zvn j cö Z K Ask MªnYKvix K QqwU AvVv jv we `y w`b Uwe ji D ci h welqwu D jøl Kiv n q Q mb wel q AskMÖnYKvixiv KZUzKz ^v Q ` eva K ib ev mwui mv _ Zviv KZUzKz cwiwp Z Zv h ZvUv m e cwi vifv e evsv bvi Rb AskMÖnYKvix `i cöwzwu v b GKwU we `y vcb Ki Z ejyb bvu: hw` Avcbvi AvVv jv we `y bv _v K Zvn j Kg dv U Uwej G we `y wj AvKuvi Rb AskMÖnYKvixiv Õ dë wuc gvk viõ e envi Ki Z cv ib ৩. AskMÖnYKvix `i cwiwpwz ৩K. KvR ১ wd cpvu 1 A_ev n vûavdu 1: D Øvabx Awa ekb Ôci úi K RvbvÕ kxu _ K cökœ wj wd cpv U wjlyb A_ev AskMÖnYKvix `i K GK Kwc n vûavdu w`b 3L. AskMÖnYKvix `i K cö kœi DËi wj KvM R ev n vûavd U wjl Z ejyb 38

40 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb 3M. AskMÖnYKvix `i K ejyb Ggb GKR bi Kv Q wb Ri cwipq w` Z hv K wzwb wp bb bv 3N. Zvici, AskMÖnYKvix `i ejyb wzwb h e w³i mv _ cwiwpz n jb mb e w³ K Ab mevi mv _ Ges mnvqk `i mv _ cwipq Kwi q w` Z bvu: AskMÖnYKvix `i KvQ _ K AwZwi³ Z_ msmön Kivi GUv GKUv my qvm hv Avcbvi cöwkÿ Yi Rb cö qvrb n Z cv i hgb, h AvPi Yi Dci Zviv KvR Ki Qb ev Kvb `k hvi m ú K Zviv A bk Rv bb m wji wel q Z_ msmön Ki Z cv ib Avcwb hw` Pvb Zvn j GB cökœ wj wd cpv U ev n vûavd U hvm Kiæb 4. cöz vkv 4K. KvR 1 wd cpvu 2: Avgv `i cöz vkv wu `Lvb bvu: Kg kvjv ïiæ Kivi c~ e mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i K Aek B Ôwkÿvi cª qvrbxqzv I m ú` hvpvb (LNRA) _ K cöz vkv wj ch v jvpbv Ki Z n e Ges m ez GUv GKUv fvj my hvm GB welq wji g a cv_ K wj Av jvpbv Kivi hgb: Z_, wkÿv Ges hvmv hvm (IEC); AvPiY cwiez bi hvmv hvm (BCC); Ges AvPiY cwiez b (BC), we klfv e hw` Kvb GKRb AskMÖnYKvix cöz vkv wnmv e IEC ev BCC Gi DcKiY Zix Kivi wel q D jøl K i _v Kb wek` e vl vi Rb cwiwkó 2 Gi g~j cwifvlv `Lyb 4L. GKRb ^ Qv mek ev ^ Qv mwekv K wd c PvU wu co Z ejyb 4M. AskMÖnYKvix `i wrávmv Kiæb Zviv wk ZvwjKvq Av iv Kvb cöz vkv hvm Ki Z Pvb wkbv 5. Kg kvjvi D Ïk vejx 5K. KvR 1 wd cpvu 3 A_ev n vûavdu 2: DBC Kg kvjvi D Ïk vejx wu ch v jvpbv Kiæb 5L. GB Kg kvjvq h cöz vkv wj cyiy Kiv m e n e bv m wj D jøl Kiæb ৬. কম র শ ল সময়সPx 6K. GB KvwiKzjv g Av M hfv e ZvwjKvf~³ Kiv n q Q wvk mbfv e Kg kvjvi mgqm~px wd cpv U wjlyb Ges AskMÖnYKvix `i mv _ cybiv jvpbv Kiæb jwrw Kvj welq wj wb q Av jvpbv Kiæb, hgb: mb vbx fvzv, gvv ch v qi KvR, Lvevi BZ vw` 39

41 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb ৭. নয়মক ন এব প তmg~n 7K. klvi GKwU fvj cwi ek Zix Kivi Rb `j hme wbqgkvbyb I c wz wj cvjb Ki Z Pvq m wj ` ji mv _ Av jvpbv Kiæb ÔwbqgKvbyb Ges c wzmg ~nõ wk ivbvg w ` q GB wj wd cpv U wjlyb 8. mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i f~wgkv 8K. D jøl Kiæb h A b KB nq Zv Zv `i mnkg x `i Rb Avevi GB Kg kvjvwu ûeû GKBfv e cwipvjbv Ki Z PvB eb h AskMÖnYKvixiv GB Kg kvjvwu Zv `i mnkg x `i Rb cwipvjbv Kivi wpšív Ki Qb Zv `i K nvz Zzj Z ejyb 8L. e vl v K i ejyb h, GB Kg kvjvq mnvqk/mnvwqkviv Learning-Centered Adult Education (Vella) Gi c wzwu AbymiY Ki eb Ges Zviv wewfbœ mg q Kg kvjv cwipvjbvi wewfbœ KŠk ji wel q mywbwï ófv e wewfbœ gšíe Ki eb 9. Kg kvjv PjvKvjxb mg q cökœ wrávmv Kiv 9K. h cökœ wj Av jvpbvi Rb mg qi cö qvrb mb wji Rb ÔcvwKs juõ wk ivbvg w` q GKwU wd cpvu Zix Kiæb Ges AskMÖnYKvix `i Gi D Ïk m ú K ejyb 40

42 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb Kg kvjvi c~e /ciez x cixÿv `qv K i me P q fvj DËiwU Z Mvj `vm w`b 1. Kvh Ki AvPiY cwiez b KŠkj wji bkkv Kivi Rb Kvb Kvb Dcv`vb wj Aek B we epbv Kiv &DwPZ? K. AMÖvwaKvi `j, Kvh µg wji ms hvm vck wj I g~j vqb c wz L. AMÖvwaKvi `j, cöfvek `j wj, Kvh µg wji ms hvm vck wj, Kvh µg wj Ges m~pk wj M. AvPiY, AMÖvwaKvi `j, cöfvek `j wj, me P q kw ³kvjx wba vik wj, Kvh µg wji ms hvm vck wj Ges Kvh µg wj 2. AMÖvwaKvi `j Ges cöfvek `j wj m ú K Avgv `i wk Rvbv cö qvrb? K. RbZvwË K Z_ wj, Zviv wk Ki Z cq ` K i, Zviv wk Pvq Ges Zviv AvPiY cwiez b P µi cöv_wgk Í i Av Q bvwk kl Í i Av Q L. ckv, eqm, eevwnk Ae v, cwiev ii AvKvi, Avq, AvPiYwU AvqZ Kivi Rb Zv `i KZUzKz Drmvn I cö wz Av Q M. Zviv wk K i, AvPiYwUi wel q Zviv wk Rv b, Zv `i Abyf~wZ wk Ges Zviv wk P Pv K i, Zviv mvaviyz wk Pvq, AvPiYwU AvqZ Kivi Rb Zviv K ZvUv cö Z, AvPiYwU Kivi Rb Zviv wk wk evavi mb ywlb nq Ges RbZvwË K Z_ vw` 3. bx Pi KvbwU ^ Q I fvjfv e msávwqz AvPi Yi wee wz? K. MvQ jvmv bvi gva g Lov cöwz iva Kiæb L. R j `i Rvj wj Z QvU QvU wq`ª Av Q M. nvum gyimxi Lvgvixiv memgq nvumgyimx wj K eü K i iv L ( eov w` q wn i iv L) 4. GKwU AvPiY cwiez bi c` ÿc Mªn Yi mgq AMÖvwaKvi `j Ges cöfvek `j wji ` wófw½ m ú K Rvbv Kb iæz c~y? K. hv Z Avgiv Zv `i K Kvw LZ AvPiYwU Kivi Rb AbycÖvwYZ Ki Z cvwi L. byzb AvPiYwUi iæz m ú K Zviv hb Ávb e w K i mb wel q Zv `i K DrmvwnZ Kivi Rb 41

43 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb M. hv Z Zv `i ` wófw½ M elyv Kivi Rb Ab Kvb cökí ev ms v wj K eviwz Kvb A_ e q Ki Z bv nq 5. evav we køly ev Ôhviv K i / hviv K i bvõ vwwwu wk mi Rb e envi Kiv nq? K. Kvb Kvb evav wj Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ `i K AvPiYwU Ki Z evav w` Q m wj m ú K Rvbv L. KvivAvPiYwU Ki Z cv i Ges Kviv Ki Z cv i bv Zv `i wpwýz Kiv M. Kvb GKwU wbwï ó AvPiY Kivi Rb jvk `i K AbycÖvwYZ Ki Z ev evav w` Z Kvb Kvb wba vik wj me P q ekx cöfvekvjx Zv `Lv bv 6. AvPi Yi wba vik wj I Kvh µg wji ms hvm vck wji g a wk hvmv hvm Av Q? K. GKwU Ab wui PvB Z eo L. Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj Kg we ÍvwiZ Ges Avcbvi wba vwiz Rb Mvwôi AvKvi K `Lvq M. GKwU wba vik Kvb w` K hv e mbwel q GKwU we kl ey bvb nj Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck 7. AvPi Yi wba vik wj Ges GKwU Kvh µg wbe vpb Kivi g a wk hvmv hvm Av Q? K. Kvh µgwui Øviv wk AMÖvwaKvi `jwui AvPi Yi mkj wba vik wji Dci KvR Kiv m e n e wkbv muvi Dci wfwë K i GKwU Kvh µg wbe vpb Kiv DwPZ L. Kvb Kvb Kvh µg wj mgv Ri jvk `i g a wu K _vk e Zv wpwýz Kivi Rb AvPi Yi wba vik wj Avgv `i mvnvh Ki Z cv i M. Ggb Kvh µg wj wbe vpb Kiv DwPZ h wj mivmwifv e me P q kw³kvjx wba vik wji Dci KvR Ki e Ges jv Kiv cwiez bi Kvb ch v q Av Q muvi wfwë Z Kvh µg wj wbe vpb Kiv DwPZ 8. AvPiY cwiez bi me P q cöpwjz wzbwu wba vik wj wk wk? K. Dcj djvdj wj (BwZevPK Ges bwzevpk ), Dcj ^-ÿgzv ev `ÿzv Ges Dcj mvgvwrk ixwzbxwz L. c` ÿc MÖn Yi Dcj ^-ÿgzv, Dcj mvgvwrk ixwzbxwz Ges Dcj djvdj wj (BwZevPK Ges bwzevpk) M. Dcj djvdj wj (BwZevPK Ges bwzevpk), Dcj Hk wik B Qv, Ges Dcj mvgvwrk ixwzbxwz 42

44 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb 9. AMÖvwaKvi `j AvPiY cwiez bi Kvb av c Av Q Zv wpwýz Kiv Kb iæz c ~Y? K. hv Z Avcwb KZK wj Kvh µg wb q GKwU DBC KŠkj cwikíbv Ki Z cv ib hv AMÖvwaKvi ` ji AwaKvsk jvk cwiez b cöwµqvi h av c Av Q mb av ci Rb Dchy³ L. hv Z Avcwb Rvb Z cv ib wk ai bi wkÿv/m PZbZv e w Kivi cö qvrb Av Q M. hv Z mgq Ges m ú` bó bv nq 10. GKwU Dchy³ Kvh µg wbe vpb Kivi wzbwu iæz c~ Y gvb`û wj wk wk? K. Kvh Ki e q, ev Íevqb hvm Zv Ges UKmB L.ev Íevqb hvm Zv, AMÖvwaKvi ` ji aviy/möny ÿgzv Ges wba vi Ki mv _ cövmw½kzv M. gš Yvj qi bxwzgvjvi mv _ GKgZ, UKmB Ges ms vmz K vcvwmwu 43

45 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb Kg kvjvi wd cpvu 1 Kg dvu Uwej `ÿzvi ÿî Kg kvjvi Av M ^v Q ` ev ai Ae v Kg kvjvi c i ^v Q ` ev ai Ae v ১ ২ ৩ ৪ ৫ ১ ২ ৩ ৪ ৫ GKwU AvPiY cwiez b KŠk ji AMÖvwaKvi `j I cöfvek `j wj K wba viy Kiv ^ Q I fvjfv e msávwqz K i AvPi Yi wee wz jlv Ôhviv K iõ/ôhviv K i bvõ vww cwipvjbv Kiv h wba vik wj AvPiY cwiez b K cöfvwez K i m wj K wba viy Kivi Rb cwigvymz I YMZ WvUv we køly Kiv h Kvh µg wj ÕKvh µg wji ms hvm vck wj KÕ me P q fvjfv e D Ïk K i KvR Ki e mb Kvh µg wj wbe vpb Kivi Rb we kl wbe vpb gvb`û e envi Kiv j: 1 = ^v Q ` eva Kwi bv, 2= Aí GKUz ^v Q ` eva Kwi, 3 = gvuvgywu ^v Q ` eva Kwi, 4= ^v Q ` eva Kwi, 5= Lye ^v Q ` eva Kwi ন ট: Kg kvjvi ïiæ Z AskMÖnYKvixiv hlb iæ g XzK eb ZLb mnvqk/mnvwqkviv Zv `i K AvVv jv we `y wj e envi K i GB wd cpvu wu c~iy Ki Z ej Z cv ib Kg dv U UwejwU wd cpv U `L Z Kgb n e Zvi GKwU D`vniY bx Pi GB Qwe Z `Iqv nj 44

46 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb KvR 1 wd cpvu 1 ev n vûavdu 1 D Øvabx Awa ekb: ci úi K Rvbv kxu GB kxuwu bvuey KI Kiv h Z cv i bvg: c` Ges mswÿß weeey: AvPiY cwiez b KŠkj bkkvi wel q AwfÁZv: wcöq is A_ev wcöq পশ: Ggb wkqz hv Avwg fvjevwm: GKwU RvqMv hlv b eov Z h Z Avwg cq ` Kwi: 45

47 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb KvR 1 wd cpvu 3 ev n vûavdu 2 DBC Kg kvjvi D Ïk vejx Kg kvjvi k l AskMÖnYKvixiv: DBC KvVv gvi wewfbœ Dcv`vb we køly Ki eb Ges ev Íe I bgybv WvUvi Dci wfwë K i GB Dcv`vb wj m úv`b Kivi KvR PP v Ki eb Kvb wbwï ó AMÖvwaKvi `j Ges cöfvek `j wji AvPiY cwiez b K h evav wj Ges DÏxcK wj (g~j wba vik wj ) cöfvwez K i m wj K wpwýz Kivi Rb d g wuf M elyvi djvdj wj e envi Ki eb d g wuf M elyvi djvdj Abyhvqx KŠkj Zix Kivi Rb DBC KvVv gvwu Zv `i wb R `i cökí wj Z ev Kvb GKwU KBm vww Z cª qvm K i `L eb Zv `i AvPiY cwiez b KŠk ji YMZ gvb DbœZ Kivi Rb Ges Gi mdjzvi m vebv K Av ivi e w Kivi Rb Ab vb AskMÖnYKvix I mnvqk `i wdwe v Ki wfwë Z Zviv Zv `i DBC KvVv gvi wewfbœ Dcv`vb wj K (AvPiY wee wz; AMÖvwaKvi ` ji ey bv; Ges wba vik wj, Kvh µg wji ms hvm vck wj Ges Kvh µg wj wbe vpb Kiv) ms kvab Ki eb 46

48 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb KvR-2: AvPiY cwiez b cwiwpwz : Avgv `i f ~wgkv I cwikwíz cwiez bi cöwµqv AR bwfwëk D Ïk vejx GB Kv Ri k l AskMÖnYKvixiv: cwikwíz cwiez bi cöwµqvi mv _ m ú wkz avc wj K cvi úwik mn hvwmzvi gva g chv qµ g mvrv eb cöwµqv PjvKvjxb mg q mgv Ri m`m `i m ve c` ÿc wj wk wk Zv wpwýz Ki eb cwiez bi G R U wnmv e GB cöwµqvq Zv `i f~wgkv wk Zv Rvb Z cvi eb AvPiY cwiez bi G R U wnmv e Zv `i f~wgkvi mv _ cwikwíz cwiez b cöwµqvi cvpuwu avc wji ms hvm vcb Ki eb mgq: 1N Uv 55 wgwbu DcKiYmg~n cöwzwu ` ji Rb `Iqv j A bk dvukv RvqMv I Uc cwikwíz cwiez b Ljvi cöwµqv hv cwiwkó 1 G cviqv hv e: cö Z KwU ` ji Rb GKwU mu (cöwz ` j 5 _ K 6 Rb): GB Ljvi g a Av Q cwikwíz cwiez bi avc wji Rb KZK wj Kv Wi GKwU mu/kxu, GKwU mu nj cwiz bi G R Ui f~wgkvi Rb Ges Av ikwu mu nj mgv Ri jvk `i c` ÿ ci Rb AskMÖnYKvix `i `Iqvi mgq Kv W i muwu K G jv g jvfv e w` Z n e KvR 2 n vûavdu 1: cwikwíz cwiez b Ljvi cªwµqvi DËicÎ Ges cwiez bi cvupwu avc KvM R jlv cwiez bi cvupwu avc wji GKwU mu (c~e -m PZbZv, m PZbZv, cö wz, c` ÿc, iÿv Kiv/eRvq ivlv) g~j cwifvlv hv cwiwkó 2 G cviqv hv e (hviv GwU Kg kvjvi Av M cvbwb Zv `i Rb ) 47

49 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb ধ পmg~n ১. AvPiY cwiez bi (BC) Dci cöwzdjb / wpšív Kiv ১K. e vl v K i ejyb, Avgv `i cökí wj Z Avgiv wkfv e Av ivi Kvh Kifv e AvPiY cwiez bi KŠkj wj bkkv Ki Z cvwi muv `Lvi Av M cö_ g iæz c ~Y nj Avgiv hb Avgv `i wb R `i e w³mz AwfÁZvi w` K ZvKvB Avmyb Avgiv `wl Avgv `i wb R `i AvPiY cwiez b Kivi Rb Avgiv h Póv Kwi mlvb _ K Avgiv wk wkl Z cvwi 1L. cö Z K AskMÖnYKvix `i ejyb, Zv `i wb R `i Rxe b Zviv h GKwU cwiez b G b Qb (A_ev cwiez b Avbvi Póv K i Qb) Zv e w³mzfv e wpšív Kivi Rb hgb, Av ivi Nb Nb `vuz eªvk Kiv ev mvevb w` q nvz aviqv Zvici, Zv `i g b Ki Z ejyb mb cwiez buv Avbvi Rb Ges vqx Kivi Rb Zviv wk wk K i Qb k l, mb cwiez bwui mdjzv wb q wpšív Ki Z ejyb ১M. Gici, K qkrb K ejyb Zv `i wpšív kqvi Kivi Rb, bx Pi cökœ wj Kiæb: Avcwb wk cwiez b K i Qb ev wk cwiez b Kivi Póv K i Qb? GB cwiez bwu Kiv hv Z mnr nq m Rb Avcwb wk K i Qb? GB KvRwU Kiv KZUv mnr ev KwVb wqj? Kvb welqwu GB KvRwU K Av ivi mnr/kwvb K i Zz jwqj? cwiez bwu Avbvi Rb KZ mgq j MwQj? GB cwiez bwu Kivi ÿ Î wk Avcwb mdj n qwq jb? Kb? Kb bq? ১N. ejyb h, wkqz wkqz cwiez b mn RB Kiv hvq Ges Zv Kivi Rb cwikíbv Kivi cö qvrb nq bv, Ab w` K, wkqz wkqz AvPiY cwiez b Kiv ek KwVb Ges Gi Rb cwikíbv Kivi cö qvrb nq Avgv `i Kv R Avgiv mevb cwikwíz AvPiY cwiez bi G R U; Ges mb Kvi bb Avgv `i K cwikwíz cwiez bi cöwµqvi avc wj I GB cöwµqvq Avgv `i f~wgkv wk G wj m ú K Rvbv DwPZ ২. cwikwíz cwiez b cöwµqvi avc wj, G ÿ Î Avgv `i f~wgkv Ges mgv Ri jvk `i f~wgkv wk Zv wpwýz Kiv ২K. AskMÖnYKvix `i QvU ` j fvm Kiæb cöwzwu ` j cvup Rb K i _vk e Zvici cªwzwu `j K cwikwíz cwiez b Ljvi cöwµqvi cö_g muwui kxu wj w`b hv cwiwkó 1 G Av Q cö_g mu G Av Q cwiez b AR bi avc wj দল wj K cö_g muwu (Ges evkx `ybwu mu) G jv g jv 48

50 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb fv e w`b Ges AskMÖnYKvix `i Zviv h avcwu K huvi ci em e e j g b Ki Qb mbfv e avc wj K ch vqµ g `Iqv j Uc w` q jvwm q w` Z ejyb bvu: cwiwkó 1 G wzbwu mu mwvk ch vqµ g mvrv bv Av Q, AskMÖnYKvixiv mwvkfv e mu wj mvrv j ci Zv `L Z wvk GB ikg n e Ljvi cö wz biqvi mgq, mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i avivevwnkfv e mvrv bv mu _ K cöwzwu mu U b ei K i AskMÖnYKvix `i GKB mg q gvî GKwU mu w` Z n e (G jv g jvfv e) 2L. `j hlb cö_g m Ui KvW /KvMR wj avivevwnkfv e mvrv bv kl Ki e ZLb Zv `i wøzxq muwu w`b Ges ejyb h GUv nj Rb Mvwói c` ÿ ci Rb (cwiez bkvix) Zv `i DwPZ n e GB KvMR wj cwiez b AR bi avc wji bx P h wj BwZc~ e Zviv `Iqv j jvwm q Qb m wji bx P avivevwnkfv e emv bv ২M. Gici, Z Zxq mu Gi KvMR wj w`b Ges ejyb GUv nj cwiez b G R Ui f~wgkvi Rb AskMÖnYKvix `i DwPZ n e GB KvMR wj cwiez bkvixi KvMR wji bx P avivevwnkfv e mvrv bv hlb kl n e, ZLb avc wj mvwie fv e _vk e Ges cöwzwu av ci bx P Rb Mvwôi Ges cwiez b G R U `i f~wgkv ev c` ÿc wj _vk e ২N. me ` ji hlb wzbwu avc jvmv bv kl n e, ZLb Zv `i K Ab `i KvR `L Z ejyb Ges Zv `i djvdj wj Zzjbv Ki Z ejyb Gici, AskMÖnYKvix `i mwvk avivevwnkzvwu `Lvb cwikwíz cwiez b Ljvi cöwµqvi DËicÎwU cviqv hv e KvR 2 n vûavdu 1: cwikwíz cwiez b Ljvi cªwµqvi DËicÎ Ges cwiez bi cvupwu avc -G 2O. mnvqk/mnvwqkv cwiez b cöwµqvi Dci GKwU Av jvpbv cwipvjbv Ki eb bx Pi c Ökœ wj wrávmv K i: GB Abykxjb _ K Avcwb wk wk L Qb? GKwU mgv Ri ev AMÖvwaKvi ` ji cö Z KB wk GKB MwZ Z cwiez bi avc wji ga w` q hvq? এKevi hlb Kvb GKRb e w³ cwiez bi av ci GKwU wbwï ó ch v q cšqvq, ZLb wk wzwb KLbI Avevi Av Mi av c wd i Av mb? BC (AvPiY cwiez b) wk ekx Kvh Ki nq cwikwízfv e Ki j bvwk AcwiKwíZfv e Ki j? Avcwb wk g b K ib, Avcwb h cwiez b wj Avcbvi AMÖvwaKvi ` j ev cöfvek `j wj Z `L Z Pvb m wj wk Kvb ikg KvVv gvmz cwikíbv QvovB cökípjvkvjxb mg qi g a NU e? 49

51 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb 3. BC Gi cvupwu avc ৩K. AskMÖnYKvix `i K wrávmv Kiæb Zviv wk KLbI cwiez bi cvupwu avc m ú K ï b Qb wkbv, h wj nj: c~e -m PZbZv m PZbZv / Mfxi wpšív cö wz / wm vší MªnY c` ÿc iÿv Kiv ev ervq ivlv bvu: D jøl Kiæb h, gv S gv S cö_g `ybwu avc wj K Ôc~e -wpšívõ Ges ÔwPšÍvÕ avc ejv n q _v K 3L. AskMÖnYKvixiv hw` cwiez bi GB cvupwu av ci wel q Av MB ï b _v Kb Zvn j Zv `i K avc wji bvg ej Z ejyb Ges av ci bvg GKwU Kv W wj L `qv j jvwm q w` Z ejyb hw` Zviv G wel q Av M bv ï b _v Kb, Zvn j avc 3K G hfv e ZvwjKv `Iqv Av Q mbfv e cvupwu Kv W avc wji bvg wj L avc wji mv _ Zv `i cwipq Kwi q w`b e vl v K i ejyb h, Rb Mvwô I jv Kiv AvPiY cwiez bi Kvb av c ez gv b Av Q Zv wpwýz Kivi Rb d g wuf M elyv e envi Kiv h Z cv i KŠkj wj Av ivi fvjfv e bkkv Kivi Rb GB Ávb Avgv `i K mvnvh Ki e ৩M. cwiez bi cvupwu avc I wzb mu KvW wj hv AskMÖnYKvixiv wkqzÿy Av M gvî cwikwíz cwiez b Ljvi cöwµqvq mvwr q Qb G wji g a cvi úwik m ú K wbb q Kiæb GB cvi úwik m ú KwU `Lv bv n q Q KvR 2 n vûavdu 1: cwikwíz cwiez b Ljvi cöwµqvi DËicÎ Ges cwiez bi cvupwu avc - G ৩N. Hw QK: cö wz ch v q (GB ch v q AwaKvsk jvk Kg ^v Q ` eva K ib) Abykxj bi Rb cöwzwu QvU `j K Ggb GKwU AvPiY wpwýz Ki Z ejyb hv Zv `i mevi Kv Q cwiwpz Ges cö wz ch v q c o Ggb GKwU ev `ybwu welq m ú K ej Z ejyb 3O. AskMÖnYKvix `i wrávmv Kiæb: a~gcvb ^v i Rb ÿwzki GB wel q wk AwaKvsk jvk m PZb? e vl v Kiæb h, hw` Kvb Rb Mvwôi AwaKvsk jvkb GKwU mgm vi wel q BwZg a B m PZb _v K ev mb wel q Zv `i Ávb _v K Zvn j Avcbv K wkÿv Ges m PZbZv e w i Rb ekx mgq e q Ki Z n e bv e vl v Kiæb h, wba vwiz Rb Mvwôi AwaKvsk jvk AvPiY cwiez bi Kvb ch v q Av Q Zv wpwýz Kivi Rb ebmjvbb KPC Rwic wj nj GKwU DcKvix Rwic Uzjm & GwU Rvbvi ci, BC cwikíbvi GKwU Uzj hvi bvg nj AvPiY cwiez bi Rb 50

52 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb bkkv Zix ev DBC KvVv gv GwU e envi K i Avgv `i K AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv Zix Ki Z n e ৪. g~j cwifvlvi ZvwjKv hv cwiwkó 2 G Av Q, GwU hme AskMÖnYKvix `i Kv Q Kvb Kwc bvb Zv `i gv S weziy Kiæb Ges AskMÖnYKvix `i Kvb cökœ _vk j Zvi DËi w`b bvu: hw` Kvb byzb KvR ïiæ Kivi Av M mnvqk/ mnvwqkviv AskMÖnYKvix `i Kvb cö kœi DËi w` Z Pvb Zvn j mswÿßfv e DËi w`b Ges AskMÖnYKvix `i ejyb, h KvRwU GLb Kiv n e mb Kv Ri gva g G wel q Av ivi wek` e vl v cviqv hv e hw` m e nq, Kg kvjv PjvKvjxb mg q, cwiez bi cvupwu avc wj `Iqv j jvwm q ivlyb hv Z ciez x Z Avevi Avgviv GB cöwµqvwui Kv Q wd i Avm Z cvwi 51

53 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb KvR 2 n vûavdu 1 cwikwíz cwiez b Ljvi cöwµqvi DËicÎ Ges cwiez bi cvupwu avc: প রeZ b A R bi avc wj 1. c~e m PZbZv 2. m PZbZv 3. cö wz 4 c` ÿc 5. iÿv Kiv/eRvq ivlv (c~e -wpšív) (wpšív) mgm vwu wpwýz Kiæb cwiez bkvix Avwg Kvb mgm v `LwQ bv cwiez bi G R U আ ম GKwU Kvh µg cwipvjbv Kii hv Z অ শ হYক র iv সম wpwýz Ki Z cv ib বক wj R b wbb Ges Av ivi Z_ AbymÜvb Kiæb ক ন সম _vk Z cv i wkš Avgvi Av ivi Z_ I বক wj Rvbv `ikvi Avwg GKwU Kvh µg cwipvjbv Kie hv Z AskMÖnYKvixiv mgm vwu mgvav bi Rb wekí wj wpwýz Ki Z cv ib Ges G m ú K Av ivi Z_ c Z cv ib নত দ ত AR b Kiæb Ges m ú` I mvnvh wji my hvm MÖnY Kiæb আ ম নত কছ চ কর র জ ত, ক wkqz ব ধ আ Q Avwg GKwU Kvh µg cwipvjbv Kie hv Z AskMÖnYKvixiv wkfv e evav wj AwZµg Kiv hvq Ges wkfv e m ú` wji my hvmmyweav biqv hvq Zv wpwýz Ki Z cv ib bzyb P PvwU Ki Z চ কর আ ম নত PP vwu কর র চ কর ছ ক আ ম ফল ফ লর e vcv i ১০০% ন ত bb byzb PP vwu AvqË Kivi DcKvwiZv wj wk wk Ges hw` GUv AvqË Kiv bv nq Zvn j wk wk djvdj n Z cv i GB wel q Avwg GKwU Av jvpbv cwipvjbv Kie hv Z AskMÖnYKvixiv cwiewzbwu Ki Z DrmvwnZ nb byzb PP vwu wb q wpšív Kiæb Ges GUvi Dci Rvi w`b আম র প রব র ও সgv Ri jvk `i mvnvh I Aby cöiyvq Avwg mdj n Z cv i! cwiez bwu K vqx Kivi Rb ম গতfv e GwUi Dci Rvi `Iqv I mn hvwmzv `vb Kivi cª qvrb Av Q A b i mvnvh mn hvwmzvq PP vwu Pvwj q hvb cwiez buv hzÿy ch ší bv Avgvi GKUv Af v m cwiyz bv n Q ZZÿY ch ší Avgv K Póv Pvwj q h Z n e KviY Avgvi wek vm cwiez buv BwZevPK cwiez bwu gwbui Kiæb hv Z য় জন য় mvnvh এব ত সরবর হ Kiv hvq আপন র সফলত উদয পন কiæb n uv, Avwg GUv Ki Z cvi ev! AvPi Yi g a BwZevPK cwiez b Avbvi mdjzv K ^xk wz w`b Ges D`hvcb Kiæb 52

54 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb KvR 3: AvPiY cwiez b KvVv gvi ch v jvpbv AR bwfwëk D Ïk vejx GB Kv Ri k l AskMÖnYKvixiv: AvPiY cwiez bi bkkv Zixi (DBC) KvVv gvi wewfbœ Ask wpwýz Ki eb GKwU AvPiY cwiez b KŠkj bkkv Kivi Rb h avc wj অন সY Ki Z nq m wj Rvb eb cöavb wm vší wj biqvi mgq h g~j welq wj we epbv Kivi cö qvrb m wj ch v jvpbv Ki eb GKwU m ú~ Yfv e m úv`b Kiv DBC KvVv gv ch v jvpbv Ki eb সময়: ১ N Uv উপকরYmg~n KvR 3 wd cpvu 1: DBC KvVv gv (kã wj cö_ g X K ivlv n e Zvici avc 2L G D b vpb Kiv n e) KvR 3 wd cpvu 2: cvupwu DBC wm v šíi msáv KvR 3 n vûavdu 1: Lvwj DBC KvVv gv KvR 3 n vûavdu 2: m ú~y fv e m úvw`z DBC KvVv gvi D`vniY wj (K wl I cövk wzk m ú` [ANR] cök íi D`vniY wj: nvumgyimx e e vcbv I e ÿ ivcb; gv I wkï ^v Ges cywó [MCHN] cök íi D`vniY: (wkïi Qq gvm eqm ch ší ïaygvî ey Ki `ya LvIqv bv) KvR 3: n vûavdu 3: cwikíbv ˆZixi MvBW: DBC cöwµqvi avc wj KvR 3: n vûavdu 4: cvupwu ন তgvjv 53

55 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb ধ পmg~n ১. ভ মক: GKwU AvPiY cwiez b KŠk ji Dcv`vb wj ১K. AskMÖnYKvix `i wrávmv Kiæb: Avcwb hlb cök íi Rb AvPiY cwiez bi KŠkj bkkv Ki eb ZLb Avcbvi ez gvb cök íi wfwë Z Avcbv K Kvb g~j Dcv`vb wj K we epbv Ki Z n e? ১L. AskMÖnYKvixiv hlb cvupwu wm v šíi (AvPiY, AMÖvwaKvi `j ev cöfvek `j wj, wba vik wj, Kvh µg wji ms hvm vck wj, Ges Kvh µg wj ) mv _ m ú wkz Kvb wel q wkqz ej eb, ZLb m wj wd cpv U wj L ivlyb DBC KvVv gv m ú wkz DËi nvk ev bv nvk mkj ea DËi wji ZvwjKv Zix Kiæb Av ivi we ÍvwiZ KvVv gv Zix Kivi Rb AskMÖnYKvix `i Awfb `b Rvbvb ২. DBC KvVv gv ২K. DBC KvVv gvwu Dc vcb Kiæb Ges ejyb h, GKwU BC KŠkj bkkv Kivi mgq Ges ch v jvpbv Kivi mgq h wewfbœ welq wj Avgv `i we epbv Kiv DwPZ m wj hb Avgiv wpšív Ki Z cvwi mb e vcv i Avgv `i K mvnvh Kivi Rb GKwU Uzj Zix Kiv n q Q GB UzjwU nj DBC KvVv gv ২L. KvR 3 wd cpvu 1: DBC KvVv gv G Z h KvVv gv Av Q Zv `Lvb Avcwb hlb cöwzwu wm v šíi wel q K_v ej eb Ges GB wji wel q avc-1 G AskMÖnYKvixiv h DËi wj w` qwq jb m wji wel q hlb ej eb ZLb Pv U i wewfbœ Ask wj wbw` ó K i `Lvb AskMÖnYKvix `i Zv `i nv Z ÔKvR ৩ হয আআউট১: Lvwj DBC KvVv gvõgi h Kwc Av Q Zv AbymiY Ki Z ejyb ২M.KvR 3 wd cpvu 2: cvpuwu DBC wm vší Gi g a cöwzwu wm v šíi mswÿß ey bv Av Q, GwU e envi K i cöwzwu wm vší e vl v Kiæb ms ÿ c cöwzwu wm vší m ú K GKUz e vl v w`b Ges wkfv e G wj G K Ac ii mv _ m ú Khy³ mb wel q Av jvpbv Kiæb আচরY: DBC KvVv gv Z, AvPiY Gi g a D jøl _vk Z n e Kvi GB AvPiYwU Kiv DwPZ Ges wbwïó KZK wj wel qi ZvwjKv _vk Z n e hgb : KZUzKz, KZevi Ges KZ mgq a i AvPiYwU Aek B wbwï ó, cwigvc hvm Ges ch eÿy hvm n Z n e GLv b KZK wj AvPiY cwiez bi wee wz `Iqv nj: gwnjviv memgq gyimx wj eü K i iv L, gv qiv evox Z kvkmâxi MvQ jvmvq, K l Kiv cvnv oi cv` ` k MvQ jvmvq, Q j g qiv cöwzw`b cvqlvbvq gjg~î Z vm K i GKwU AvPiY wee wz jlv nq ÔeZ gvb KvjÕ G AvPiY K A bk mgq ÔPP võ ejv n q _v K Ges hlb AvPiY wj ev PP v wj h _ófv e evi evi Kiv nq ZLb Zv ÔAf vmõ G cwiyz nq 54

56 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb AMÖvwaKvi `j I cöfvek `j wj: AMÖvwaKvi `j ej Z mb jvk `i `j K evsv bv nq hv `i K Avgiv AvPiYwU AvqË Kivi Rb DrmvwnZ KiwQ mvaviyz AMÖvwaKvi `j K Avgiv Avgv `i wba vwiz Rb Mvwôi gv S Lyu R cvb ( hgb: gv qiv, K l Kiv), wkš DBC KvVv gvwu mevcö`vbkvix `i Rb I e eüz n Z cv i, Zviv Kg x ev ^ Qv mek n Z cv ib ( hgb: G Ubkb G R U, ^v mnvqzvkvix BZ vw`) AMÖvwaKvi `j K Avgiv QqwU wfbœ Dcv q msávwqz K i _vwk hv Avgv `i K eys Z mvnvh K i h wkfv e Avgiv Zv `i Rb Dchy³ Ges Kvh Kifv e cªkí Kvh µ gi cwikíbv Zix Ki Z cvwi Avgiv KvR - 5 G GB QqwU Dcv qi Dci Mfxifv e Av jvpbv Kie AMÖvwaKvi ` ji Kvb AvPiY AvqZ Kivi e vcv i AMÖvwaKvi ` ji Dci me P q ekx cöfve we Ívi Ki Z cv i e j h `jwu K AMÖvwaKvi `j wpwýz K i Zv KB cöfvek `j ejv nq mvaviyz, GKwU ev `ybwu cöfvek `j _v K hw` Zv `i cöfve Lye ekx kw³kvjx n q _v K Zvn j Zv `i KI Avgiv QqwU Dcv q ey bv Ki Z cvwi bvu: Avgv `i cöfvek `j Kviv Zv Rvb Z n j Avgv `i K Aek B Avgv `i AMÖvwaKvi ` ji Dci M elyv Ki Z n e (hv Avgiv c i Av jvpbv Kie) নধ র ক wj: wba vik wj nj GKRb e w ³i Abyf ~wz, wek vm A _ev Zvi cwi e ki AšÍ MZ Ab vb Dcv`vb wj hv Zv K GKwU AvPiY Ki Z mnvqzv K i ev evav `q ( hgb: nvumgyimxi Lvgv ii eov Zixi cö qvrbxq DcKiY cviqvi my hvm myweav bv _vkv) GB wji g a KvbwU me P q kw ³kvjx cöfvek Zv Avgiv M elyvi gva g Rvb Z cvwi ( hgb: AMÖvwaKvi ` ji m `m `i mvÿvrkvi MÖnY Kiv) Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj: g b ivlyb h, Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj K Av M Ôg~j welqõ ejv nz GKwU wba vik Kvb w` K cwipvwjz n e muvi wbwï ó ey bvb nj Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck ( hgb: Kg g~ j i eov `Iqvi DcKiY cviqvi my hvm myweav e w ) GUv nj wba vi Ki mv _ GKwU Kvh µ gi Ges wba vi Ki g a GKwU cwikwíz cwiez b GB Dfq w` KB GKUv m ú K (GUv K m~p Ki gz g b n Z cv i wkš GUv K kzkivq jlv nq bv Ges GUv K cök íi m~p Ki mv _ wj q djv DwPZ n e bv) wbe vwpz AvPiYwUi Rb iæz c~y Ggb cöwzwu wba vi Ki Rb memgq Kgc ÿ GKwU ms hvm vck jlv n q _v K ক h µg wj: ক h µg wj nj mb KvR wj hv cökí ev ÍevqbKvixiv Kvb wkqz AR b Kivi Rb mvaviyz AMÖvwaKvi `j ev cöfvek ` ji mv _ cwikíbv K i, msmwvz K i Ges /A_ev cwipvjbv K i Kvh µg wj ïiæ nq GKwU Kg wµqv Øviv hgb: ÔcÖwZwU MÖv g GKRb D ` v³vi Rb ÿz `ª FY `vb 55

57 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb Kiæb hv Z Zviv YMZgvb m úbœ I mvköqx g~ j gyimxi Lvevi Drcv`b I wewµ Ki Z cv iõ A_ev ÔZv ii eovi AwZwi³ weµq K `ª vcb Kiæb Õ 2N. e vl v K i ejyb h, hw`i mgm v wpwýz Kivi Rb GLv b Kvb Kjvg ivlv nq wb, wkš Avgiv Rvwb h GB avcwu AvPiY wpwýz Kiv K evav `q KviY, weávb (mvaviyz) Avgv `i e j h, AvPiY wj nj mb KvR wj hv mgm v mgvavb K i D`vniY ^iæc, wkï K Qq gvm eqm ch ší ïaygvî ey Ki `ya LvIqv bv Ges evowz Lvevi LvIqv bv nj Ggb KZK wj AvPiY hv cöz ÿfv e cywónxbzv K Ges c ivÿfv e wkïi iv Mi nvi I g Zÿ i nvi K Kgv Z mvnvh K i AskMÖnYKvix `i wrávmv K iæb: KLb mgm v wj K wpwýz Kiv nq? Kvb ch v q? Zv `i DËi niqv DwPZ: cwiw wz/ae v we køl Yi mgq ev cö Ívebv Zixi mgq Ges gv S gv S ev Íevq bi we ÍvwiZ cwikíbv ˆZixi mgq Ges /A_ev ebmjvbb Z _ msmö ni mgq GUv K cwi vifv e evsvi Rb wd cpv U AvPiY Kjv gi evg w` K Ômgm v wpwýzkiyõ bv g GKwU wpý Zix Kiæb ক R ৩ হয আআউট২: স ú ~Yfv e m úv`b Kiv DBC KvVv gvi D`vniY wj - GwU weziy Kiæb Ges Avcwb hlb AskMÖnYKvix `i D`vniY wj `Lv eb Ges Zv `i cö kœi DËi w` eb ZLb Zv `i K ejyb Kvb GKwU wbwï ó KvVv gv m ú K ej Z mnvqk/mnvwqkv GKwU D `vniy Av M _ KB wbe vpb K i ivl Z cv ib hwu wb q Zviv Av jvpbv Ki Z Pvb ২O. KvR 3 হয আআউট ৩: cwikíbv ˆZixi MvBW : DBC cöwµqvi avc wj - GwU weziy Kiæb AskMÖnYKvix `i mv _ GwU ch v jvpbv Kiæb Ges cöwzwu avc m ú K Kvb cökœ _vk j m wj Av jvpbv Kiæb 3. KvR 3 n vûavdu 4: cvpuwu bxwzgvjv- GwU Av jvpbvi gva g mvigg Zz j aiæb Ges cª kœi DËi w`b 56

58 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb KvR 3 wd cpvu 1 Lvwj DBC KvVv gv AvPiY AMÖvwaKvi `j ev cöfvek `j wj AMªvwaKvi `j: wba vik wj Kvh µg wji ms hvm vck wj Kvh µg wj cöfvek `j: m~pk: m~pk wj: GB DBC KvVv gvwu AED s BEHAVE KvVv gv _ K biqv n q Q 57

59 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb KvR 3 n vûavdu 1 Lvwj DBC KvVv gv AvPiY(K) GB AvPiYwU DbœxZ Kivi Rb... AMÖvwaKvi `j ev cöfvek `j wj (L)...GB Rb Mvwôi g a... (GKUv Z Mvj `vm w`b) AMªvwaKvi `j: wba vik wj (M) Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj (N) Kvh µg wj (O)...Avgiv GB wba vik wji Dci M elyv Kie......Ges GB Kvh µg wji ms hvm vck wj K DbœxZ Kie (AMÖvwaKvi DcKvwiZv Ges AMÖvwaKvi evav wj)......gb Kvh µg wj ev Íevqb Kivi gva g m~pk: cöfvek `j wj: *ïa~gvî M elyv Kivi gva gb G wj K wba viy Kiv m e m~pk wj: K. DbœxZ Kivi Rb KvbwU mywbwï ó, ev Íevqb hvm Ges Kvh Ki AvPiY? L. Kviv AMÖvwaKvi `j Ges cöfvek `j? (QqwU Dcv q ey bv Kiæb) M. GB ` ji Rb Kvb wj me P q iæz c~y wba vikmg~n hv AvPiY K cöfvwez K i? (wba vik wj nj: Dcj ^-ÿgzv/`ÿzv, Dcj mvgvwrk ixwzbxwz, Dcj BwZevPK djvdj, Dcj bwzevpk djvdj, my hvmmyweav, c` ÿc MÖn bi Rb Bw½Z/g b Kwi q `Iqv, Dcj ms e`bkxjzv, Dcj ZxeªZv/ iæzizv, Dcj Hk wik B Qv, bxwzgvjv Ges ms wz) N) Kvb Kvb Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj K DbœxZ Kivi cö qvrb Av Q? O) Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj K D Ïk K i KvR Kivi Rb Kvb Kvb Kvh µg wj ev Íevqb Kiv cö qvrb? GB DBC KvVv gvwu AED s BEHAVE KvVv gv _ K biqv n q Q 58

60 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb KvR 3 n vûavdu 2 স ú ~Yfv e m úvw`z DBC KvVv gvi D`vniY wj D`vniY 1: K wl I cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv (ANRM) cökí: nvumgyimx cvjb e e vcbv আচরY অ ধক রদল / cöfvek `j wj নধ র K wj Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj Kvh µg wj wba vwiz cövßeq cyiæl I gwnjviv hviv gyimx cvjb K i Zviv meসময় ম রগ wj ( eov w` q) eü K i iv L অ ধক র দল: প রব রi বয় ন র প র hviv ব ড় ত ম রগ vjb K ib cökí ïiæ mgq _ K GB me cwievi wj Z ২ বছ রর কম eqmx শশ ব গভর বত ম হল অথব ব ক দ ধ খ ওয় য় Gমন gv Av Q ত র ম ব স ক র এব ত দর অ ক য়কট ম রগ আ ছ h wj ez gv b Gw` K ও দ ক ঘ বড় য় এব র ত গ ছ ঘ ম প র Gব ন র উভ য়ই z j কছ পড় শ ন ক র ছ ত র সব ই Lv` নর প Pvq I fvj _vk Z Pvq Ges ত দর স ন `i Rb শ Dcj bwzevpk djvdj: Zviv wek vm K i h ম রগ wj ডম প ড় ব ক র দ ব Zviv wek vm K i h gyimx wj K Lvevi I cvwb w` Z A bk cwikög Ki Z n e Ges G Z A bk LiP n e Dcj ই তব চকফল ফল: Zviv ব ন দর হ ত Zv `i ম রগ wj হ র ব ন অস n q gyimx gviv hv e bv d j কম ত n e ম রগ wj ফসল ব ব গ ন ন কর ব ন 59 ১. GB Dcjwä Kgv Z n e h Lvqv o eü K i ivl j gyimx wwg cvov eü K i w` e ২. GB Dcjwä Kgv Z n e h Lvqv o eü K i ivlv ম রগi hzœ biqv A bk cwikög ও খi Pi e vcvi ৩. GB Dcjwä evov Z n e h Lvqv o eü K i gyimx cvjb KivUv A_ bwzkfv e jvfrbk ৪. বড় Zixi ^íg~ j i উপকরY cviqvi my hvmmyweav e w I vbxq DপকরY e envi Kivi `ÿzv e w ১. cöwzwu MÖv g GKwU cö`k bxi vb Zix Kiæb hlv b cwievi wj `L Z cv e gyimx wj wkfv e Lvov i AvUKv bv Ae vq e up _vk Q Ges eü cwi e k Zv `i gvwb q biqvi ÿgzv Av Q, Gi mv _ Kvh Ki e qi welqwui Zviv `L Z cvi e ২. এ দ ক gyimx cvjb Gi Rb DbœZ Rv Zi Lvevi, weï cvwb I wukv BZ vw`i e e v Kiæb 1 Ges 2. ক ষ সবx D ` v³v `i gyimx cvjb wel q (খ ওয় ন, প ন `Iqv, টক `Iqv) Ges ন য় উপকরY e envi K i Lvqvo ev LvuPv evbv bvi wel q cöwkÿy w`b wbqwgz gwbui Kiæb Ges Zv `i `ÿzv K Rvi`vi Kiæb hv Z Zviv Ab `i KI GB wel q wklv Z cv ib ২. Lvqv o eü K i nvumgyimx cvj bi DcKvwiZv wj K Rvi`vi Kiæb K v jûvi weziy Kivi gva g hlv b cöwz gv m GKwU

61 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb m~pk: mb me cwiievi wji শতকর hviv gyimx cvjb K i Ges mবসময় ম রগ wj K Lvqv o eü K i iv L Pvq ত র g b K i h ম রগ wj K Lvqv o eü K i ivl j Zviv h _ó Lvevi L Z cvi e bv অথব ত র Rv bbv wkfv e কম খর চ ম রগ খ ব র Zix Ki Z nq AMÖvwaKvi ` ji অ ধক শ jvk আচরY প রবতর নÔস চতনত Õ (wpšív) av c Av ছ টক `Iqvi জ ম রগ wj K ধর সহজ n e ক ষ কর চ ষর জ ম রগ আবজর ন স র হ স ব বহ র কর ত cvi e my hvmmyweav: বড় ব খ uচ নম র ন জ উপকর Yi Afve gyimxi Lvev ii LiP DcKv ii wel q D jøl _vk e ৩. ত ম একRb উ ক য গত এব ঋY সহ য়ত দb যv Z ত র vbxq I cybivq e envi hvm DcKiY e envi K i YMZ gvbm úbœ& I স য় ম i ম রগ খ ব র I cvwb I Lvevi ivlvi cvî Drcv`b I wewµ Ki Z cv i 3. hlb চ হদ ব ড় e ZLb K íi K wlwe`iv Zv ii eov wewµ Kivi Rb ন য় ব ত দর স ক জ কর ব m~pk: mdjfv e m úbœ Kiv cö`k bxi v bi msl v cà kbxi vb wj Z `L Z Avmv `k K `i msl v h cwievi wj Lvqv o eü K i gyimx cvjb Kivi cvkvkvwk DbœZ Dcv q nvumgyimxi hzœ biqvi GKwU ev ZviI ekx Af vm AvqË K i Q mb cwievi wji msl v KZ jv D ` v³v gyimxi Lvevi wewµ Ki Q Zv `i msl v 60

62 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb D`vniY 2: K wl I cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv (ANRM) cökí: cybivq MvQ jvmv bv আচরY অ ধক রদল / ভ বতদল নধ র K Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj Kvh µg wj অ ধক র দল : Dcj BwZব চক ফল ফল: বয় প র ষ ও ম হল য র প হ Rwg Z চ ষ ক র wba vwiz ক ষ কর hviv Xvjy Rwg Z Pvl ক রb Zviv ত দর প হ ড় Rwg Z গ ছ ল গ q Zviv ^ শ Z hviv QvULvU K wlkvr K i Ges ঋত প রবতর bi mgq ißvwb hvm dmj jvwm q ত দর জ বক নব হ র ক র Zviv Pvi n± ii Kg Rwgi gvwjk, wkš Gi g a wkqz Rwg cvnvox Ges wkqz Rwg ÿq n q M Q ত র চ য় ত দর স নর যন ভ ল জ বন প য় এব ত iv Avi ক ষক জ কর e bv ঋত cwiez bi mgq Ab RvqMvq Kv Ri Rb hvihv ব কর ত চ য় ধ ন খ ব র Gi তশ ল সরবর হ Pvq Zviv ব স ক i h hw` Zviv MvQ jvmv bvi g a mgq e q K i Z e Zv `i cwikö gi dj `L Z A bk Zviv ব স ক i h গ ছ ল গ ল fwel Z ল ন এব নম র ন স ম cviqv hv e, GUv ম য় ও ভ মস নয় ন Ki e, জলব য়i প রবতর ন রধ Ki e Ges GUv d লর উৎপ দন ব কর Z cv i Dcj bwzevpk djvdj: Zviv wek vm K i h ত iv h mgq I kög wewb qvm Ki e Zv wed j hv e KviY Mv Qi Pviv wj gviv hv e Zviv ব স K i h Mvছ ল গ ন i Rb h mgq e q Kiv n e Zvi d j খ শ ivc bi mgq K g hv e 61 ১. GB Dcjwä K Rvi`vi Kiv h GLb গ ছ ল গ ল ভ ব Z য jvf n e ত র জ ez gv b ক কর ট ব থ য ন ২. GB Dcjwä evwo q `Iqv h hw` Zviv mwvk fv e MvQ jvmv Z Rv b এব য wb Z Rv b Zvn j MvQ wj gviv hv e bv ৩. গ ছ ল গ ন র Rb e w³mzfv e hzuzkz mgq e q Ki Z nq mb mgquv Kwg q `Iqv ৪. গ ছ ল গ ন র জ Ab RvqMv wpwýz K i ফসল উৎপ দ নর cöwz হ ম কKwg q `Iqv ১. নম গ ছর বদ ল ফ লর গ ছ ল গ bv K Kvh Ki Kivi Rb প র কম রকতর দর স ক জ কর ; সই প রব র wj K প রত কর hviv ন দ র স ক MvQ jvwm q Qb Ges eo হওয় পয র Mv Qi iÿyv eÿy K i Qb (এUv mgv Ri jvk `i mv _I Kiv h Z cv i; এব Zv `i K GB wbðqzv `Iqv h cši bvm vix h wj webv g~ j A_ev Kg g~ j Pviv mieivn K i, d ji Mv Qi Pvivmn, mb bvmvix wji A_ vqb Ges iÿyv eÿy Kivi Rb GKwU `xn gqvw` cwikíbv Av Q ২. ত m± i MvQ jvmv bvi Dci QvU cö` kbxi e e v Kiæb hlv b wwªc m Pi উপয cöhyw³mz hš cvwz `Lv bv n e এই দশরনx wj zj wj Z hlv b MvQ jvmv bv nq mlv b evi evi `Lvb

63 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb mgq jvm e Zviv Rv b h cöwz eqi Zv `i Lvgv ii dmj Drcv`b Kg Q KD KD গ ছ র পY ক র ছ ক A b KB g b K i h Gi gv b nj mgq, kög I m ú` bó Kiv বশ র ভ M ম নর ভ ম য়র সম র wel q স চতন KD KD গ ছ র প নর বষ য় শ খ ছ Zviv ব স K i h MvQ wj Qvqv ত র K i এব প ন e envi K i Lv` k m i Drcv` b evavi m wó Ki e ৩. eq i GKw`b mgv Ri GKwU cvnvwo Rwg Z MvQ jvwm q GKwU mvgvwrk Abyôvb cvjb Kivi Rb cwievi wj K DrmvwnZ Kiæb প ল ম গ Q wj Z cvwb `Iqvi Rb Ges য biqvi Rb cwievi wj K msmwvz Kiæb (cwievi wj K DrmvwnZ Kivi Rb Kv Ri wewbg q Lv` Kg m~px e envi Kiv h Z cv i) m~pk: kzkiv gvu cwiev ii msl v hviv eq i Kgc ÿ MvQ jvmvq cöfvek `j cšimfvi KZ cÿ m~pk: cöwzeqi MvQ ল গ ন র আ গ wba vwiz GjvKvi cöwz m± i Ges z j gvu KZwU cö`k bx AbywôZ n q Q Zvi msl v (এক ট লক cöwkÿy cöwzôv b cöwkÿy mkb wj AbywôZ n e) gvu KZwU MvQ ïkbv ম স ম e up wqj m wji স 62

64 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb Dদ হরণ ৩: ম I শশ য I প (MCHN) cökí: wkï K Qq gvm eqm ch ší শ ধ ম ব কর দ ধ খ ওয় (EBF) আচরY অ ধক রদল / fvek দল wj নধ র K wj Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj ক য র ম wj অ ধক র দল: eyiæwûi gv qiv Dcj ন তব চক ফল ফল: hv `i 0-6 gvm eqmx wkïmšívb Av Q R b i ci _ K ïiæ K i Qq gvm eqm ch ší gv qiv Zv `i wkï `i ïaygvî ey Ki `ya LvIqvb Zviv MÖv g evm K i Zv `i অ ধক kb অ শ ত Zviv র বব র সকv ল গজর য য় Zviv cöwzw`bkvi mvsmvwik KvR wb q e Í _v K ত র ভ ল ম ও হ স ব wb R `i fve Z Pvq Zviv g b K i h তন ম m ci wkï K LvIqv bvi gz Zv `i Avi ey Ki `ya _v K bv Zviv চ রম স পয র শ ধ ম ব ক দ খ ওয় ন ক এর পর প শ প শ অ খ ব র `b Zv `i অ ধক শB ম য়র Rv b bv h EBF এব অপ র ম a GKUv m কর Av Q Dcj ঐ রক ই : ম য়র cökœ K i h, ত দর ধম য় নত iv/ঐ তহয ক এই আচরY K সমথ র ক র bv K i bv Dcj mvgvwrk ixwzbxwz: ম য়র ব স ক র য Zv `i gv qiv, শ ড়iv ও ম iv EBF PP v Kiv K সমথ র কর ব ন Dcj c` ÿc MÖnY ÿgzv: gv qiv ব স ক র য hw` Pvi gvm eq m wkï K Ab Lvevi `Iqv bv nq Zvn j wkï ধ Zথ ক 63 ১. GB Dcjwä e w Kiæb h, য শশ `i K Qq gvm eqm ch ší ïaygvî ey Ki `ya LvIqv bv nq bv mb wkïiv Acywó Z fzm Z cv i ২. GB Dcjwä e w Kiæb h Zv `i ধম য় নত র EBF Aby gv`b K ib Ges Zv `i ধম য়ঐ তহয EBF সমথ র নক ৩.GB Dcjwä e w Kiæb h Zv `i gv qiv, শ iv Ges ম iv EBF সমথ র ক র ৪. এই Dcjwä n«vm Kiæb h hw` wkï `i Qq gvm eqm ch ší ïaygvî ey Ki `ya LvIqv bv nq Zvn j Zviv ÿzav Z _vk e Ges Zv `i cywói Afve n e ১. য ম য় দর ^v evb I fvj Iজ নর শশ আ ছ Ges য র EBF PP v কর ছ এব EBF G wek vm K i Zv `i ক মউ ন / য K `ª wji wgwusg mvÿ `Iqvi Rb আম ন Rvbvb (wgwus qi ci Mf ciezx hzœ Ges wkï e w gwbuwis kmb _vk e) ২.DVvb evk wj Z wkï e w i PvU `Lvb Ges h wkï `i Qqgvm eqm ch ší ïa~gvî ey Ki `ya LvIqv bv n q Q mikg KZK wj wkï wkfv e my `ifv e e o DV Q Zv `Lvb Ges G `i mv _ Zzjbv K i cv_ K `Lvb mb wkï `i hv `i Qqgvm eqm ch ší ïaygvî ey Ki `ya LvIqv bv nq wb d j hviv w` b w` b IRb nviv Q ৩. পvলক/প র হ /Bgvg `i K EBF উপর wkfv e e³ Zv w` Z n e muvi wb Ï wkkvwu w`b Ges GwU wkfv e e envi Ki Z n e m wel q Zv `i cöwkÿy w`b ৪. র ডI Abyôvb kvbvi vb cö Z Kiæb

65 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb AvswkKfv e c` ÿc av ci g a Av Q ভ বK দল wj: শ ম h Abyôv b শ ড়র ও ম র ম য় `i K EBF PP v Kivi উৎস হত কর e Kqvi MÖæc fjvw Uqviiv (CGVs) hlb gv q `i EBF Gi Dci wkÿv `vb Ki eb ZLb mlv b শ x দর এব ম দi KI AšÍ f~³ Kiæb ম দর gv S GwU cöpvi Kiæb h EBF PP v কর ল Zv `i cwiev ii UvKv evup e Ges KZ ট ক Zviv evupv Z cvi e Zv `Lvb ৫. CGV `i gva g Ges cwievi cwi`k bi gva g gv q `i e vl v K i ejyb h শশ র ন ন ক র ন ক ক র; Kvbœv Kivi gv b memgq GB bq h wkïwu Lya vz wkï e w i PvU e envi K i gv q `i `Lvb h, h A bk wkïb hviv A bk Kvbœv K i Zviv wvkgz e o DV Q Ges Zv `i cywói Kvb Afve n Q bv (Av M _ KB Ggb wkï `i wpwýz K i ivlyb) Kvbœv Kiv wkï K _vgv bvi avivevwnk cöwµqvwu gv q `i klvb ( 64

66 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb AvDUKvg (djvdj) m~pk: wba vwiz gv q `i kzkiv msl v যviv Rb _ K Qq gvm eqm ch ší Zv `i wkï `i ïaygvî ey Ki `ya LvIqv Qb cöwµqvi m~pk: h gwnjviv mvÿ ï b Q Zv `i msl v cöwkÿycövß প লক দর স র ডও Abyôvb kvbvi v bi msl v CGV `i msl v Ges cwievi cwi`k bi msl v h wj Z Kvbœv Kiv wkï I EBF ন য়আ ল চন Kiv n q Q gv q `i msl v hviv wkïi Kvbœv _vgv bvi wel q cöwkÿy jvf K i Qb 65

67 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb KvR 3 n vûavdu 3 cwikíbv ˆZixi MvBW:DBC cöwµqvi avc wj 1. Av` k AvPi Yi msáv wbb q Kiæb (mymsmwvz AvPiY wee wz) 2. AMÖvwaKvi `j wpwýz Kiæb I ey bv Kiæb (RbZvwË K Z_ ) 3. M elyvi Dchy³ c wz wbe vpb Kiæb ( D`vniY ^iæc, evav we køly, Ôhviv K i/hviv K i bvõ vww) 4. M elyv cwipvjbv Kiæb (me P q iæz c~y wbav ik wj wpwýz Kivi Rb ) 5. M elyvi djvdj wj we køly Kiæb 6. AMÖvwaKvi ` ji msávwui mv _ Av ivi we ÍvwiZ Z_ hvm Kivi Rb Avcbvi M elyvi djvdj wj e envi Kiæb (QqwU Dcvq) 7. me P q kw³kvjx wba vik wj wpwýz Kiæb h wj cwiez b Avb Z mvnvh K i ev cwiez b K evav `q (evav we køly ev Ôhviv K iõ/ôhviv K i bvõ vwwi djvdj Abymv i) 8. cöfvek `j wji ey bv w`b 9. Kvh µg wji mv _ h me ÔKvh µ gi ms hvm vck wjiõ m ú K Av Q m wj K wjlyb 10. cök íi Rb mb me Kvh µg wj wbe vpb Kiæb h wj ÔKvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj KÕ D Ïk K i KvR Ki e (Kvh µg wj wbe vp bi Rb h gvb`û Av Q mwu AbymiY Kiæb) 11. Kvh KvwiZv gwbui Kivi Rb m~pk wj wba viy Kiæb (cöwkÿ Y GwUi ey bv `Iqv nq wb) 12. AvPiY cwiez b KŠkjwU m ú~ Y Kiæb we ÍvwiZ ev Íevqb cwikíbvmn (D`vniY ^iæc, mgqmxgv, ev RU, cöwkÿ Yi cwikíbv wj BZ vw`) 13. hw` cö qvrb nq GKwU hvmv hvm cwikíbv ˆZix Kiæb (hw` KŠk ji Ask wnmv e hvmv hv Mi Kvh µg wj K wpwýz Kiv n q _v K) 66

68 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb KvR 3 n vûavdu 4 cvupwu bxwzgvjv 1. hv iæz c~y Zv nj c` ÿc MÖnY Kiv (wek vm ev Ávb bq) 2. Avcbvi AMÖvwaKvi `j K Zv wvkgz Rvbyb Ges mewkqz Zv `i ` wófw½ Z `Lyb 3. jv Kiv c` ÿc MÖnY K i hlb Zviv DcKvi cvq; Kvb evav _vk j Zv jvk `i Kvb wkqz Kiv _ K weiz iv L 4. Avcbvi mkj Kvh µg wji DwPZ n e me P q iæz c~ Y DcKvwiZv wj Z e w Kiv Ges me P q iæz c~ Y evav wj K n«vm Kiv 5. cögv Yi Dci wfwë K i Avcbvi wm vší wj wbb, Abygv bi Dci wfwë K i bq, Ges wbqwgz PK ev cixÿv Kiæb cvupwu bxwzgvjvi n vûavduwu AED Øviv Zix Kiv DcKiY _ K biqv n q Q 67

69 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb KvR ৪ : ev Íevqb hvm I Kvh Ki AvPiY wbe vpb Kiv I msávwqz Kiv avc 1, 2 I 3 AR bwfwëk D Ïk vejx GB Kv Ri k l AskMÖnYKvixiv: Zviv Zv `i wkÿvi cª qvrbxqzv I m ú ` hvpvb (LNRAs) G hme AvPiY wj D jøl K i Qb m wji Dchy³Zv g~j vqb Ki eb mymsmwvzfv e GKwU AvPiY বব তwjL eb wewfbœ AvPiY wji h cvi úwik Amyweav Av Q m wj gyj vqb Ki eb সময়: 2 N Uv 20 wgwbu DcKiYmg~n KvR 3 wd cpvu 1: DBC KvVv gv KvR 3 wd cpvu 2: cvupwu DBC wm v šíi msáv KvR 4 wd cpvu 1: AvPiY wk? m~pk wji D `vniy, BbwW KUi cvidi gý UªvwKs Uwej (IPTTs) A_ev jwrkvi d«giqv K _ K, we klfv e hw` AskMªnYKvix `i Kv Q Kvb D`vniY bv _ K _v K mnvqk `i Rb bvu GB Kv Ri gvsvgvws Kvb mg q AskMÖnYKvix `i 15 wgwb Ui GKwU weiwz w`b avcmg~n ১. ভ মক ১K. e vl v K i ejyb, GLb Avgiv AvPiY cwiez bi bkkv Zixi (DBC) KvVv gvi cö Z KwU Ask Avjv`v Avjv`v K i Ges we ÍvwiZ fv e cixÿv Kiv ïiæ Kie GUv Kivi mgq Avgiv wkqz Abykxjb Kie Ges Avgv `i wb R `i DBCKvVv gv Zix Kie ২.AvPiY wee wz ২K. KvR 3 wd cpvu 1: DBC KvVv gv hwu GLbI `qv j UvOv bv Av Q mwu `Lvb Ges e vl v K i ejyb, GLb Avgiv cö_g wm v šíi Dci KvR Kie: DBC ক ঠ ম wu e envi K i Avgiv Kvb AvPiYwUi Rb GKwU KŠkj Zix Ki Z PvB? 68

70 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb 2L. AskMÖnYKvix `i wrávmv Kiæb: GKwU AvPiY K cwi vifv e Ges GKwU wbwï ó Dcv q msávwqz Kiv Avgv `i Rb Kb iæz c~ Y? Zv `i DËi niqv DwPZ: hv Z Avgiv mevb GKgZ nb h wvk wk cwiez b Avgiv Avb Z PvB Ges Gi Rb wkfv e cwikíbv Ki Z n e Ges wkfv e cwiez bwu gwbui Ki Z n e m m ú K hv Z Avgiv Rvb Z cvwi 2M. KvR 3 wd cpvট র ২: cvupwu DBC স র msáv Ges KvR 4 wd cpvu 1: AvPiY wk?- GwU cybivq UvOvb Ges e vl v K i ejyb h, GKwU DBC KvVv gvi g a ÔAvPiYÕ K mvaviyz cöyqb Kiv n q _v K wb œwjwlz welq wji Øviv: ১) wba vwiz Rb Mvwô ২) ez gvbkvj G Kg wµqv ৩) we ÍvwiZ weeiy ( hgb: KZevi, KZUzKz/ cwigvy, mgqkvj...) D`vniY: Mf ezx gwnjviv Pvievi cömec~e hzœ welqk civg k (ANC) hvm`vb K ib, h wji g a cö_geviwu Mf ve vi cö_g wzbgv mi g a Kiv nq ২N. AskMÖnYKvix `i wrávmv Kiæb, Zv `i cövmövg wj Kvb AvPiY wj ev PP v wj K DbœxZ Ki Q m wel q Avgiv wkfv e Rvb Z cvwi Zviv wk ai bi cªvmªv gi Dci KvR Ki Qb muvi Dci wbf i K i Zv `i DËi wj kl ch ší AvPiY wji ev PP v wji ZvwjKv wnmv e cövmöv gi m~pk wj K Ges IPTT, jwrk vj d«giqvk ev irvë d«giq vk K wb Ï k Ki e ৩. AvPiY wj msávwqz Kiv Ges AvPi Yi wee wz wj jlv ৩K. AskMÖnYKvix `i QvU QvU ` j fvm Kiæb Ges Zv `i K Zv `I IPTT, bkkvi KvVv gv wj ev gwbuwis I g ~j vqb cwikíbv _ K mgvb msl K m ~PK w`b cöwzwu m~p Ki Rb Zv `i wm vší wb Z n e h GUv wk Kvb AvPiY K ey bv K i wkbv, GUv wk KZK wj AvPi Yi wgköy wkbv ev GUv K wk Av ivi Kvbfv e msávwqz Kivi cö qvrb Av Q wkbv ৩L. QvU ` j KvR Kivi Av M cy iv `j K GB D`vniY wb q KvR Ki Z mvnvh Kiæb IPTT স K D`vniY: kzkiv cwiev ii msl v hv `i dmj msmö ni ciez x mg q h _ó cwigv Y dmj grỳ Av Q AskMÖnYKvix `i wrávmv Kiæb: wd cpvu wui msáv Abyhvqx GUv wk GKwU AvPiY? Kb ev Kb bq? AvPiYwU wk ev AvPiY wj K wk GB m~pkwui Dci wfwë K i Zix Kiv n q Q? DËi niqv DwPZ: AvPiYwU nj dmj msmö ni ciez x mg qi Rb GKwU KxUcZ½gy³ gryzvmvi wbg vb Kiv A_ev GKwU Lv` gryzvmvi Kbv GB `ybuvi g a h Kvb GKUv nj Avgv `i PzovšÍ jÿ, mb Kvi Y GUvB nj AvPiY hv Avgiv DbœxZ Ki Z PvB AskMÖnYKvix `i wrávmv Kiæb GUv K wkfv e GKwU ÔAvPiY wee wzõ wnmv e jlv hvq hv wd cpv U i gvb`û Abyhvqx n e Ges Zv `i K byzb AvPiY wee wz wjl Z ejyb 69

71 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb 3M. QvU `j wj Zv `i K IPTT ev bkkvi KvVv gv _ K h m~pk wj `Iqv n qwqj m wj ch v jvpbv Kiv, m wj K msávi wecix Z g~j vqb Kiv, wd cpv U mwvkfv e AvPiY wee wz wj jlv GB KvR wj Pvwj q hv e 3N. `j wj hlb Zv `i KvR kl Ki e, ZLb Zv `i K eo ` j Zv `i jlv wee wz wj Dc vcb Ki Z ejyb QvU `j wj hlb kqvi Ki e, ZLb GKwU AvPi Yi msávi Dci Ab vb AskMÖnYKvixiv h wewfbœ gzvgz w` eb m wj Zzjbv Kiæb, cö qvrb n j msávwu Avevi wjlyb 3O. Hw QK: hw` AwaKvsk jv KiB IPTT ev bkkvi KvVv gv mv _ bv _v K KvR Kivi Rb, hw` AvPiY wj BwZg a B cwi vifv e jlv n q _v K A_ev cwi vifv e AvPiY wee wz wj jlvi Rb Avcwb Zv `i K Av iv my hvm w` Z Pvb, Zvn j bx Pi h Kvb GKwU Dcvq e Q wbb fvjfv e jlv nqwb Ggb AvPi Yi D`vniY wji ZvwjKv Zix Kiæb ev AskMÖnYKvix `i w`b (m ez LNRA _ K wb Z cv ib) Ges `j wj K/e w³ `i K m wj K cybivq mwvkfv e wjl Z ejyb AvPi Yi wewfbœ cökvi ev köbxi ZvwjKv Zix Kiæb ev AskMÖnYKvix `i w`b Ges `j wj K ev e w³ `i K m wji mv _ m ú K i L AvPiY wee wz wjl Z ejyb wewfbœ cökv ii AvPi Yi g a Av Q K wl, cïcvjb, cövk wzk m ú`, wkïi cywó, gv q `i cywó, cörbb msµvší ^v, GBP AvB wf GBWm&, g v jwiqv Ges nvbwrb BZ vw` AskMÖnYKvix `i GB Hw QK Abykxjb _ K Zv `i AvPiY wee wz wj kqvi Ki Z ejyb Ges cª qvrbgz Zv `i ms kvab Kiæb 70

72 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb KvR 4 wd cpvu 1 AvPiY wk? আচরY nj... ১ GKwU KvR 2 ch eÿb Kiv hvq 3 wbwï ó (mgq, vb, cwigvy, mgqkvj, KZevi) 4 cwigvc hvm 5 ev Íevqb hvm / m eci bvu: ïaygvî mb AvPiY wji Dci DBC KvVv gv Zix Kiæb h wj mivmwifv e DbœZi djvd ji mv _ hy³ hlb Kvb AvPiY Kv iv Kv Ri mv _ m ú wkz nq ( hgb, GKRb ^v Kg x GKwU wkïi g a wec` wpý cixÿv K i `L Qb) ev K wlkv Ri Kvb GKUv Ask nq, ZLb GUv K Avgiv ÔPP või ej Z cvwi GB kã wj GKUvi cwie Z Av ikuv e eüz n Z cv i 71

73 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb cö_g w` bi g~j vqb (wd cpvu A_ev n vûavdu) AvR K Avcwb mvivw ` b h KvR wj Z AskMÖnY K i Qb m wji cö Z KwUi cöwz Avcbvi mvgwmök mš wó Kgb wqj Zv wb Ï k Kiæb Ges GB KvR wj DbœZ Kivi wel q Avcbvi Kvb aviyv _vk j Zv w`b KvR 2: AvPiY cwiez b cwiwpwz: Avgv `i f~wgkv I cwikwíz cwiez bi cöwµqv Lye অস wkqzuv অস wbi cÿ wkqzuv স Lye mš ó GB KvR DbœZ Kivi Rb civgk : KvR 3: DBC KvVv gvi ch v jvpbv Lye অস wkqzuv অস wbi cÿ wkqzuv স Lye mš ó GB KvR DbœZ Kivi Rb civgk : KvR ৪ : ev Íevqb hvm I Kvh Ki AvPiY wbe vpb Kiv I msávwqz Kiv avc 1, 2 I 3 Lye অস wkqzuv অস wbi cÿ wkqzuv স Lye mš ó GB KvR DbœZ Kivi Rb civgk : 72

74 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb AvR Ki me P q mvnvh c~y welqwu wk: h welqwu wb q Avwg GLbI wøavwš^z: wd cpvu e envi Kivi mycvwik Kiv nj, KviY Avcwb nq Zvev Kv Ri Rb wfbœ ZvwjKv/mgqm~Px e envi Ki eb 73

75 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb Kg kvjvi wøzxq w`b 74

76 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb ch v jvpbv Kivi Abykxjbx: Mvb ˆZix Kiæb! AR bwfwëk উ vejx GB Kv Ri k l AskMÖnYKvixiv: Av Mi w` b Zviv hme welq wk LwQ jb m wji Dci GKUv Mvb ˆZix Ki eb Ges MvbwU MvB eb AvR Ki w` bi mgqm~wp I D Ïk vejx ch v jvpbv Ki eb সময়: ৪০ ম নট উপকরYmg~n AvR Ki w` bi mgqm~px AvR Ki w` bi D Ïk vejx cö_g w` bi g~j vq bi gšíe wji mvigg avcmg~n ১. AskMÖnYKvix `i cvuprb K i ` j fvm Kiæb `j wj K Av Mi w`b Zviv h welq wj wk LwQ jb m wji Dci wfwë K i GKwU Mvb ipbv Ki Z ejyb ২. AskMÖnYKvixiv MvbwU ipbv Kivi Rb 10 wgwbu mgq cv eb cöwzwu `j Zv `i iwpz MvbwU Mv e ৩.AskMÖnYKvix `i mv _ AvR Ki w` bi mgqm~px I D Ïk vejx ch v jvpbv Kiæb ৪. cö_g w` bi g~j vq b _ K AskMÖnYKvix `i gšíe wji mvigg Dc vcb Kiæb cö qvrb n j, mgqm~px cwiez b Kiæb Ges AskMÖnYKvix `i cö kœi DËi w`b 75

77 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb KvR 4: ev Íevqb hvm Ges Kvh Ki AvPiY wbe vpb Kiv Ges msávwqz Kiv, avc 4 I 5 AR bwfwëk D Ïk vejx GB Kv Ri k l AskMÖnYKvixiv: Zv `i wkÿvi cö qvrbxqzv Ges m ú` hvpvb (LNRA) Zviv h AvPiY wji K_v D jø L K i Qb m wji Dchy³Zv g~j vqb Ki eb fvjfv e msávwqz GKwU AvPiY wee wz wjl eb wewfbœ AvPi Yi h cvi úwik Amyweav Av Q m wj g~j vqb Ki eb সময় ৩০ ম নট উপকরYmg~n KvR ৪ পচ ট র ২: T PvU G mnr I KwVb AvPiY wj QvU `j wji Rb wd cpvu ccvi I gvk vi KvR ৪ পচ ট র ৩: Kv Ri mswÿß welqe avcmg~n ১. AvPi Yi gvb`û ১K. AskMÖnYKvix `i wrávmv Kiæb ez gv b Zviv Zv `i cök í KqwU AvPiY DbœxZ Kivi KvR Ki Qb AskMÖnYKvix `i wrávmv Kiæb: GB mg Í AvPiY _ K, AvPiY cwiez bi bkkv Zixi (DBC) KvVv gv Z GKwU AvPiY cwiez b (BC) KŠkj ˆZixi Rb Kvb AvPiYwU Avcwb wbe vpb Ki eb m wel q Avcwb wkfv e wm vší wb eb? Zv `i DËi niqv DwPZ: hw` Avcwb cöwzwu AvPi Yi Rb GKwU K i KŠkj ˆZix Ki Z bv cv ib (hv Ki Z cvi j fvj nq, wkš A b Ki Rb KwVb n e), m ÿ Î wekí nj we klfv e mb AvPiY wji Rb GwU e envi Kiv h AvPiY wj cwie Zb Kiv KwVb, AZx Z cwiez b Kivi Póv Kiv m Ë I cwiez b Kiv m e nqwb ev h wji DÏxcK/mwµqK (enablers) Ges evav wj cwiez b Kiv hv e wkbv mb wel q Avcwb wbwðz bb ১L. AskMÖnYKvix `i Zv `i cökí _ K GKwU AvPi Yi bvg ej Z ejyb huv AvqZ Kiv mnr Zvici, Zv `i K Ggb GKUv AvPi Yi bvg ej Z ejyb huv AvqZ Kiv KwVb GB wj wd cpv U wjlyb 76

78 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb AskMÖnYKvix `i wrávmv Kiæb: Kb GKwU AvPiY AvqZ Kiv mnr Ges Ab wu KwVb? AskMÖnYKvixiv hlb Zv `i e vl v w` eb, ZLb Zv `i DËi wj K ZzjbvgyjK fvlvq iæcvšíi Kiæb Ges m wj K KvR 4 wd c PvU 2: T- PvU G mnr Ges KwVb AvPiY wj G Z wjlyb hwu Z `ybwu Kjvg _vk e: GKwU mnr AvPiY wji Rb Ges Ab wu KwVb AvPiY wji Rb GB avibvwui wel q ejyb h, wkqz wkqz AvPi Yi Ggb KZK wj ewkó _v K h wji Kvi b Ab vb AvPiY wji PvB Z mb AvPiY wj K AvqZ Kiv ev DbœxZ Kiv KwVb Ges cwiez bi G R U wnmv e hlb Avgiv DbœxZ Kivi Rb Kvb AvPiY wbe vpb Kwi ZLb Avgv `i K GB welqwu g b ivl Z n e AskMÖnYKvix `i wrávmv Kiæb: Kb GwU iæz c~y? Zv `i DËi niqv DwPZ: AvPiYUv hz KwVb, GwU K DbœxZ KivI ZZB KwVb Ges cwiez b Avbvi Rb I ZZ ekx mgq jvm e 1M. eo ` ji mv _ KvR K i Ges KvR 4 wd cpvu 2 wu e envi K i, KZK wj ˆewk ói GKwU ZvwjKv ˆZix Kiæb h wj GKwU AvPiY K AvqZ Kiv K ev DbœxZ Kiv K mnr K i Zv j ev KwVb K i Zv j GB ˆewkó wj T Pv U wjlyb ১N. AskMÖnYKvix `i H ewkó wjmn cöwzwu ewk ói Rb GKwU K i AvPi Yi D`vniY w` Z ejyb hzÿy ch ší bv bx Pi me AvPi Yi ˆewkó wj ZvwjKvf~³ Kiv bv nq ZZÿY ch ší AskMÖnYKvix `i Zvov w` Z _vkzb (GB ZvwjKvwU T Pv U i Rb e envi Kiæb): AvqZ Kiv mnr ïay একব র `ÿzvi cö qvrb bvb ZvrÿwbK BwZevPK djvdj Kvb LiP bvb Kg mgq cª qvrb mvgvwrk ixwzbxwzi mv _ Lvc Lvq m ú`/dckiy memgq cviqv hvq GKRb jv Ki cö qvrb nq gvî GKwU avc Kg KvwiMix AvqZ Kiv KwVb Pjgvb/ Nb Nb RwUj `ÿzvi cö qvrb wejw ^Z djvdj (ev ZvrÿwbK bwzevpk djvdj) cöpzi LiP A bk mg qi cö qvrb mvgvwrk ixwzbxwz we ivax m ú`/dckiy memgq cviqv hvq bv A bk jv Ki cö qvrb nq অ নক wj ধ প DbœZ KvwiMix ১O. এই KvRwU kl Kiæb GB e j h, GKwU AvPiY AvqZ Kiv mnr bv KwVb Zv we køly Ki j GwU cök íi ev ÍevqbKvix `i K DBC KvVv gv Z Zviv Kvb AvPiYwU e envi Ki eb mb wel q wm vší wb Z mvnvh K i; hw` Zv `i c ÿ mkj AvPi Yi Rb DBC KvVv gvwu e envi Kiv m e bv nq 77

79 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb ২. GKwU AvPiY DbœxZ Kivi me P q fvj Dcvq wj wpwýz Kivi ÿ Î wkfv e mgv Ri jvk `i RwiZ Kiv hvq mb wel q mswÿß Av jvpbv K i kl Kiæb gv S gv S, cökí PjvKvjxb mg q, GKwU mwvk AvPiY wbe vpb Kivi ÿ Î mgv Ri jvk `i Bbcy Ui cö qvrb n Z cv i G ÿ Î wekí n Z cv i, Zviv Kvb welq wj cwiez b Ki Z Pvq m wji Dc i dvkvm MÖæc wwmkvkb (FGDs) cwipvjbv Kiv, A_ev cwrwuf Wwf qý BbKzqvix (PDI) A_ev Uªv qj Ad Bg cövwfs cö vw±m (TIPS) wji gva g mgv Ri KvQ _ K WvUv biqv এ Awa ek bi ম ল welq wji mvigg Kiæb Ges G wj KvR 4 wd cpvu 3: Kv Ri mswÿß welqe wjlyb: 1. hv iæz c~y Zv nj jvk `i c` ÿc MÖnY Kiv 2. AvPiYwU K Aek B n Z n e ch eÿb hvm, cwigvc hvm, wbwï ó Kvb cöÿvc Ui wfwë Z, ev Íevqb hvm Ges GKwU BwZevPK djvdj c Z mvnvh K i Ggb (Kvh Ki) 3. h AvPiYwU Avcwb DbœxZ Ki Z Pv Qb mb AvPiYwU msávwqz Kivi mgq WvUv e envi Kiæb; Abygv bi Dci wfwë K i Ki eb bv! 4. GKwU AvPiY DbœxZ Kivi me P q fvj Dcvq wj wpwýz Kivi mgq mgv Ri jvk `i gzvgz/civgk wbb GK`g ïiæ _ KB Zv `i mg_ b/wek vm AR b Kiæb! 78

80 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb KvR 4 wd cpvu 2 T চ U G mnr Ges ক ঠনAvPiY wj AvqZ Kiv mnr AvqZ Kiv KwVb 79

81 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb KvR 5: AMÖvwaKvi `j Ges cöfvek `j wj AR bwfwëk D Ïk vejx GB Kv Ri k l AskMÖnYKvixiv: wewfbœ ` wófw½ wpwýz Kiv PP v Ki eb QqwU Dcv q AMÖvwaKvi `j Ges/A_ev cöfvek `j wj ey bv Ki eb AMÖvwaKvi `j Ges cöfvek ` ji ˆewkó wj wkfv e AvPiY cwiez bi (BC) KŠkj wbe vpb Kiv K cöfvwez K i Zv ey bv Ki eb সময়: ২ ঘ ৩৫ ম নট উপকরYmg~n KvR 3 wd cpvu 1: DBC KvVv gv KvR 3 n vûavdu 2: m ú~y fv e m úvw`z DBC KvVv gvi D`vniY wj KvR 5 wd cpvu 1: AMÖvwaKvi I cöfvek `j wj wk? GKwU AvPiY Ges AMÖvwaKvi `j ev cöfvek `j K wb Ï k K i Ggb KZK wj KvW KvR 5 n vûavdu 1: Avcbvi AMÖvwaKvi `j Ges cöfvek `j wj K ey bv Kivi QqwU Dcvq KvR 5 n vûavdu 2: AMÖvwaKvi `j K ey bv Kivi QqwU Dcv qi D`vniY KvR 5 n vûavdu 3: Lvwj Iqv KkxU: Avcbvi AMÖvwaKvi `j K ey bv Kivi QqwU Dcvq hw` avc 4L wekí 1 e Q biqv nq: wkqz gvby li Qwe, GB Abykxj b e envi Kivi Rb Ges GKwU GjwmwWw Œb ev Qwe wji wcö U Kwc hw` avc 4L wekí 2 e Q biqv nq: Bb W KvW wji mv _ wbe vwpz AvPiY wj ( h wj Avmj WvUvi wfwë Z Kiv n q Q) এব KvR ৬ হয আআউ ৪: wekí ২: AvPiY wji cöwz Rb Mvwôi mvov 80

82 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb mnvqk `i Rb bvu GB Kv Ri gvsvgvws Kvb mg q AskMÖnYKvix `i 15 wgwb Ui weiwz w`b avcmg~n ১.ভ মক 1K. e vl v K i ejyb, Avgiv AvPiY cwiez bi bkkv Zixi (DBC) KvVv gvi Dci KvR Pvwj q hvw Q AskMÖnYKvix `i KvR 3 wd cpvu 1: DBC KvVv gv `L Z ejyb huv GL bv `Iqv j Szjv bv Av Q, Ges Zv `i wrávmv Kiæb DBC KvVv gvi Kvb Ask wb q GLb Avgiv KvR KiwQ Zv `i DËi niqv DwPZ: AMÖvwaKvi `j I cöfvek `j wj ২. AMÖvwaKvi `j wj এব ভ বK `j wj ২K.Avmyb Avgiv DBC KvVv gvi wøzxq wm všíwu Av ivi fvjfv e `wl AskMÖnYKvix `i wrávmv Kiæb: Kviv AMÖvwaKvi `j Ges Kviv cöfvek `j? AskMÖnYKvix `ikvr 5 wd cpvu 1: AMÖvwaKvi I cöfvek `j wj wk? GwU `Lvb Ges GB `ywu k ãi A_ ch v jvpbv Kiæb Ges KvR 3 n vûavdu 2: m ú~y fv e m úvw `Z DBC KvVv gvi D`vniY wj - GwUI AskMÖnYKvix `i `Lvb ২L. e vl v K i ejyb, AvPiYwU Kivi Rb h e w³iv `vqe Zv `i K wb q AMÖvwaKvi `jwu MwVZ nq KLbI KLbI GKUz weåvwšíi m wó nq hlb AvPiYwU GKwU wkïi cöwz Kiv nq ( hgb, ey Ki `ya LvIqv bv, wukv `Iqv, gkvixi wfz i Nygv bv) GBme ÿ Î gv ev whwb `Lv kvbv K ib Zviv n jb AMÖvwaKvi `j ২M. cöfvek `j nj mb `j hviv AvPiYwU Kivi e vcv i AMÖvwaKvi `jwui Kvb c` ÿc MÖnY Kiv K mivmwi cöfvwez K i ev wbqš b K i A bkrbb _vk Z cv i hviv AMÖvwaKvi `j K cöfvwez Ki Z Pvq hgb, G Ubkb G R U A_ev ^v Kg x wkš Avgv `i mb jvk `i AMÖvwaKvi w` Z n e hv `i Avgv `i g~j AvPiYwU Kivi e vcv i ez gv b AMÖvwaKvi ` ji Dci me P q ekx mivmwi cöfve i q Q ( hgb, mn-k l Kiv, k vïwo) Avcwb AMÖvwaKvi ` ji g a M elyv cwipvjbv K i cöfvek `j K wpwýz Ki Z cvi eb ৩. AMÖvwaKvi `j I cöfvek `j Gi ˆewkó Ges cöfve ৩K. e vl v K i ejyb, GKwU Kvh Ki BC KŠk ji bkkv ˆZix Kivi Rb Avcbv K Avcbvi AMÖvwaKvi `j m ú K Lye fvjfv e Rvb Z n e Ges h cöÿvc U AvPiYwU PP v Kiv n e mb cöÿvcuwu we epbvq ivl Z n e Avgiv DBC KvVv gvi ÔAMÖvwaKvi `jõ KjvgwU e envi Kie 81

83 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb Avgv `i wba vwiz Rb Mvwô K hzuv m e we ÍvwiZfv e ey bv Kivi Rb hv Z AvPiYwU DbœxZ Kivi Rb hlb Avgiv me P q Kvh Ki Kvh µg wji bkkv Zix Kie ev Kvh µg wj K wbe vpb Kie ZLb hb GB Z_ wj Avgiv e envi Ki Z cvwi ৩L. AskMÖnYKvix `i KvR 3 n vûavdu 2: m ú~y fv e m úvw`z DBC KvVv gvi D`vniY wj - GwU `L Z ejyb, Ges AMÖvwaKvi `j wji ey bv wj co b AskMÖnYKvix `i wrávmv Kiæb Zviv GB ey bvi g a wk jÿ K i Qb ৩M. KvR 5 n vûavdu 1: Avcbvi AMÖvwaKvi `j Ges cöfvek `j wj K ey bv Kivi QqwU Dcvq GwU weziy Kiæb e vl v K i ejyb h, Avcwb hz mywbw` ófv e Avcbvi AMÖvwaKvi `j I cöfvek `j wj K ey bv Ki Z cvi eb, ZZ Kvh Kifv e Avcwb Avcbvi cök íi Kvh µ gi bkkv Zix Ki Z cvi eb ey bv Kivi QqwU wefvm Av Q, GB n vûavd U hgb `Lv bv n q Q msáv e envi cöwzwu wefvm e vl v Kiæb e vl v Kiæb h, cö_g wzbwu wefvm AvPi Yi mv _ mivmwifv e m ú Khy³ bq, wkš k li wzbwu wefvm AvPi Yi mv _ mivmwifv e m ú Khy³ 3N. GKRb K KvR 5 n vûavdu 2: AMÖvwaKvi `j K ey bv Kivi QqwU Dcv qi D `vniy- GwU co Z ejyb D`vniYwU ch v jvpbv Kivi mgq, ` j K wrávmv Kiæb, GKwU BC KŠkj bkkv Kivi mgq, GKRb BC KŠkj bkkvwe` wkfv e GB Z_ wj K Kv R jvmv e? D`vniY ^iæc, hw` AMÖvwaKvi `j wkwÿz bv n q _v K Zvn j wjwlz DcKiY e envi Kiv DwPZ n e bv hw` Zviv iwwi bv ky b _v K, Zvn j hvmv hv Mi gva g wnmv e iwwi Kvh Ki n e bv hw` `jwu cöv_wgkfv e gymwjg n q _v K Zvn j ïµevi `ycy i Kvb Kvh µg cwipvjbv Kiv DwPZ n e bv AskMÖnYKvix `i g b Kwi q w`b h, Kvb AvPiY DbœxZ Kivi mv _ cö_g wzbwu wefv Mi Kvb m ú K bb - Giv ^vaxb, wkš k li wzbwu wefv Mi AvPiY DbœxZ Kivi mv _ m ú K Av Q Av ivi Av jvpbv Kiæb wkfv e cökí cwikíbvkvixiv GB Z _ wj c Z cv ib wb œwjwlz Drm wj _ K QqwU Dcv qi wel q Z_ cviqv hv e: জনস - বষয়ক: RbZvwË K I ^v welqk Rwci, wbf i hvm mikvix cwimsl vb mvaviy PP v wj: ch eÿb mvaviy B Qv wj: dvkvm Mª yc wwmkvmb (FGDs), g~j Z_ cö`vbkvix `i mvÿvrkvi mvaviy evav wj FGDs, evav we køly `j AvPiYwU m ú K wk Rv b, Abyfe K i Ges PP v K i: FGDs, evav we køly cwiez bi avc wj: Knowledge, Practice and Coverage (KPC) Rwi ci djvdj ৩O. KvR 5 n vûavdu 3: Lvwj Iqv KkxU: Avcbvi AMÖvwaKvi `j K ey bv Kivi QqwU Dcvq- GwU weziy Kiæb AskMÖnYKvix `i Rvovq Rvovq fvm Kiæb Ges Zv `i K Ggb GKwU AvPiY I GKwU AMÖvwaKvi `j wb q wpšív Ki Z ejyb h wj wb q Zviv Zv `i cök íi g a KvR K i cöwzwu Rvov mkj QqwU Dcvq e envi K i hz`yi m e we ÍvwiZfv e Zv `i AMÖvwaKvi `jwu K 82

84 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb ey bv Ki eb Zv `i g b Kwi q w`b h, wkqz M elyv cwipvjbv bv Kiv ch šív Zviv nq Zv me Z_ cv eb bv ৩P. AskMÖnYKvix `i GB cökœ wji DËi `Iqvi gva g cöwz e`b w` Z ejyb: AMÖvwaKvi ` ji ˆewkó wj wk wk? GKwU BC KŠkj bkkv Kivi Dci GB ব শó wji wk wk cöfve Av Q? ৩Q. wkqz wkqz cwiw wz Av Q h cwiw wz Z AMÖvwaKvi ` ji PvB Z cöfvek ` ji Dci KvVv gv ˆZix KivUv ekx Kvh Ki n Z cv i Kvb Kvb cwiw wz Z GB ikg n Z cv i Zv wb q Av jvpbv Kiæb D`vniY ^iæc, hw` cöfvek ` ji AvPiY BC Gi Rb me P q iæz c~y n q _v K 4. Kvi ` wóf½x? 4K. e vl v Kiæb, AMÖvwaKvi Ges cöfvek ` ji we ÍvwiZ ey bv w ` Z cvivb h _ó bq Avcbv K mewkqz AMÖvwaKvi ` ji ` wóf½x _ K `L Z n e AskMÖnYKvix `i wrávmv Kiæb : Kb GwU iæz c ~Y? wk NU e hw ` Avgiv AMÖvwaKvi ` ji ` wó KvY _ K welq wj K we epbv bv Kwi? DËi niqv DwPZ: Avgiv Zv `i K Kvw LZ AvPi Yi cöwz AbycÖvwYZ Ki Z cvie bv GB mz wu Av jvpbv Kiæb, Avgiv cövqb fzjfv e GUv Abygvb K i _vwk h, h nzz cök íi Kg xiv wba vwiz Rb Mvwô GjvKvi jvk ZvB Zviv AMÖvwaKvi I cöfvek `j wji cöwi cöwÿzwu fvjfv e Rv bb AskMÖnYKvix `i wrávmv Kiæb: Kb GUv mz bq? Kvb cökœ _vk j DËi w`b 4L. e vl v Kiæb, GLb Avgiv Ab `i ` wó KvY _ K Ôwelq wj `LvÕ GB AbykxjbwU Kie hw` cöwkÿywu AÂjwfwËK n q _v K: AskMÖnYKvix `i Ggb GKRb m½x e Q wb Z ejyb hvi mv _ Zviv g b K ib h Zv `i A bk wel q wgj i q Q ( hgb: ল, বয়স, শ, জ ত য়ত, ভ ষ, জ wতগত Mvwô, ey /esk, পছ / আ হ, eevwnk Ae v BZ vw`) Rvov ˆZix n q hviqvi ci, AskMÖnYKvix `i Zv `i wb R `i wel q Z_ kqvi Ki Z ejyb Ges hme wel q wgj Av Q m wji GKwU ZvwjKv ˆZix Ki Z ejyb GjwmwW Gi mvnv h Qwe `Lvb ev iæ gi Pvwiw` K KZK wj Qwe UvOvb ( ek eo AvKv ii Qwe,AskMÖnYKvix `i ms wz _ K biqv Qwe, jvk `i Qwe, hvi g a Lye Aí wkqz jlv Av Q ev Kvb jlv bb ) Ges cöwzwu Rvovi Rb GKwU Qwe wbwï ó K i w `b (K qkwu Rvov GKwU Qwe e envi Ki Z cv i) AskMÖnYKvixiv GKv KvR Ki eb, cö Z K AskMÖnYKvix K Qwe m ú K bx Pi cökœ wji DËi w` Z ejyb: Qwe Z jvkwu wk Ki Q? Qwe Z jvkwu wk wpšív Ki Q? jvkwu wk Abyfe Ki Q? 83

85 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb cö Z K AskMÖnYKvix K লL Z n e h wzwb wk g b Ki Qb Zvi m½xwu GB GKB cökœ wji wk DËi w` eb mgq kl n j ci, cöwzwu Rvov kqvi Ki eb h Zviv wk f e Qb Zv `i m½x wk DËi wj L Qb ev f e Qb mb wel q Ges cöwzwu AskMªnYKvix Zv `i wbr ^ fvebvi mv _ Zv `i m½xi cök Z DËiwU wgwj q `L eb cöwzwu Rvov Av jvpbv Ki eb h Zv `i ci ú ii mv _ A bk wgj _vkv m Ë I ci ú ii দ fw½ Abygvb Kiv KZUv KwVb wqj AskMÖnYKvix `i wrávmv Kiæb, GKwU BC KŠkj bkkv Kivi cwi cöwÿ Z wpšív Ki j GB Abykxjb _ K Zviv wk wkÿv c q Qb? wbwï ó K i ejyb h, h nzz GUv LyeB KwVb mwvkfv e Rvbv h Ab e w³ Kvb wkqz m ú K Kgb Abyfe Ki Qb, myzivs Avcwb Abygvb Ki Z cvi eb bv; ees, Avcbv K Zv `i K wrávmv Ki Z n e hme Kvi Y Avgiv d g wuf M elyv cwipvjbv Kivi Rb mycvwik K i _vwk Zvi g a GwU GKwU KviY D`vniY: GwU GKwU ÔmvgvwRK Ges AvPiY cwiez b (SBC) KŠkjÕ hv gv q `i K mvaviy wee (jvjv c o wkïi Kvco hb wf R bv hvq mb Rb wkïi Mjvq h Kvco Svjv bv nq) Zwi Kiv klv bvi wel q bkkv Kiv n q Q wba vwiz Rb Mvwô: wkï `i gv AvPiY: wkï K `ix Z k³ Lvevi `Iqv, cövq 6 gvm eq m Avgiv wpšív Kwi Zviv ej eb: 1. wkï K LvIqv bvi Rb h _ó cwigv Y Lvevi evwo Z bvb 2. GB eq m wkïi h Lvev ii cö qvrb Av Q Zv Rvwbbv gv qiv wk e j: 1. LvIqvi mgq ev Pviv Lye bvsiv K i Ges Zv `i Kvco bvsiv nq Avgv `i A bkevi Zv `i Kvco cwiez b Ki Z nq Ges ay Z nq hvi gv b n Q ewk cvwb e q Avb Z nq AskMÖnYKvix `i GB cökœwu K i GB KvRwU kl Kiæb: GUv Abygvb Kiv wk wvk h Avgiv AMÖvwaKvi ` ji ` wófw½ Rvwb? DËi niqv DwPZ: bv AskMÖnYKvix `i wrávmv Kiæb: Kb? Avgiv wkfv e Avgv `i wba vwiz Rb Mvwôi ` wófw½ Rvb Z cvwi Gi DËi n e: AMÖvwaKvi `j Ges cöfvek `j wji Dc i M elyv cwipvjbv K i ৫. gyj well wji mvi ms ÿc ৫K. আপন র অ ধক র `j K hzuv m e wbwï ófv e ey bv Kiæb (QqwU Dcvq e envi Kiæb) ৫L. Avcbvi AMÖvwaKvi ` ji ˆewkó wj we epbvq i L Avcbvi BC KŠkjwUi bkkv Zix Kiæb ৫ M. mewkqz AMÖvwaKvi ` ji ` wóf½x _ K দখন 84

86 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb ৫N. AMÖvwaKvi ` ji wel q স ম স ত wm vší `jwui Dci h M elyv Kiv n e mwui wfwë Z biqv DwPZ, ïaygvî cök íi Kg x `i aviyvi Dci wfwë K i bq ৫O. GKB evz v, DcKiY ev Kvh µg e envi K i AwaK msl K jvk `i Kv Q cšqv bvi gva g Avcbvi m ú` wj K mevwa K Kvh Ki K i Zyjyb 85

87 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb KvR 5 wd cpvu 1 Avgiv wkfv e AMÖvwaKvi Ges cöfvek `j wj K msávwqz Kie? AMÖvwaKvi `j: AMÖvwaKvi `j BwZevPK AvPiYwU m úv `b Ki e (D`vniY ^iæc: ক ষ, gv qiv hv `i ৫ eq ii Kg eqmx wkï Av Q, MÖv gi hyemgvr BZ vw`) mgv Ri GKRb m`m ( hgb: gv, K lk) A_ev GKRb mev cö`vbkvix (K wl G Ubkb G R U, ÿz`ª ঋY cö`vbkvix, KwgDwbwU ^v Kg x BZ vw`) AMÖvwaKvi `j n Z cv i cöfvek `j: cöfvek `j (`j wj) AvPiYwU Kivi e vcv i AMÖvwaKvi ` ji Dci cöfve we Ívi K i Ges Giv BwZevPK AvPiYwU AvqZ Kivi e vcv i AMÖvwaKvi `j K mnvqzv Ki Z cv i ev evavi w` Z cv i Giv mvaviyz AMÖvwaKvi ` ji Lye Kv Qi jvkrb nq AMÖvwaKvi ` ji Dci M elyv cwipvjbv Kivi gva g GB `j K me P q fvjfv e wpwýz Kiv hvq 86

88 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb KvR 5 n vûavdu 1 Avcbvi AMÖvwaKvi `j K ey bv Kivi QqwU Dcvq ১. জনZvwË K ewkó ২. cöwzw` bi mgqm~px: AwaKvsk jvk w` bi ejv wk K i KvUvq ৩. Ggb wkqz hv ` ji AwaKvsk m`m B Pvq ৪. Ggb wkqz hv `jwu K AvPiYwU PP v Kiv _ K weiz iv L (evav wj) ৫. AvPiYwUi wel q AMÖvwaKvi `j wk Rv b, wk Abyfe K i Ges wk PP v K i ৬. bzzb AvPiYwU AvqZ Kivi Rb ` ji AwaKvsk jvk cö wzi Kvb ch v q Av Q (cwiez bi avc) GB n vûavduwu AED Zix Kiv g~j DcKiY _ K biqv n q Q 87

89 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb KvR ৫ হয আআউ ২ Avcbvi AMÖvwaKvi `j K QqwU Dcv qi ey bv Kivi D`vniY wj AvPiY: K l Kiv gvwu Z ˆRe Dcv`vb wgkvq ১. ক ষ `i ১ n± ii Kg জ ম Av Q, সম উৎপ দন প রব ii Lv` Pvwn`v guv Z e q nq, bm` UvKvi জ K wl Kv Ri evb i ম স ম ক জ কর ত nq, wkmiqvwnwj fvlvq K_v e j, অ শ ত, mevb ১৮-৮০ বছর বয় সর ম a AMÖvwaKvi `j ১. জনত ক ব শ য wj ( hgb: বয়স, আয়, ব স ন, `ÿzv wj, fvlv, শ র ch vq) ২. AMÖvwaKvi ` ji m`m iv wk K i ( ekxi fvm jvk wk K i w`b KvUvq)? ৩. অ ধক র দ লর সদ র wk চ q (স ধ রন ই )? ৪. এমন কছ hv অ ধক র দ লর সদ দর AvPiYwU কর ত ব ধ দয় (স ধ রন ব ধ wj) ৫. অ ধক র দল আচর Yর বষ য় ক Rv b, অন ভ K i Ges PP v K i ৬. প রবতর ন ধ প wj (c~e -স চতনত, স চতনত, ত, c` ÿc MÖnY I iÿvkiv/ervq ivlv) ২. AwaKvsk mgq বক ল বল q ন য় দ ক b GKwÎZ হয়, ১০ ঘ ব ত র চ য় বশ সময় ম ঠ KvR K i, বক ল বল য় র ডও শ, ব ধব i ব জ র য য়, য ব ছ লর শ নব i ফ টব খ ল ৩. Zv `i mšívb `i Rb DbœZ Rxeb Pvq Ges `L Z Pvq h z j M j Ggb Rxeb n e, ত দর স নর hb Av iv ey ম ন nq, প রব i hb খ নর পËv _v K, Ggb Abyfe Ki Z Pvq h Zviv cwiev ii Rb GKRb fvj hvmvb`vzv ৪. উ ত Pvlvev` ক শ লর দ ত র অভ ব, ঝ কwb Z Pvq bv, mbvzb c wz Z Pvlvev` ৫.gvwU Z ˆRe mvi cö qv Mi mkj fvj w`k m ú K Rv b, mvaviyz Rwg Z hv wkqz ˆRe Dcv`vb cviqv hvq ZvB `q, h nzz Zviv wbwðz bv h ˆRe mvi Drcv` b Kvb cv_ K m wó Ki e wkbv mb Kvi Y Re mvi Rwg Z e q wb q Avmv Ges wqwu q `Iqv K Zviv GKwU evowz KvR g b K i ৬. স চতনত : KD KD এই PP vwui বষ য় শ ন, ত: KD KD বহ রর জ জব Dcv`vb স হ কর ছ 88

90 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv ˆZix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb KvR 5 n vûavdu 3 Lvwj Iqv KkxU: AMÖvwaKvi `j K ey bv Kivi QqwU Dcvq AvPiYwUi bvg Ges AMÖvwaKvi `j/möv gi bvg wjlyb 1. ১. জনত ক ব শ য w j ( hgb: বয়স, আয়, ব স ন, `ÿzv wj, fvlv, শ র ch vq) 2. AMÖvwaKvi `j ২. AMÖvwaKvi ` ji m`m iv wk K i ( ekxi fvm jvk wk K i w`b KvUvq)? 3. ৩. অ ধক র দ লর সদ র wk চ q (স ধ রন ই )? ৪. এমন কছ hv অ ধক র দ লর সদ দর AvPiYwU কর ত evav `q (স ধ রন ব ধ wj) ৫. অ ধক র দল আচর Yর বষ য় ক Rv b, অন ভ K i Ges PP v K i ৬. প রবতর ন ধ প wj (c~e -স চতনত, স চতনত, ত, c` ÿc MÖnY I iÿvkiv/ervq ivlv) ৬. 89

91 KvR 5 n vûavdu 4 Kvh µ gi wekí 2: AvPiYwUi cöwz Rb Mvwôi mvov Kvi ` wófw½? AvPiY: Rb Mvwô: Avgiv g b Kwi Zviv ej e: Zviv wk e j: 90

92 KvR 6: Avgv `i DBC KvVv gv wj 1g Ask: AvPiY Ges AMÖvwaKvi `j K ey bv Kiv AR bwfwëk D Ïk vejx GB Kv Ri k l AskMÖnYKvixiv: Zv `i Rb wba vwiz AMÖvwaKvi `j K we ÍvwiZfv e ey bv Ki eb ev Íevq bi wba vwiz c` ÿcwui mv _ Kvb AvPiY wj m ú Khy³ Zv we epbv Ki eb AvPi Yi GKwU m ú~y wee wz wjl eb, c~ e h wb ` kbv `Iqv n q Q mb wb Ï kbv Abymv i mgq: 1 N Uv 30 wgwbu DcKiYmg~n wba vwiz welqmn AvPiY cwiez b bkkvi (DBC) ` ji ZvwjKv KvR 6 wdøcpvu 1: `jxq Kv Ri Rb wb ` kvejx: AvPiY I Avcbvi AMÖvwaKvi ` ji msáv ˆZix Kiv KvR 3 n vûavdu 1: Lvwj DBC KvVv gv wj (cö Z K AskMÖnYKvixi Rb GK Kwc K i) KvR 5 n vûavdu 1: Avcbvi AMÖvwaKvi `j K ey bv Kivi QqwU Dcvq KvR 6 wd cpvu 2: DBC KvVv gv wj hvi g a ïaygvî AvPiY I AMÖvwaKvi ` ji Kjvg wj _vk e (cöwz ` ji Rb GKKwc wd cpv U, hw` KvRwU nv Z Kiv nq) gšíe kx Ui Rb KvMR Ges gvk vi Kjg mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i Rb bvu Avcbvi cöwkÿy ` j hw` wfbœ `k ev A ji cöwz cökí n Z `yb _ K wzbrb AskMÖnYKvix _ K _v Kb Zvn j Zv `i K cökí Abyhvqx ` j fvm Kiæb Ges Zviv Zv `i LNRA Z cªkí ev Íevq bi h welq wj D jøl K i Qb mb Abymv i ev Íevq bi welq wj wbe vpb Kiæb hw` AskMÖnYKvixiv mevb wewfbœ `k _ K n q _v Kb Zvn j, Zv `i LNRA Z D jøwlz cök íi ZvwjKv Abyhvqx PviwU _ K cvupwu ev Íevq bi welq Ges fšmwjk GjvKv e Q wbb (ev Íevq bi Rb Ggb welq wj wbe vpb Kiæb h wji cöwz AwaKvsk jv Ki AvMÖn Av Q) AskMÖnYKvix `i Zv `i wb R `i ` j hvm w` Z w`b (cöwzwu KBm vww ` j cövq 5 Rb K i _vk e) hw` mg Í AskMÖnYKvixiv GKB `k ev cökí _ K G m _v Kb, Zvn j Zv `i K wewfbœ Dc-wel qi Dci wfwë K i ` j fvm Kiæb D`vniY ^iæc, যদ gyj welqwu n q _v K K wl I cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv Zvn j Avcwb wb œwjwlz Dcv q `j fvm Ki Z cv ib: `j-1: nvumgyimx e e vcbv, `j- 2: cybtebvqb, `j -3: wecbœ cörvwzi msiÿy, `j - 4: DcK~jxq AÂj myiÿv BZ vw` 91

93 avcmg~n 1. fzwgkv 1K. AskMÖnYKvix `i Zv `i wba vwiz DBC ` j em Z ejyb e vl v K i ejyb h, GB Awa ek b Avgiv Avgv `i wb R `i DBC KvVv gv ˆZix Kiv ïiæ Kie,hv Avgiv m ú~ Y Kie GB Kg kvjv kl niqvi mv _ mv _ 2. Avgv `i DBC KvVv gv wji KvR ïiæ Kiv: AvPiY wj Ges AMÖvwaKvi `j wj 2K. KvR 6 wd cpvu 1: `jxq Kv Ri Rb wb ` kvejx: AvPiY I Avcbvi AMÖvwaKvi ` ji msáv ˆZix Kiv- GwU `Lvb Ges cöwzwu ` ji mv _ Zv `i wba vwiz AMÖvwaKvi `j I ev Íevq bi Rb wba vwiz welqwu wb q K_v ejyb KvR 3 n vûavdu 1: Lvwj DBC KvVv gv- Gi Kwc wj w`b 2L. e vl v K i ejyb h, ev Íevq bi Rb h welqwu `Iqv n q Q mwu wb q cöwzwu `j Av jvpbv Ki e Ges GKwU AvPiY wee wz Zix Ki e Zv `i K civgk w`b h, Zviv hw` Pvb Zvn j cvup wgwbu mgq wb q cö_g w` bi KvR 4 _ K GKwU mỳ p AvPiY wee wz Zix Kivi Dcv`vb wj ch v jvpbv K i `L Z cv ib mnvqk/mnvwqkviv `j wji wbe vwpz AvPiY wj K Aby gv`b Ki Z cv ib GUv wbwðz Kivi Rb h Gi d j klvi me P q fvj AwfÁZv jvf Kiv hv e mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i ch v jvpbv Kiv kl n j ci, AskMªnYKvix `i K wee wzwu Zv `i wbr wbr DBC KvVv gv Z wjl Z ejyb 2M. KvR 5 n vûavdu 1: Avcbvi AMÖvwaKvi `j K ey bv Kivi QqwU Dcvq -G hgb Av jvpbv Kiv n qwqj mb Abymv i cöwzwu `j K ey bv Kivi QqwU Dcvq e envi K i Zv `i AMÖvwaKvi `j K eb bv Ki Z ejyb Ges Zv `i wbr wbr DBC KvVv gv wj Z GwU wjl Z ejyb 2N.KvR 6 wd cpvu 2: DBC KvVv gv wj hvi g a ïaygvî AvPiY I AMÖvwaKvi ` ji Kjvg wj _vk e GwU cö Z KwU `j K w`b Ges `j wj K Zv `i djvdj wj GB wd cpv U wj L `Iqv j Uvw½ q w` Z ejyb cö Z KwU `j K Zv `i Pv U i cv k gšíe jlvi Rb GKwU kxu jvwm q w` Z ejyb 3. M vjvix IqvK 3K. mkj AskMÖnYKvix K M vjvix IqvK G AskMÖnY Ki Z ejyb AskMÖnYKvix `i cöwzwu ` ji cöwzwu gšíe c Î Zv `i gšíe wj wjl Z ejyb wkfv e wdwe vk w` Z nq m wel q Zv `i wb ` kbv w`b D`vniY ^iæc, GUv ejv h _ó bq h, ÒAvPiY wee wzwu m ú~ Y bqó; gšíe wu K Av ivi mywbw` ó n Z n e; H jvb bi mv _ Avcwb wjl Z cv ib Òmvavib B Qv wj Ges cwiez bi ch vq wj hvm w` q Avcwb ey bvwu m ú ~Y Ki Z cv ibõ KvVv gvwu DbœZ Kivi Rb AskMÖnYKvixiv hv Z cöwzwu ÿ Î civgk `b m wel q Zv `i DrmvwnZ Kiæb 3L. AskMÖnYKvix `i K Pvwiw` K Qwo q co Z ejyb, `j wj K DrmvwnZ Kiæb Zviv hb hvpvb K ib h AvPi Yi wee wzwu wk GKwU mymsmwvzfv e jlv AvPiY wee wzi gvb`û gvzv ek n q Q wkbv Ges AMÖvwaKvi `jwu K wk QqwU Dcv q ey bv Kiv n q Q wkbv 92

94 KvR 6 wd cpvu 1 `jxq Kv Ri Rb wb ` kbvejx: AvPiY I Avcbvi AMÖvwaKvi ` ji msáv ˆZix Kiv ১. ev Íevq bi welqe wb q Av jvpbv Kiæb Ges GKwU mymsmwvz AvPiY wee wzi msáv Abyhvqx AvPiY wee wzwu wjlyb: c` ÿc, ch eÿy hvm, wbwï ó, cwigvc hvm, DbœZ djvd ji mv _ mivmwifv e mshy³ ২. Avcbvi AMÖvwaKvi `j K QqwU Dcv q e vl v Kiæb ৩. AMÖvwaKvi ` ji ey bvwu Avcbvi ` ji DBC KvVv gv Z wjlyb ৪. এ wj GKwU পPvU kx U/Lvwj DBC KvVv gv Z wjlyb 93

95 KvR 6 wd cpvu 2 DBC KvVv gv wj hvi g a ïaygvî AvPiY I AMÖvwaKvi ` ji Kjvg wj _vk e আচরY K GB AvPiYwU DbœxZ Kivi Rb AMÖvwaKvi `j ev cöfvek `jm wj L ---GB Rb Mvôxi g a ---- ( একট Z Mvj `vm w`b) AMÖvwaKvi `j: ভ ek `j wj: K. DbœxZ Kivi Rb Kvb AvPiYwU ন দ র, ev Íevqb hvm Ges Kvh Kix? L. Kviv AMÖvwaKvi `j Ges Kviv cöfvek `j? (QqwU Dcv q ey bv Kiæb) 94

96 KvR 7: h wba vik wj AvPiY K cöfvwez K i m wj K wpwýz Kiv AR bwfwëk D Ïk vejx GB Kv Ri k l AskMÖnYKvixiv: gyj wba vik wji GKwU ZvwjKv ch v jvpbv Ki eb wzbwu kw³kvjx wba vi Ki bvg D jøl Ki eb GKwU AMÖvwaKvi ` ji d g wuf M elyvi wee wzi mv _ GKwU wba vik wgjv eb GKwU KBm vww Z wba vik wpwýz Ki eb ঐ ক: mve Rbxb DÏxcK wj K wpwýz Ki eb h wj K weávcb`vzviv e envi K ib সময়: ২ ঘ উপকরYmg~n KvR 3 wd cpvu 2: cvupwu DBC wm všímg~n KvR 7 n vûavdu 1: iæz c~y wba vikmg~n h wj AvPiY K cöfvwez K i KvR 7 n vûavdu 2: wba vik wgjv bv KvR 7 n vûavdu 2 Gi DËicÎ (cwiwkó 3 G Av Q) KvR 7 n vûavdu 3: wba vikmg~n wpwýz Kivi Abykxjbx (mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i ms iy): Mí -1: GKRb R j hvi mgq kl n q hviqvi Av MB ARynvZ kl n q wm qwqj KvR 7 n vûavdu 3: wba vikmg~n wpwýz Kivi Abykxjbx (AskMÖnYKvix `i ms iy): Mí - 1: GKRb R j hvi mgq kl n q hviqvi Av MB ARynvZ kl n q wm qwqj KvR 7 n vûavdu 4: wba vikmg~n wpwýz Kivi Abykxjbx (mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i ms iy) Mí- 2: Igi Kb km vmvi ˆZix Kij KvR 7 n vûavdu 4: wba vikmg~n wpwýz Kivi Abykxjbx (AskMÖnYKvix `i ms iy): Mí- 2: Igi Kb km vmvi ˆZix Kij KvR 7 n vûavdu 5: mve Rbxb DÏxcK wj g vmvwrb ev msev`cî _ K weávcb (Av M _ KB AskMÖnYKvix `i G wj wb q Avm Z ejyb) mnvqk / mnvwqkv `i Rb bvu GB Kv Ri gvsvgvws Kvb mg q AskMÖnYKvix `i 15 wgwb Ui GKwU weiwz w`b 95

97 avcmg~n 1. f~wgkv ১K. AskMÖnYKvix `i wrávmv Kiæb: Avgiv DBC KvVv gvi Kvb wm v šíi g a AvwQ? Zv `i DËi n e: wba vik wj eyws q ejyb, Avgiv GLb cö`ë GKwU AvPi Yi wba vik wj wkfv e Avwe vi Ki Z nq m wel q Av jvpbv Kie; GwU bkkv cöwµqvi mb avc hv mn RB Gwo q hviqv hvq; wkš AvPiY cwiez b Kivi Rb Kvb Kvh µg wj Avgv `i e envi Ki Z n e muv Rvbvi Rb GB avcwu iæz c~y ২. AvPi Yi wba vik wk? ২K. AskMÖnYKvix `i wrávmv Kiæb: AvPi Yi g a wkfv e cwiez b Avb eb ev GKwU cwiez b K DbœxZ Ki eb mb wel q Avcwb mvavibz wkfv e wm vší bb? Zv `i wewfbœ ai bi DËi _vk e e vl v Kiæb h, A bk cövmövg wj Z `Lv hvq, আচরY I AMÖvwaKvi `j _ K jvd w` q mvrv Kvh µg I evz v wj Z P j hviqv nq h _ófv e wpšívfvebv bv K ib h ez gv b gvbyl wj h AvPiY wj Ki Q Zv Zviv Kb Ki Q Ges BwZevPK AvPiYwU MÖnY Kivi Rb Kvb Kvb welq wj Zv `i evav w` Q ২ L. KvR 3 wd cpvu 2: cvupwu DBC wm všímg~n G Z AvPi Yi wba vi Ki h msávwu Av Q mwu ch v jvpbv Kiæb KvR 7 n vûavdu 1: iæz c~y wba vikmg~n h wj AvPiY K cöfvwez K i - G Z h msáv wj Av Q m wj AskMÖnYKvix `i co Z ejyb Ges h GKwU wba vik K Zv `i g b n e AvPiY cwiez b (BC) Kivi Rb me P q ekx cöfvekvjx mb wba vikwu Z Mvj wpý w` Z ejyb K qkrb AskMÖnYKvix `i K Zv `i e Q biqv wbav ikwu kqvi Ki Z ejyb AskMÖnYKvix `i GUv ej Z fzj eb bv h, Avgiv fvjfv e Rvwb h GB wba vi Ki ZvwjKvwU ^v I cywó welqk AvPiY wji Rb cö hvr, wkš GB mg Í wba vik wj KZUv ev Gi ga _ K wvk Kvb Kvb wba vik wj K wl I cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbvi (ANRM) AvPiY wji Rb cö hvr n e muv wbwðz K i ejvi gz h _ó WvUv Avgv `i Kv Q bvb wekí Kvh µg hviv covi gva g fvj wkl Z cv ib bv ev hviv Zv `i gvz fvlv e envi Ki Qb bv Zv `i Rb GKRb AskMÖnYKvix K wba vi Ki ey bvwu co Z ejyb, Zvici cö Z KwUi Rb QvU K i e vl v Avi D`vniY w`b 96

98 ২M. eyws q ejyb, mgvrweávbxiv Avwe vi K i Qb h, mkj wba vikmg~ ni g a PviwU wba vik Av Q h wj ekx Kgb ev memgq `Lv hvq Ges h wj AwaKvsk ^v welqk AvPiY wj cwiez b Kivi ÿ Î me P q ekx kw³kvjxfv e cöfve we Ívi K i G wj nj: Dcj ^-ÿgzv/`ÿzv Dcj mvgvwrk ixwzbxwz Dcj BwZevPK djvdj Dcj bwzevpk ফল ফল ২N. GB PviwU kw³kvjx wba vik wj QvovI, mvgvwrk weávbxiv Av ivi wkqz wba vik Avwe vi K i Qb h wj ^v I cywó welqk AvPiY wji Rb iæ c~y wkš, GB wba vik wj ^v QvovI Ab vb AvPiY/PP v wji Rb K ZvUv iæz c~y mb wel q GLbI wbwðz niqv hvqwb Gi Rb Av ivi M elyvi cö qvrb Av Q GB wba vik wj nj: c` ÿc MÖn bi Dcj ^-ÿgzv my hvm myweav Dcj ms e`bkxjzv Dcj ZxeªZv / iæzizv Dcj Hk wik B Qv c` ÿc MÖn Yi Rb Bw½Z/g b Kwi q `Iqv bxwzgvjvmg~n স র ত g b ivl eb Avgiv Dcjw i wel q K_v ejwq BC Gi Rb Kvb GKRb e w³i wk Kvb wkqzi my hvm myweav Av Q wkbv muv iæz c~y bq, wkš Zviv Zv `i my hvm myweavi wel q wk g b Ki Qb ev wk Dcjw Ki Qb muv ekx iæz c~y GB Kvi bb, AwaKvsk wba vik wjb ïiæ n q Q ÕDcj Õ kã Øviv 2O. KvR 7 n vûavdu 2: wba vik wgjv bv - GwU cö Z K AskMÖnYKvixi gv S weziy Kiæb Ges Zv `i K ` j (mnr) ev GKRb GKRb K i (KwVb) KvR Ki Z ejyb AskMÖnYKvix `i evgw` Ki Kjv gi wee wzwu co Z ejyb এব KvR 7 n vûavdu 1 এwU ` L wm vší wb Z ejyb wee wzwui mv _ Kvb wba vikwui me P q ekx wgj Av Q ফল ফলগwj ch v jvpbv Kiæb, e vl v K i ejyb h, gv S gv S G Ki AwaK wba vik GKB wee wzi Rb cö hvr nq hlb Ggb N U ZLb Kvb Kvh µg wj Øviv welqwui Dci fvjfv e KvR Kiv hv e Zv wba viy Kivi Rb Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj iæz c~y f~wgkv cvjb K i 4 ২P. hw` AskMÖnYKvix `i wba vi Ki wel q Av ivi klvi cª qvrb _v K Zvn j KvR 7 n vûavdu 3: wba vik wpwýz Kivi Abykxjbx: Mí - 1: GKRb R j hvi mgq kl niqvi 97

99 Av MB ARynvZ kl n q wm qwqj GwU A_ev KvR 7 n vûavdu 4: wba vik wpwýz Kivi Abykxjbx: Mí - 2: Igi Kb km vmvi ˆZix Kij - GwU e envi Kiæb mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i Rb h n vûavduwu `Iqv n q Q mlv b MíwU wkfv e we køly Ki Z n e muvi wb ` wkkv `Iqv Av Q ( h AskMÖnYKvixiv covi gva g fvjfv e wk L Zv `i mv _ GwU fvjfv e e envi Kiv hv e) Mí wj K evoxi KvR wnmv ei `Iqv h Z cv i; G Z AskMÖnYKvixiv Zv `i wb R `i myweavgz covi I KvR Kivi my hvm cv eb ৩. Hw QK: mve Rbxb DÏxcK wji Kvh µg bvu: wb œwjwlz Kvh µgwu nj mb me cªvmövg wji Rb ekx cö hvr h cövmövg wj MYgva g wb q KvR Ki e A_ev e nr I ewpîgq Rb Mvôxi Rb Z_, wkÿv Ges hvmv hv Mi (IEC) DcKiY ˆZix Ki e, hgb: wej evw, cvg d U ev cvóvi BZ vw` ৩K.KvR 7 n vûavdu 5: mve Rbxb DÏxcK wj - GwU co b AskMÖnYKvix `i wrávmv Kiæb: Avcwb wk g b K ib, GB ZvwjKvi AwaKvsk wel qi cöwz wk me RvqMvi AwaKvsk gvbyl AvKv Lv K i _v K? 3L. e vl v K i ejyb, hlb Avgiv e nr I ˆewPÎgq Rb Mvôxi mv _ KvR Kie hv `i mv _ Avgiv d g wuf M elyv Ki Z cvie bv, Zv `i AvPiY cwiez b K (BC) h welq wj cöfvwez K i m wj K wb q wpšív Kivi mgq Avgv `i K GB Ômve Rbxb DÏxcKÕ wj K we epbvq ivl Z n e GLb Avgiv GKwU KvR Kie hv Z Avgiv eys Z cvwi wkfv e weávcb`vzviv Zv `i cb wewµ Kivi Rb mve Rbxb DÏxcK wj K e envi K i 3M. AskMÖnYKvix `i K ejyb g vmvwrb ev msev`c Îi weávcbwu ei Kivi Rb huv Avcwb Zv `i K Kg kvjvq wb q Avm Z e jwq jb AskMÖnYKvixiv GKRb GKRb K i A_ev ` j KvR Ki eb Ges Zv `i K ejyb weávcb wj fvjfv e cixÿv K i wm vší wb Z h Kvb GKwU mve Rbxb DÏxc Ki mv _ weávcbwui ekx m ú K Av Q ৩N. K qkrb AskMÖnYKvix `i K hv Z mevb `L Z cvq Ggbfv e weávcbwu Dc i Zz j a i cöwzwu mve Rbxb DÏxc Ki Rb GKwU K i D`vniY `Lv Z ejyb ৩O. GB e j mvivsk Kiæb: MYgva wj Z cöpviyvi ÿ Î ev ewpîgq `j wj Z Kvb evz v cšqv bvi ÿ Î Av ivi djcömyfv e KvR Kivi Rb wkfv e Avcwb mve Rbxb DÏxcK wj K e envi Ki eb Zv Avgiv GB KZK wj D`vniY _ K `L Z cvb bvu: gv S gv S, Ggb n Z cv i h GK ms wz Z h wj DÏxcK Ab ms wz Z m wj iæz c~y evav D`vniY ^iæc, wkqz gwnjv Awf hvm K i Qb h, hlb Zviv mvevb e envi K iwq jb ZLb Zv `i ^vgxiv Zv `i gvi avi K i Qb GB f e h Zviv Ab cyiæ li Kv Q Av ivi AvK lyxqv niqvi Rb mvevb e envi Ki Qb Ges hvi A_ nj Zviv Zv `i ^vgx `i 98

100 mv _ cözviyv Ki Qb wkš Ab ` k gwnjviv e j Qb h, Zviv mvevb e envi K i Qb KviY Zv `i ^vgxiv mvev bi MÜ cq ` K ib ৩P. e vl v K i ejyb h, Avgiv hlb Avgv `i AMÖvwaKvi ` ji Rb me P q kw³kvjx wba vik wj wpwýz Ki Z wkle ZLb Avgv `i K GB mve Rbxb DÏxcK wj K Pbvi Rb PvL Lvjv ivl Z n e g b ivl eb GB wj nj iæz c~y DÏxcK h wj jvk `i K Zv `i AvPiY cwiez b Ki Z mvnvh Ki Z cv i we klfv e, GB wj nq Zv cökvwkz n e ZLbB hlb Avcwb Rvb eb Avcbvi AMÖvwaKvi `j Kvb welq wj K DcKvi (Dcj BwZevPK djvdj) wnmv e `L Q Ges K K GB AvPiY K Aby gv`b (Dcj mvgvwrk ixwzbxwz) Ki e wkš AwaKvsk mgqb, GB mve Rbxb DÏxcK wj Avcbvi evav we køl Yi mgq cökvwkz n e bv KviY hviv PP v Ki Qb ev hviv PP v Ki Qb bv Zviv DfqB nq Zv Kvb wbwïó PP vi cwi cöwÿ Z G wj m ú K ej eb wkš, ZviciI Avcwb Avcbvi evz vq GB mve Rbxb DÏxcK wj e envi Ki Z cv ib, hw` h ` ji mv _ Avcwb KvR Ki Qb ( hgb: K lk) mb ` ji AvKv Lv wj K Avcwb Ggb GKwU mve Rbxb DÏxc Ki mv _ mdjfv e m ú Khy³ K i w` Z cv ib h mve Rbxb DÏxcK K Zviv g~j `q ( hgb: kö v Kiv) 99

101 KvR 7 n vûavdu 1 iæz c~y wba vikmg~n h wj AvPiY K cöfvwez K i PviwU me P q kw³kvjx wba vik wj GB wba vik wj K memgq d g wuf M elyv cwipvjbvi gva g Lyu R ei Kiv DwPZ ( hgb: evav we køly, Ôhviv K iõ Ôhviv K i bvõ vww) GB wj K mvaviyz ^v Ges cywó welqk AvPiY wji ÿ Î me P q ekx kw³kvjx n Z `Lv hvq ১. Dcj ^-ÿgzv/`ÿzv GKRb e w³i GB wek vm Av Q h, ez gv b Zvi h Ávb I `ÿzv i q Q m wji Dci wfwë K i wzwb GKwU wbwïó AvPiY Ki Z cvi eb GKwU wbwï ó AvPiY Kivi Rb h Ávb, `ÿzv, mvg_ I AvZ wek v mi cö qvrb nq m wji mgwó ২. Dcj mvgvwrk ixwzbxwz GB Dcjw h, GKRb e w³i Kv Q h jv Kiv iæz c~ Y Zviv g b K ib h e w³wui AvPiYwU Kiv DwPZ ev DwPZ bv Gi `ybwu Ask Av Q: GKRb e w³i Kv Q Kvb GKwU wbwï ó wel q Kviv ekx iæz c~y Ges H e w³wui wk Kiv DwPZ mb wel q H iæz c~y jv Kiv wk g b Ki Qb mb wel q H e w³wu wk Dcjwä Ki Qb GB n vûavduwu AED Gi ˆZix Kiv DcKiY _ K biqv n q Q hwu Zviv ˆZix K iwqj dzw di ` v nvsix evav we køly g vbyq v ji Rb 2008 mv j wwwewmgi KvwiKzjvg cökvwkz niqvi ci wba vi Ki GB ZvwjKvwUi Dci cybivq KvR Kiv n q Q hv Z K wl Ges cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv AvPiY wji Rb GwU Dchy³ nq Ges 2008 mv j ^v Ges cywói evav we køly g vbyqv j wba vi Ki h ZvwjKvwU e envi Kiv n qwqj mwu _ K GwU GKUz wfbœ 100

102 ৩. Dcj BwZevPK djvdj GKRb e w³ wk g b K ib h GKwU AvPiY Kivi d j wk wk BwZevPK djvdj NU Z cv i (BwZevPK djvdj fvj ev DbœZ djvdj m ú wkz wel q n Z cv i A_ev gv S gv S Ggb wkqzi n Z cv i hv cöz vwkz DcKvwiZvi mv _ m ú Khy³ bq hlb BwZevPK djvdj wj cöz vwkz DcKvwiZv wji mv _ m ú K hy³ nq ZLb GwUi Ôc` ÿc MÖn bi Dcj ^-ÿgzvõ GB wba vi Ki mv _I m ú K _v K) 4. Dcj bwzevpk djvdj GKRb e w³ wk g b K ib h GKwU AvPiY Kivi d j wk wk bwzevpk djvdj NU Z cv i bvu: evav we køly ev Ôhviv K iõ Ôhviv K i bvõ vwwi g a Dcj BwZevPK djvdj ev Dcj bwzevpk djvdj Gi wel q h cö kœi DËi wj Av Q m wj _ K AvPiYwUi wk wk DcKvwiZv Av Q, wk wk Amyweav Av Q, GB wel q g bvfve wk ikg Ges Dcj BwZevPK Ges bwzevpk Yvejx wj wk wk Zv Rvbv h Z cv i Ab vb g~j wba vikmg~n ৫. my hvmmyweav GKwU wbwï ó AvPiY AvqZ Kivi Rb h e ( hgb: mvi, KxUbvkK gkvix, KbWg) ev mevi ( hgb: cï wpwkrmv, wukv`vb K `ª) cö qvrb nq m wji mnrjf Zv KZUzKz (GKwU wbwï ó Rb Mvwôi Kv Q) Kvw LZ e wj ev mev wj MÖn Yi ÿ Î GKwU Rb Mvwô KZUzKz ^v Q ` eva K i muvi Gi g a AšÍ f~³ wewfbœ welq hgb LiP, wj½, ms wz, fvlv BZ vw`i Gi g a AšÍ f~³ ৬. c` ÿc MÖn Yi Rb Bw½Z/g b Kwi q `Iqv g b Kwi q `Iqvi Rb ev Bw½Z `Iqvi Rb Ggb Kvb wkqz _vkv hv Kvb e w ³ K Kvb GKwU wbwï ó AvPiY Kivi wel q ev AvPiYwU Kivi Rb h avc wj Av Q m wj i wel q g b Kwi q w` e Gi g a AšÍf ~³ Av Q kw³kvjx g~j NUbv wj h wj GKRb e w³i g a AvPiY cwiez b K Dm K `q ( hgb: cwiev ii GKRb m`m m i GBP AvB wf Av Q, Lov n Q) 101

103 D`vniY: wkfv e mwvkfv e m vjvbb (IAviGm) Zix Ki Z nq muvi Qwe mn wb ` kbv m vjvb bi c v K Ui Dci w` q `Iqv, GKwU wbwï ó ai bi exr ecb Kivi avc wj GKwU w Kv ii g a `Iqv ৭. Dcj ms e`bkxjzv/szuwk mgm vwui Kv Q GKRb e w³ wb R K KZUv `ye j g b K i mb wel q Zvi Dcjwä উদ হরণ: jv Kiv wk g b K i h Zv `i Kvmvfvi g a bwz q cov ivm `Lv `Iqvi m vebv Av Q ev Ggb ivm n Z cv i? Zviv wk g b K i h, jv Kiv GBP AvB wf Z AvµvšÍ n Z cv i? ৮. Dcj ZxeªZv/ iæzizv wek vm K i h mgm vwu (AvPiY Øviv hwu K cªwz iva Kiv hvq) gvivz K/ iæzi D`vniY: GKRb K lk Aek B Zvi `v g Rgv K i ivlv k m i Dci QvZv co j Zv cöwz iva Ki eb hw` wzwb Dcjw K ib h GwU GKwU eo ai bi mgm v Ges G Z A bk ÿwz n e GKRb gv Lye m ez Zvi wkïwu K wukv w` Z wb q hv eb hw` wzwb Dcjwä K ib h nvg GKwU gvivz K ivm (GUv Dcj djvd ji mv _ m ú Khy³) ৯. c` ÿc MÖn Yi Dcj ^-ÿgzv GB wek vm h, AvPiYwU PP v Kivi d j mgm vwu Gov bv m e n e Ges mgm vwu Gov bvi Rb AvPiYwU Kvh Ki D`vniY: hw` KD gkvwii wfz i Nygvq Zvn j Zvi g v jwiqv n e bv gv S gv S GwU Dcj djvd ji GKwU Ask wnmv ei cökvwkz nq bvu: Dcj ms e`bkxjzv, Dcj ZxeªZv Ges c` ÿc MÖn bi Dcj ^-ÿgzv G wj mgm vi mv _ m ú Khy³, AvPiYwUi mv _ bq 102

104 ১০. Dcj Hk wik B Qv GKRb e w³i wek vm h, GUv Ck ii B Qv (A_ev `ezv `i B Qv) h Zvi GB mgm v _vk e Ges/A_ev wzwb mgm vwu KvwU q DV Z cvi eb AmsL AcÖKvwkZ evav we køly M elyvq GwU Rvbv M Q h GB wba vikwu A bk AvPi Yi Rb B iæz c~y (we klfv e ^v Ges cywó welqk AvPiY wji Rb ) Ab vb welq wji Dci Av ivi M elyvi cö qvrb Av Q ( hgb: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, wj½) ১১. bxwzgvjv আইনKvbyb Ges bxwzgvjv h wj AvPiY K Ges Kvb e MZ ev mevmz myweav MÖnY K cöfvwez K i D`vniY: hw` Rwgi gvwjkvbv wel q fvj AvBb _v K (Ges ^ Q gvwjkvbv AvBb) Zvn j GUvi m vebv Lye ekx h GKRb e w³ Zvi Rwg wj K Av ivi DbœZ Kivi Rb c ` ÿc MÖnY Ki eb; Mf Kvjxb PKAv ci mgq A Uv gwu K vwj GBP.AvB.wfi cixÿv Ki Z n e Ggb wbqg _vk j AwaKvsk gwnjvivb GBP.AvB.wf Gi cixÿv Ki eb cövqkb GwU mwµqk wj K Ges evav wj K cöfvwez K i ( h welq wj AvPiYwU Kiv K mnr K i Zv j ev Av ivi KwVb K i Zv j) ১২. ms wz GKwU ^kvwmz Mvôxi wfzikvi BwZnvm, cö_v, Rxebhvcb, g~j eva Ges AvPviAvPi Yi mgwó Kvb b Mvôxi ev Kvb Rxebavivi mv _ mswkøó n Z cv i, hgb ÔmgKvgxÕ ev ÔhyeÕ ms wz GwU cövqb Dcje mvgvwrk ixwzbxwz K cöfvwez K i 103

105 KvR 7 n vûavdu 2 wba vik wgjv bv KvR 7 n vûavdu 1 `Lyb, wee wzi mv _ h wba vikwui me P q ekx wgj mwu wbe vpb Kiæb d g wuf M elyvi DËi ১. Avwg Rvwb bv Avwg wkfv e Avgvi Rwgi mxgv ilvq MvQ jvmve ২. Avgvi k ïi Avgv K e j Qb h mvi e envi Ki j ïay UvKv Avi cwikög bó nq ZvB Avwg GUv K i evkv mvr Z PvB bv ৩. Avwg hw` Avgvi Rwg Z Av b bv w`b Zvn j mvg bi eqi Avgvi Rwg Z A bk cvkv n e ৪. Avwg hw` mvwie fv e f~ævi MvQ wj jvmvb Zvn j m ez evzvm m wj K f ½ dj e ৫. Zviv GB KxUbvkKwU Avgv `i MÖv g wewµ K i bv Avi kn ii `vkvb Avgvi GLvb _ K A bk `~ ii c_ ৬. Avwg wk wb K h Z cq ` Kwi bv KviY MZevi Avgvi mv _ Zviv Lvivc e envi K i Q ৭. evoxi evb i KvR Kivi d j Avgvi mšívb K Qqgvm ch ší ïaygvî ey Ki `ya LvIqv bv Avgvi c ÿ Am e n q DV Q ৮. Avwg AvMvQv cwi vi Ki Z cq ` Kwi bv! Avwg ZLbB GUv Ki Z cq ` Kwi hlb Avwg Avi Avgvi cöwz ekx KvRwU GKmv _ Kwi ৯. Avwg wkgyj Avjyi bzzb RvZwU e envi Ki Z Pvw Qjvg, wkš GwU wezi Yi h ZvwiL M elyvmvi w` qwqj Zv Avwg fz j wm qwqjvg ১০. শ gvî h me wkïiv QvU AvKv ii n q Rb vq ZvivB Acywó Z fv M Avgvi wkïwu R b i mgq eo wqj, ZvB Avgv K GUv wb q wpšív Ki Z n e bv ১১. Avwg ï bwq h Avwg hw` Avgvi Rwg Z mvcvb bv w`b Zvn j Avgvi Rwgi Dcwifv Mi gvwu ÿ q hv e; wkš Avgvi Rwgi Dcwifv M h _ó gvwu Av Q, ZvB Avwg GUv wb q wpwšíz bb ১২. evb ej e j h, gjg~î Lvjv d j ivlv DwPZ bv, ZvB Avgvi cwievi GKwU cvqlvbv ˆZix K i Q ১৩. Avwg Avgvi wkï K MZ mßv n wukv w` Z wb q wm qwqjvg, wkš Zviv Avgv K ejj h ïaygvî GKwU wkïi Rb Zviv cy iv GKwU evzj Lyj Z cvi e bv নধ র র 104

106 d g wuf M elyvi DËi ১৪. GUvB Avgv `i ixwz h Rwg ˆZixi Rb Rwg Z Av b jvmv bv nq hv Z AvMvQv wj me cy o hvq ১৫. শ ygvî Avgvi xi mv _ hšb m ú K ivlv Lye ক কর ১৬. Avgvi ^vgx Pvb Avwg hb GB eq i cwiev ii Lv` Pvwn`v c~iy Kivi PvB Z wewµ Kivi Rb ekx dmj jvmvb ১৭. Avwg GB eq i wgwó Avjy jvmv Z PvB bv MZ eqi Avwg jvmvjvg Avi Ab vb ivi ZvB Kij; Avi wgwó Avjyi `vg K g Mj ১৮. Avwg cwievi cwikíbv c wz MÖnY KiZvg wkš Avwg h c wzuv cq ` Kwi mwu mieivn Kiv Zviv eü K i w` q Q ১৯. Bu`yi cöwz iva Kivi Rb G eqi Avwg GKwU fvj km vmvi ˆZix Ki Z PvB MZ eqi Zviv Avgvi A bk f~æv L q d j Q ২০. Kv QB GKRb cï wpwkrmk Kv Q _vkvi Kvi b cï w` q Rwg Pvl Kiv bvuv Avgvi c ÿ mnr n q Q ২১. Avwg ï bwqjvg h Avgvi Q ji hw` VvÛv jv M Zvn j fvj nq Zvi k vmcök vm cixÿv Kwi q biqv wkš Avwg Zv Ki Z fz j hvb ২২. Avwg GUv Kivi Póv K iwqjvg, wkš GUv Ki Z A bk mgq I kö gi cö qvrb nq ২৩. h Rwg wj Lvov wujvq Aew Z ïaygvî mbme Rwg wj Z gvwui ÿq nq Avgvi Rwg Zgb Lvov bq ২৪. Avgvi wkïwui IRb hw` Kg nq Zvn j Kvi wk Av m hvq? m Zv ZviciI e o DV Q; Avi GB eq m AvwgI Zv Kg IR bi wqjvg ২৫. GUv Ck ii B Qv h GB eq i Avwg fvj dmj cve bv; Avi GB wel q Avwg Zgb wkqzb Ki Z cvwi bv ২৬. hw` Avgvi wkïwu h _ó cyó nq Zvn j Zviv Avi Avgv `i K webvg~ j ik bi Lvevi w` e bv, ZvB Avwg Avi Avgvi wkï K ey Ki `ya w`e bv Avgvi cwiev ii Rb ikb cviqvuv A bk iæz c~y ২৭. Avgvi RvwZi jvk `i Ab RvwZi jvk `i mv _ LvIqv wb la ZvB Avgiv mfvq hvb bv নধ র র 105

107 KvR 7 n vûavdu 3 (mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i ms iy) wba vik wpwýz Kivi Abykxjbx Mí - 1: GKRb R j hvi mgq kl n q hviqvi Av MB ARynvZ kl n q wm qwqj jlk: Ug Wwfm GKRb AskMÖnYKvix K bx Pi MíwU AskMÖnYKvix `i ms iy _ K Ask wj fvm K i cvv Ki Z ejyb ( hw` wewfbœ fvlvfvlx jvk _ K _v K Zvn j cöwzwu fvlvq cvv Ki Z ejyb) GKwU Ask cvv Kiv kl n j _vgyb Ges h cökœ wj `Iqv n q Q m wj Kiæb hw` AskMÖnYKvix `i DËi w` Z mgm v nq Zvn j AskwU Avevi co b, Zv `i K wkqz Bw½Z w`b Ges cökœwu Avevi Kiæb wbwðz Kiæb h, KvR 7 n vûavdu 1: iæz c~y wba vikmg~n h wj AvPiY K cöfvwez K i - Gi Kwc hb cö Z K AskMÖnYKvixi nv Z _v K hv Z GB Abykxjbxi cökœ I DËi c e i mgq Zviv GwU `L Z cv ib gv S gv S `Lv hvq h, AskMÖnYKvixiv GB wel qi mv _ m ú wkz we kl wkqz wel qi Dci Av jvpbv K i Lye ekx mgq e q K ib hw` GgbwU N U, Zvn j Zv `i g b Kwi q w`b h, GB Abykxjbxi D Ïk n Q GB M íi wba vik wji Dci g bv hvm `Iqv, mek/ mwekvwu h c wzwu e envi K iwq jb mwu wk mwvk c wz wqj wkbv muv Av jvpbvi welq bq mbrb B Ggb Kvb D`vniY biqv nqwb hwui Dci AskMªnYKvix `i Zv `i cövmöv g KvR Kivi m vebv Av Q eis aygcv bi D`vniYwU GLv b e envi Kiv n q Q অ শ-১ জ ন য় র gv mi GK w` b, ûjvûjvi GKRb e R j Lykx g b cvnvox c_ e q GKRb ^v mwekv hvi bvg ivdv qjv Zvi evoxi cvk w ` q nu U hvw Q jb wzwb wmmv iu Lvw Q jb ivdv qjvi g b c o Mj wmmv iu LvIqvi Kvi Y Zvi evevi K výv i hš bv`vqk g Zÿ i K_v Ges GB wel q wzwb Zvi mgv R wkqz Kivi K_v wpšív Ki jb ivdv qjv Zvi DVvb _ K mb e R ji mv _ wkqzÿy K_v ej jb, Zvici wzwb Zv K ej jb, Zvi wmmv iu LvIqv eü Kiv DwPZ KviY G Z Zvi K vývi n Z cv i eq R jwu ej jb, ÔAvgvi KLbI K vývi n e bv Avgvi cwiev ii jv Kiv Lye Kómwnষ ণ Avi ^v evb Õ ZvB ivdv qjv Zv K eyws q ej jb aygcvb Ki j wkfv e h Kvb e w³i K výv i AvµvšÍ niqvi SzuwK A bk ekx _v K 106

108 deªqvix gv m mb e R jwu Avevi ivdv qjvi evoxi cvk w ` q nvuuwq jb ivdv qjv `L jb h wzwb ZL bv wmmv iu Lv Qb, ZvB ivdv qjv Zv K ej jb h ayccvb Ki j Zvi Ggwd mgvi n Z cv i e R jwu nvm jb Ges ej jb, ÔAvwg Rvwb bv Ggwd mgvuv wk, wkš Avwg wbwðz h hw` KLbI GUv Avgvi nq Zvn j GUv Ggb wkqz bq hv Avwg mvgjv Z cvie bv Õ ivdv qjv Zv K eyws q ej jb wk fq¼i GB Ggwd mgv ivm ivdv qjv eys Z cvi jb wzwb hw` K vývi wel q wkqz Ki Z Pvb Zvn j Zv K GB R ji mv _ K_v ejvi P qi Av ivi ekx wkqz Ki Z n e wzwb vbxq mgv Ri bzv `i mv _ KvR Ki jb Ges aygcv bi d j ^v i wk wk ai bi ÿwz n Z cv i mb me wel q KZK wj cvóvi Zix K i vbxq Rbmgv e ki vb wj Z UvwO q w` jb GQvovI wzwb mdjfv e mgv Ri bzv `i ivrx Kiv jb h, mgv Ri AvbyôvwbK wgwus wj Z KD aygcvb Ki Z cvi e bv bx Pi cökœ I Z_ wj e envi K i M íi GB AskwUi Dci Av jvpbv Kiæb AskMÖnYKvix `i DËi wj wd cpv U wjlyb Ges h DËi wj `Iqv n q Q m wj hb Zviv D jøl K ib mb welqwu wbwðz Kiæb AskMÖnYKvix `i KvR 7 n vûavdu 1 G wba vi Ki ZvwjKvwU `L Z ejyb ১. Avgiv M íi cö_g AskwU ïbjvg GB As k wk wk Kvi Y e R jwu aygcvb Kiv eü K ib wb? wzwb g b K ib bv h Zvi K vývi n Z cv i wzwb g b K ib h a~gcv bi Kvi b h ivm wj nq m wj Lye GKUv gvivz K bv ২. Kvb wba vik wji mv _ GB `ybwu Kvi Yi m ú K Av Q? wzwb g b K ib bv h Zvi K vývi n Z cv i: Dcj ms e`bkxjzv wzwb g b K ib h a ~gcv bi Kvi b h ivm wj nq m wj Lye GKUv gvivz K bv : Dcj ZxeªZv/ iæzizv Dcj djvdji MÖnY hvm DËi, KviY Dcj ZxeªZv nj GKwU wbwï ó ai bi Dcj djvdj M íi 2q AskwU co b 2q Ask gvp gvm Avmj, Avi mb e R j nuvdv Z nvudv Z cvnvo e q DV jb Ges nvudv Z nvudv Z ivdv qjv K Ôn v jvõ ej jb ivdv qjv Zv K wr Ám Ki jb K vývi wk Zv K GLbI a iwb bvwk e R jwu ej jb, ÔAvgvi GLbI K vývi nqwb, wkš hw` nq, Zvn j Avwg wbwðz h Avwg aygcvb Ki ji n e, bv Ki ji n e Avwg mvivrxeb a ib ayccvb K iwq!õ GB K _v ï b ivdv qj Zv K eyws q ej jb h wkfv e h Kvb eq m aygcvb eü K i wzwb Av ivi ekx w`b eu P _vk Z cv ib 107

109 Gwcªj gv m e R j ax i ax i Kvk Z Kvk Z K vší fw½ Z cvnvo e q DV jb wzwb Rvb Zb ivdv qjv Zv K wrávmv Ki eb, ZvB Zvi wr Ám Kivi Av MB wzwb wprkvi K i ej jb, Ôbv Avwg aygcvb Kiv eü Kwiwb, wkš Avwg eü Ki Z PvB Ges Avwg Póv K iwqjvg! wkš GUv eü Kiv Lye KwVb!Õ myzivs, ivdv qjv Zv K eyws q ej jb wkfv e mnr KZK wj Dcv q wzwb a~gcvb Kiv eü Ki Z cv ib g gv m, mb e jvkwu cvnv o DV Z A bk mgq wbj KviY wzwb je Yi e Ív wc V wb q Pjv GKwU L P ii gz K i k vm wbw Q jb ivdv qjv Zv K wr Ám Ki jb, ÔAvcwb wk GLbI a~gcvb Ki Qb?Õ wzwb ej jb, Ônü v, Avwg MZ eyaevi kl ev ii gz wmmv iu LvIqv eü Kijvg wkš mvßvwnk QzwUi w` b Avwg fz j Mjvg h Avwg Avi wmmv iu Lvw Q bv Avwg Uwe ji Dci GKwU c v KU `Ljvg Ges GKUv awi q djjvg!õ Avgvi wkqz ZB g b _v K bv h Avwg a~gcvb Kiv eü K i w` qwq Õ ivdv qjv Zv K eyws q ej jb h Zvi DwPZ n e mg Í wmmv iu Ges QvB`vwbwU d j `Iqv wb R K Ôg b Kwi qõ `Iqvi Rb h wzwb Avi a~gcvb K ib bv bx Pi cökœ I Z_ wj e envi K i M íi GB AskwUi Dci Av jvpbv Kiæb AskMÖnYKvix `i DËi wj wd cpv U wjlyb Ges h DËi wj `Iqv n q Q m wj hb Zviv D jøl K ib mb welqwu wbwðz Kiæb AskMÖnYKvix `i KvR 7 n vûavdu 1 G wba vi Ki ZvwjKvwU `L Z ejyb ৩. GLb Avgiv M íi wøzxq AskwU ïbjvg GB ch v q, wk wk Kvi Y e R jwu aygcvb Kiv eü K ib wb? wzwb g b K iwq jb h wzwb hw` a~gcvb Kiv Q oi `b; ZviciI Zvi K vývi n Z cv i wzwb f ewq jb h, Af vmwu eü Kiv LyeB KwVb wzwb Ôf~ j wm qwq jbõ h wzwb a~gcvb Kiv Q o w` q Qb ৪. Kvb wba vik wji mv _ GB `ybwu Kvi Yi m ú K Av Q? wzwb g b K iwq jb h wzwb hw ` a~gcvb Kiv Q oi `b; ZviciI Zvi K vývi n Z cv i : Dcj djvdj (c` ÿc MÖn bi Dcj ^-ÿgzvi GKwU MÖnY hvm DËi) wzwb f ewq jb h, Af vmwu eü Kiv LyeB KwVb: Dcj ^-ÿgzv/`ÿzv wzwb Ôf~ j wm qwq jbõ h wzwb a~gcvb Kiv Q o w` q Qb: c` ÿc MÖn Yi Bw½Z/g b Kwi q `Iqv 108

110 M íi 3q AskwU co b অ শ ৩ Ryb gv m e jvkwu K cvnv o IVvi mgq wzbevi _vg Z nj KviY Zvi wbk vm wb Z Kó nw Qj ivdv qjv Zv K ej jb, ÔAvcwb GLbI wmmv iu LvIqv eü K ib wb?õ e jvkwu ej jb, ÔGUv Av iv mnr nz hw` Avgvi me eüziv aygcvb bv KiZ! hzevi Avgvi Zv `i mv _ `Lv nq ZZeviB Avwg Avevi L Z ïiæ Kwi!Õ ZvB ivdv qjv Zv K eyws q ej jb h, nq Zv K Ggb eüz LyuR Z n e hviv wmmv iu Lvb bv, A_ev Zv K Zvi eüz `i K evsv Z n e hb ZvivI wmmv iu LvIqv Q o `b ivdv qjv mb e jvkwui mv _ Ges Zvi eüz `i mv _ `Lv Ki jb Ges Zviv ivdv qjvi mvnv h GKwU mvnvh Kvix `j MVb Ki jb Ges G K A b K wmmv iu LvIqv eü Ki Z mvnvh Ki Z jvm jb জ ল ইgv m mb e jvkwu K cvnv o DVvi mgq cvupevi _vg Z nj& wzwb ivdv qjv K W K ej jb, ÔAvgv K GLbB wkqz ej eb bv Avwg Rvwb GUv wbðqb Ck ii B Qv h Avwg aygcvb Kwi Ges aygcvb K ib gviv hvb, KviY g b n Q Avwg GUv eü Ki Z cvi ev bv Õ ivdv qjv jvkwu K Kwd L Z WvK jb Ges evb ej _ K c o kvbv jb hlv b jlvv Av Q Avgv `i `n gw ` ii gz (1 Kwi: 6: 19-20) wzwb eyws q ej jb evb ej e j GUv Ck ii B Qv bq h wzwb Zvi Af v mi Kvi Y gviv hvb (whkv: 65: 20) ivdv qjv GKgZ n jb h wzwb nq Zv wb R wb R a~gcvb eü Ki Z cvi eb bv; Ges Gi Rb Zvi mwz Kvi A _ B Ck ii mvnv h i cö qvrb Av Q wzwb Zv K civgk w` jb cöv_ bv Kivi Rb hv Z Ck i Zv K aygcvb Qvovi Rb kw³ `b Ges GUv Ki Z cvivi Rb Av ivi eyw I civgk `b AMvó gv m e jvkwu Ggb Lykx n q cvnv o DV jb h ` L g b nj wzwb Avevi hyek n q D V Qb! wzwb ivdv qjv K W K ej jb, ÔAvwg Avi aygcvb Kwi bv Avi Avgvi eüzivi K i bv! Avwg Zv `i evsv Z mg_ n qwq h aygcvb Q o w` q Avgiv h UvKv Rgv Z cvie Zv w` q Avgiv GKwU R j `i mgevq mwgwz MVb Ki Z cvie GLb Avgiv KDB Avi a~gcvb Kwi bv Avcbv K A bk ab ev`, ivdv qjv! Avwg Ck i K ab ev` w`b h, Avgvi mgq kl n q hviqvi Av MB Avgvi ARynvZ kl n q wm qwqj!õ R jwu Avevi Zvi kw³ wd i c qwq jb Ges wzwb 95 eqi eq m gviv wm qwq jb bx Pi cökœ I Z_ wj e envi K i M íi GB AskwUi Dci Av jvpbv Kiæb AskMÖnYKvix `i DËi wj wd cpv U wjlyb Ges h DËi wj `Iqv n q Q m wj hb Zviv D jøl K ib mb welqwu wbwðz Kiæb AskMÖnYKvix `i KvR 7 n vûavdu 1 G wba vi Ki ZvwjKvwU `L Z ejyb 109

111 ৫. GLb Avgiv M íi kl AskwU ïbjvg GB ch v q, Kvb `ybwu Kvi Y e R jwu aygcvb Kiv eü K ib wb? Zvi me eüziv a~gcvb Ki Zb wzwb wek vm K iwq jb h GUv Ck ii B Qv h wzwb a~cgvb Ki eb Ges K výv i gviv hv eb ৬. Kvb wba vik wji mv _ GB `ybwu Kvi Yi m ú K Av Q? Zvi me eüziv a~gcvb Ki Zb: Dcj mvgvwrk ixwzbxwz wzwb wek vm K iwq jb h GUv Ck ii B Qv h wzwb a~cgvb Ki eb Ges K výv i gviv hv eb: Dcj Hk wik B Qv ৭. e R jwu wmmv iu LvIqv eü Kivi Rb kl ch ší wk K iwq jb? wzwb Zvi eüz `i evsv Z mÿg n qwq jb h a~gcvb Kiv eü K i Zviv h UvKv Rgv Z cvi eb mb UvKv w` q Zviv GKwU R j `i mgevq mwgwz MVb Ki Z cvi eb ৮. Kvb wba vikwu GwUi mv _ m ú wkz? Dcj BwZevPK djvdj (GwU wkqz eo DcKvwiZvi mv _I m ú Khy³ n Z cv i hgb, mdjzv ev gh v`v) ৯. AvPiY cwiez b Kivi Rb Dchy³ evz v e envi Kivi cvkvcvwk ivdv qjv Ges R jiv Avi wk wk KvR K iwqj hv mb e R j K a~gcvb eü Ki Z mvnvh K iwqj? deªæqvix: m PZbZv e w Kivi Rb Ges mgv Ri jvk `i mvgvwrk ixwzbxwz cwiez b Kivi Rb ivdv qjv mgv Ri bzv `i ivrx Kiv jb h mgv Ri AvbyôvwbK wgwus wj Z KD a~gcvb Ki Z cvi e bv deªqvix/ g: ivdv qjv Ôcwi ekmz wbqš bõ c wz e envi K i R jwu K w` q Zvi mg Í cyiv bv wmmv i Ui c v KU Ges QvB`vbx d j w` jb hv Z Zv K cybivq a~gcvb Ki Z DrmvwnZ Kivi mg Í Bw½Z gy Q djv hvq Ryb: ivdv qjv R jwui Rb Ges Zvi eüz `i Rb a~gcvb eü Kivi GKwU mvnvh Kvix `j MVb Ki jb 110

112 AMvó: mb e R j Ges Zvi eüziv wmmv iu LvIqv eü K i h UvKv Rwg qwq jb mb UvKv w` q GKwU Ô R j `i mgevq mwgwzõ ïiæ Ki jb (GKwU wekí Kvh µg) 10. e vl v Kiæb: Avgv `i we køly K i `L Z n e h, GB m ve wba vik wji cö Z KwUB (Ôevav wjõ Ges ÔmwµqK wjõ) wk Avgiv h AvPiY K DbœxZ KiwQ mwu K cöfvwez K i wkbv G `i h Kvb GKwU (ev G `i Kvb mgwš^z iæc) Kvb e w³ K Kvb AvPiY AvqZ Ki Z mvnvh Ki Z cv i ev evav w` Z cv i 111

113 KvR 7 n vûavdu 3 (AskMÖnYKvix `i ms iy) wba vik wpwýz Kivi Abykxjbx গ - ১: GKRb R j hvi mgq kl n q hviqvi Av MB ARynvZ kl n q wm qwqj jlk: Ug Wwfm MíwU wzbwu As k fvm K i cvv Kiæb Ges ÔKvR 7 n vûavdu 1: iæz c~y wba vikmg~n h wj AvPiY K cöfvwez K iõ GwU e envi K i Avcbvi mnvqk/mnvwqkv h cökœ wj Ki eb m wji DËi w`b Ask - 1 জ ন য় র gv mi GK w` b, ûjvûjvi GKRb e R j Lykx g b cvnvox c_ e q GKRb ^v mwekv hvi bvg ivdv qjv Zvi evoxi cvk w` q nu U hvw Q jb wzwb wmmv iu Lvw Q jb ivdv qjvi g b c o Mj wmmv iu LvIqvi Kvi Y Zvi evevi K výv i hš bv`vqk g Zÿ i K_v Ges GB wel q wzwb Zvi mgv R wkqz Kivi K_v wpšív Ki jb ivdv qjv Zvi DVvb _ K mb e R ji mv _ wkqzÿy K_v ej jb, Zvici wzwb Zv K ej jb, Zvi wmmv iu LvIqv eü Kiv DwPZ KviY G Z Zvi K vývi n Z cv i eq R jwu ej jb, ÔAvgvi KLbI K vývi n e bv Avgvi cwiev ii jv Kiv Lye Kómwnষ ণ Avi ^v evb Õ ZvB ivdv qjv Zv K eyws q ej jb aygcvb Ki j wkfv e h Kvb e w³i K výv i AvµvšÍ niqvi SzuwK A bk ekx _v K deªqvix gv m mb e R jwu Avevi ivdv qjvi evoxi cvk w` q nvuuwq jb ivdv qjv `L jb h wzwb ZL bv wmmv iu Lv Qb, ZvB ivdv qjv Zv K ej jb h ayccvb Ki j Zvi Ggwd mgvi n Z cv i e R jwu nvm jb Ges ej jb, ÔAvwg Rvwbbv Ggwd mgvuv wk, wkš Avwg wbwðz h hw` KLbI GUv Avgvi nq Zvn j GUv Ggb wkqz bq hv Avwg mvgjv Z cvie bv Õ ivdv qjv Zv K eyws q ej jb wk fq¼i GB Ggwd mgv ivm ivdv qjv eys Z cvi jb wzwb hw` K vývi wel q wkqz Ki Z Pvb Zvn j Zv K GB R ji mv _ K_v ejvi P qi Av ivi ekx wkqz Ki Z n e wzwb vbxq mgv Ri bzv `i mv _ KvR Ki jb Ges aygcv bi d j ^v i wk wk ai bi ÿwz n Z cv i mb me wel q KZK wj cvóvi Zix K i vbxq Rbmgv e ki vb wj Z UvwO q w` jb GQvovI wzwb mdjfv e mgv Ri bzv `i ivrx Kiv jb h, mgv Ri AvbyôvwbK wgwus wj Z KD aygcvb Ki Z cvi e bv 112

114 Ask - 2 gvp gvm Avmj, Avi mb e R j nuvdv Z nvudv Z cvnvo e q DV jb Ges nvudv Z nvudv Z ivdv qjv K Ôn v jvõ ej jb ivdv qjv Zv K wr Ám Ki jb K vývi wk Zv K GLbI a iwb bvwk e R jwu ej jb, ÔAvgvi GLbI K vývi nqwb, wkš hw` nq, Zvn j Avwg wbwðz h Avwg aygcvb Ki ji n e bv Ki ji n e Avwg mvivrxeb a ib ayccvb K iwq!õ GB K_v ï b ivdv qj Zv K eyws q ej jb h wkfv e h Kvb eq m aygcvb eü K i wzwb Av ivi ekx w`b eu P _vk Z cv ib Gwcªj gv m e R j ax i ax i Kvk Z Kvk Z K vší fw½ Z cvnvo e q DV jb wzwb Rvb Zb ivdv qjv Zv K wrávmv Ki eb, ZvB Zvi wr Ám Kivi Av MB wzwb wprkvi K i ej jb, Ôbv Avwg aygcvb Kiv eü Kwiwb, wkš Avwg eü Ki Z PvB Ges Avwg Póv K iwqjvg! wkš GUv eü Kiv Lye KwVb!Õ myzivs, ivdv qjv Zv K eyws q ej jb wkfv e mnr KZK wj Dcv q wzwb a~gcvb Kiv eü Ki Z cv ib g gv m, mb e jvkwu cvnv o DV Z A bk mgq wbj KviY wzwb je Yi e Ív wc V wb q Pjv GKwU L P ii gz K i k vm wbw Q jb ivdv qjv Zv K wr Ám Ki jb, ÔAvcwb wk GLbI a~gcvb Ki Qb?Õ wzwb ej jb, Ônü v, Avwg MZ eyaevi kl ev ii gz wmmv iu LvIqv eü Kijvg wkš mvßvwnk QzwUi w` b Avwg fz j Mjvg h Avwg Avi wmmv iu Lvw Q bv Avwg Uwe ji Dci GKwU c v KU `Ljvg Ges GKUv awi q djjvg!õ Avgvi wkqz ZB g b _v K bv h Avwg a~gcvb Kiv eü K i w` qwq Õ ivdv qjv Zv K eyws q ej jb h Zvi DwPZ n e mg Í wmmv iu Ges QvB`vwbwU d j `Iqv wb R K Ôg b Kwi qõ `Iqvi Rb h wzwb Avi a~gcvb K ib bv Ask - 3 Ryb gv m e jvkwu K cvnv o IVvi mgq wzbevi _vg Z nj KviY Zvi wbk vm wb Z Kó nw Qj ivdv qjv Zv K ej jb, ÔAvcwb GLbI wmmv iu LvIqv eü K ib wb?õ e jvkwu ej jb, ÔGUv Av iv mnr nz hw` Avgvi me eüziv aygcvb bv KiZ! hzevi Avgvi Zv `i mv _ `Lv nq ZZeviB Avwg Avevi L Z ïiæ Kwi!Õ ZvB ivdv qjv Zv K eyws q ej jb h, nq Zv K Ggb eüz LyuR Z n e hviv wmmv iu Lvb bv, A_ev Zv K Zvi eüz `i K evsv Z n e hb ZvivI wmmv iu LvIqv Q o `b ivdv qjv mb e jvkwui mv _ Ges Zvi eüz `i mv _ `Lv Ki jb Ges Zviv ivdv qjvi mvnv h GKwU mvnvh Kvix `j MVb Ki jb Ges G K A b K wmmv iu LvIqv eü Ki Z mvnvh Ki Z jvm jb জ ল ইgv m mb e jvkwu K cvnv o DVvi mgq cvupevi _vg Z nj& wzwb ivdv qjv K W K ej jb, ÔAvgv K GLbB wkqz ej eb bv Avwg Rvwb GUv wbðqb Ck ii B Qv h Avwg aygcvb Kwi Ges aygcvb K ib gviv hvb, KviY g b n Q Avwg GUv eü Ki Z cvi ev bv Õ ivdv qjv jvkwu K Kwd L Z WvK jb Ges evb ej _ K c o kvbv jb hlv b jlvv Av Q Avgv `i `n gw ` ii gz (1 Kwi: 6: 19-20) wzwb eyws q ej jb evb ej e j GUv Ck ii B Qv bq h wzwb Zvi Af v mi Kvi Y gviv 113

115 hvb (whkv: 65: 20) ivdv qjv GKgZ n jb h wzwb nq Zv wb R wb R a~gcvb eü Ki Z cvi eb bv; Ges Gi Rb Zvi mwz Kvi A _ B Ck ii mvnv h i cö qvrb Av Q wzwb Zv K civgk w` jb cöv_ bv Kivi Rb hv Z Ck i Zv K aygcvb Qvovi Rb kw³ `b Ges GUv Ki Z cvivi Rb Av ivi eyw I civgk `b AMvó gv m e jvkwu Ggb Lykx n q cvnv o DV jb h ` L g b nj wzwb Avevi hyek n q D V Qb! wzwb ivdv qjv K W K ej jb, ÔAvwg Avi aygcvb Kwi bv Avi Avgvi eüzivi K i bv! Avwg Zv `i evsv Z mg_ n qwq h aygcvb Q o w` q Avgiv h UvKv Rgv Z cvie Zv w` q Avgiv GKwU R j `i mgevq mwgwz MVb Ki Z cvie GLb Avgiv KDB Avi a~gcvb Kwi bv Avcbv K A bk ab ev`, ivdv qjv! Avwg Ck i K ab ev` w`b h, Avgvi mgq kl n q hviqvi Av MB Avgvi ARynvZ kl n q wm qwqj!õ R jwu Avevi Zvi kw³ wd i c qwq jb Ges wzwb 95 eqi eq m gviv wm qwq jb 114

116 KvR 7 n vûavdu 4 (mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i ms iy) wba vikmg~n wpwýz Kivi Abykxjbx গ - 2: Iমর Kb km vmviwu ˆZix কর jb jlk K v iv jbb I qu Rj GKRb AskMÖnYKvix K bx Pi MíwU AskMÖnYKvix `i ms iy _ K Ask wj fvm K i cvv Ki Z ejyb ( hw` wewfbœ fvlvfvlx jvk _ K _v K Zvn j cöwzwu fvlvq cvv Ki Z ejyb) GKwU Ask cvv Kiv kl n j _vgyb Ges h cökœ wj `Iqv n q Q m wj Kiæb hw` AskMÖnYKvix `i DËi w` Z mgm v nq Zvn j AskwU Avevi co b, Zv `i K wkqz Bw½Z w`b Ges cökœwu Avevi Kiæb wbwðz Kiæb h, KvR 7 n vûavdu 1: iæz c~y wba vikmg~n h wj AvPiY K cöfvwez K i - Gi Kwc hb cö Z K AskMÖnYKvixi nv Z _v K hv Z GB Abykxjbxi cökœ I DËi c e i mgq Zviv GwU `L Z cv ib gv S gv S `Lv hvq h, AskMÖnYKvixiv GB wel qi mv _ m ú wkz we kl wkqz wel qi Dci Av jvpbv K i Lye ekx mgq e q K ib hw` GgbwU N U, Zvn j Zv `i g b Kwi q w`b h, GB Abykxjbxi D Ïk n Q GB M íi wba vik wji Dci g bv hvm `Iqv, mek/ mwekvwu h c wzwu e envi K iwq jb mwu wk mwvk c wz wqj wkbv muv Av jvpbvi welq bq mbrb B Ggb Kvb D`vniY biqv nqwb hwui Dci AskMªnYKvix `i Zv `i cövmöv g KvR Kivi m vebv Av Q eis aygcv bi D`vniYwU GLv b e envi Kiv n q Q অ শ ১ GKw`b müv ejv Igi hlb Zvi f Ævi Pviv wj jvmv bv kl Ki jb Zvi wzb mßvn ci (hlb Pviv wj _ K f Æv MvQ ei n Z ïiæ K i Q), Zvi GKRb cöwz ekx Avjx Zvi evox Z eov Z Avm jb MZ eqi Igi f~æv jvwm qwq jb, wkš `yf vm ekz Bù yi Avi cvkvgvk oi Kvi Y Zvi dm ji wzb fv Mi GKfvM bó n q wm qwqj Zviv `ybr b Av bi cv k em jb, Pv L jb Ges MÖv g wk n Q bv n Q BZ vw` wb q Avjvc Ki jb Avjx wq jb hyek Ges wzwb Igi `i K lk ` ji bzv wq jb Avjx gvî wkqzw`b Av M mikvix jvk `i Øviv cwipvwjz GKwU cöwkÿ Y AskMÖnb K i Qb hv KvQvKvwQ GKwU kn i AbywôZ n qwqj Avjx Lye Drmv ni mv _ GKwU bzzb Dcv qi wel q ej jb hv wzwb wk L G mwq jb h wkfv e dmj msmö ni ci km wj h Zœi mv _ ïwk q gvwui km vmv i grỳ K i ivlvi gva g ÿwz Kgv bv m e Avjx Igi K ej jb h, hw` wzwb ïkv bv, hzœ I gryz K i ivlvi GB byzb c wzwu PP v K ib Zvn j wzwb LvIqvi Rb Ges wewµ Kivi Rb Av ivi kzkiv

117 fvm f~æv a i ivl Z cvi eb Igi Zviv cöwz ekxi cöwz Af`ª n Z PvB jb bv ZvB wzwb Avi GK Kvc Pv w` jb Ges GKUz m ` ni nvwm nvm jb Igi hw`i MZ eqi Zvi dm ji wzb fv Mi GKfvM nvwi q d jwq jb, wkš ZviciI wzwb fve jb h GUvi KviY nj wzwb Zgb mz K wq jb bv hgb, wzwb `ezv K fvm `bwb Ges gv mi mwvk mg q dmj msmön K ib wb c ii mßv n Igi, Avjxi K lk ` ji mfvq hvm w` jb Avjx Igi K eyws q ej jb h, GB GjvKvq Bù yi Avi cvkvi Dc`ªc Ck i K fvm bv `Iqvi Rb ev mwvk mg q dmj msmªn bv Kivi Rb bq mfvi Ab vb K l KivI GB wel q GKgZ n jb Avjx ` ji jvk `i ej jb h, Bù yi Ges cvkvi mgm v _vkv m Z I, GUv m e h msmön Kivi ci f~ævi GKUv `vbvi bó n e bv hw` msiÿ bi mwvk c wzwu e envi Kiv nq wzwb ej jb h msmön Kivi ci f~æv nvwo q djv nj dmj msmön-ciezx ÿwz Ges GUv K we kl hzœ I gryzvmvi Zix Kivi gva g cöwz iva Kiv m e Ig ii KLbI GUv g b nqwb h GB ÿwzi Ab Kvb KviY Av Q Ges Bù yi I cvkvgvk oi Øviv dm ji GKUv Ask bó n q hviqv _ K dmj K iÿv Kivi Ab Kvb Dcvq Av Q ZeyI Ig ii g b m `n wqj h, Zvi gz GKRb e K lk KLbI km K B`yui I cvkvgvk oi Dc`ªc _ K iÿv Ki Z cvi e, KviY GB Ziæb K l Kiv hlb gv qi `ya LZ mb mgq _ K GB GKB Dcv q wzwb Zvi km gryz K i Avm Qb wzwb Avjxi gz Ziæb wq jb bv, wzwb KLbI wk Lb wb wkfv e GB we kl km vmvi Zix Ki Z nq, wzwb cov jlv Rvb Zb bv, wzwb mikvix Kg KZv `i Øviv cwipvwjz Kvb cöwkÿ Y KLbI hvb wb bx Pi cökœ I Z_ wj e envi K i M íi GB AskwUi Dci Av jvpbv Kiæb AskMÖnYKvix `i DËi wj wd cpv U wjlyb Ges h DËi wj `Iqv n q Q m wj hb Zviv D jøl K ib mb welqwu wbwðz Kiæb AskMÖnYKvix `i KvR 7 n vûavdu 1 G wba vi Ki ZvwjKvwU `L Z ejyb ১. Avgiv M íi cö_g AskwU ïbjvg GB ch v q, wk wk Kvi Y Igi km msmö ni ci k m i ÿwz iva Kivi Rb byzb AvPiY wj Póv K i `L eb bv? wzwb g b K ib bv h km msmö ni ciezx mg q k m i h ÿwz nq Zv km vmvi ˆZix Kivi gva g ev k m i cwipp v Kivi gva g cªwz iva Kiv m e wzwb g b K ib h bzzb AvPiYwU klvi Rb Zvi A bk ekx eqm n q M Q wzwb g b K ib h, wzwb GB AvPiYwU AvqZ Ki Z cvi Zb hw` wzwb jlvcov Rvb Zb ev Kvb mikvix Kg KZ v hw` Zv K cöwkÿy `vb Ki Zb 116

118 ২. Kvb wba vik wji mv _ GB `ybwu KviY wji m ú K Av Q? wzwb g b K ib bv h km msmö ni ciezx mg q k m i h ÿwz nq Zv km vmvi ˆZix Kivi gva g ev k m i cwipp v Kivi gva g cªwz iva Kiv m e: Dcj djvdj (c` ÿc MÖn bi Dcj ^-ÿgzv GwUI GKwU MÖnY hvm DËi) wzwb g b K ib h bzzb AvPiYwU klvi Rb Zvi A bk ekx eqm n q M Q: Dcj ^ÿgzv/`ÿzv wzwb g b K ib h, wzwb GB AvPiYwU AvqZ Ki Z cvi Zb hw` wzwb jlvcov Rvb Zb ev Kvb mikvix Kg KZ v hw` Zv K cöwkÿy `vb Ki Zb: Dcj ^-ÿgzv / `ÿzv M íi wøzxq AskwUU cvv Kiæb অ শ-২ Qq mßvn ci Ig ii f ÆvMv wj e o Zvi eyk ch ší j ^v nj Ges mb mgq K lk `i gvv ch v qi Avi GKUv wgwus qi mgq n q wm qwqj Avjx ` ji mkj m`m `i `wl q w`j wkfv e f~æv ïkv Z nq Ges Avg Mv Qi giv Wv ji QvB w` q wkfv e G wji cwipp v Ki Z nq Zvici wzwb `Lv jb wkfv e Kv`vgvwU w` q km vmvi Zix Ki Z nq evoxi KvR wnmv e wzwb ` ji cö Z K m`m K Kv`vgvwU w` q GKwU km vmvi ˆZix Ki Z ej jb Ges AvgMv Qi giv Wvj LyuR Z ej jb hv Z cö Z K m`m B km msmö ni ci Zv `i ïkbv f~ævi cwipp vq Gi QvB cö qvm Ki Z cv ib Igi g b g b GB wpšív K i nvm jb h Zvi cöwz ekxiv wk Ki e hlb Zviv `L e h m Kv`v gvwu w` q Zvi evoxi mvg b GKwU km vmvi ˆZix Kivi Póv Ki Q wzwb Rvb Zb Zvi cöwz ekxiv Zv K wb q Zvgvkv Ki e GB e j h m AvaywbK I wkwÿz niqvi Póv Ki Q wzwb GUvI Rvb Zb h Zvi x Zv K Kg K_v kvbv eb bv hw` wzwb QvB Zix Kivi Rb AvgMv Qi giv Wvj Ly ur ewo q A a K w`b bó K ib huv bvwk g vwr Ki gz B`yui Avi cvkvgvk oi nvz _ K f~æv K iÿv Ki e wzwb wm vší wb jb h wzwb gvwui km vmvi ˆZix Ki eb bv ev AvgMv Qi QvBI e envi Ki eb bv Zvi K qk gvm ci, GKw`b Igi `L jb h Zvi L oi Mvjvevwo Z e Ívq ivlv wgwó Avjyi A a KUv B`yui L q d j Q Zvi gbuv G Zv Lvivc n q Mj h wzwb K l K `i ` j wd i wm q Avjxi civgk kvbvi wm vší wb jb GBev i, `jwu wgwus Avjxi cöwz ekx nvwg `i evox Z emj Igi Avð h n q `L jb h nvwg` gvwui km vmvi ˆZix K i Qb wzwb hlb gvwui km vmviwui Kv Q M jb wzwb eys Z cvi jb bv Gi wfz i wk Av Q ev nvwg` wk Gi wfz i h _ó Lv` km i L Qb wkbv GB MvcbxqZv ` L Zvi Bl v nj 117

119 A a K Avjy bó n q hviqvi Rb KD nvwg `i w` K ZvwK q nvmwqj bv! Bbym bv g Av ik Rb cªwz ekx `j K ej jb h GB gvwui km vmv ii A bk fvj w`k wj GKwU nj GLv b km, Ij ev mâx ivlv hvq Ges P Ui e Ív Avi wkb Z nq bv Igi gvwui km vmviwui wfz i `L jb Ges `L Z c jb h mwu Z wgwó Avjy fiv wqj! me Avjy ïkbv wqj Ges B`yui ev cvkvgvko m wj K úk Ki Z cv iwb bx Pi cökœ I Z_ wj e envi K i M íi GB AskwUi Dci Av jvpbv Kiæb AskMÖnYKvix `i DËi wj wd cpv U wjlyb Ges h DËi wj `Iqv n q Q m wj hb Zviv D jøl K ib mb welqwu wbwðz Kiæb AskMÖnYKvix `i KvR 7 n vûavdu 1 G wba vi Ki ZvwjKvwU `L Z ejyb ৩. Avgiv M íi wøzxq AskwU ïbjvg GB ch v q, wk wk Kvi Y Igi km msmö ni ciezx mg q k m i ÿwz iva Kivi Rb byzb AvPiY wj Póv K i `L eb bv? wzwb g b K ib h Zvi cvovcöwz ekxiv Zvi m ú K Lvivc ej e Ges Zv K wb q Zvgvkv Ki e wzwb f ewq jb Zvi bvbvikg Awf hvm Ki eb wzwb wek vm K ib wb h Avg Mv Qi QvB Zvi f~æv K B`yui I cvkvgvk oi nvz _ K evupv Z cvi e ৪. Kvb wba vik wji GB wzbwu Kvi Yi mv _ m ú K Av Q? wzwb g b K ib h Zvi cvovcöwz ekxiv Zvi m ú K Lvivc ej e Ges Zv K wb q Zvgvkv Ki e: Dcj bwzevpk djvdj bvu: AskMÖnYKvixiv nq Zv Dcj mvgvwrk ixwzbxwz ej eb hw` ZvB nq, Zvn j ejyb h, GLv b Ggb Kvb e w³ wq jb bv whwb Ig ii Kv Q iæz c~y, Ges wzwb Zvi cöwz ekxiv Zvi m ú K wk ej eb muvi PvB Z wzwb ekx wpwšíz wq jb Zviv Zv K wb q wk Ki eb (Zvgvkv) muv wb q mb Kvi Y fvj nq GUv K Dcj bwzevpk djvdj wnmv e wpwýz Kiv wzwb f ewq jb Zvi bvbvikg Awf hvm Ki eb: Dcj mvgvwrk ixwzbxwz (Zvi fq wqj h Zvi Kv Q iæz c~y Ggb Kvb e w³ Zvi m ú K Lvivc fve eb Ges Zv K muv ej eb) wzwb wek vm K ib wb h Avg Mv Qi QvB Zvi f~æv K B`yui I cvkvgvk oi nvz _ K evupv Z cvi e: Dcj bwzevpk djvdj (c` ÿc MÖn Yi Dcj ^-ÿgzv GwUI MÖnY hvm DËi) 118

120 ৫. wk NUj hv Igi K mvnvh Kij Zvi km wj ïkv Z I cwipp v Ki Z Ges m wj K gvwui km vmv i gryz K i i L cvkvgvk oi nvz _ K km iÿv K i ÿwz cöwz iva Ki Z? Kvb wba vik wji GB KviY wji mv _ hvm Av Q? hlb Zvi A a K wgwó Avjy B`yu i L q djj ZLb GUv Zv K g b Kwi q w`j h Zvi AvPiY cwiez b Kivi cª qvrb Av Q: c` ÿc MÖn bi Bw½Z/g b Kwi q `Iqv Igi `L jb h gvwui km vmvi MvcbxqZv iÿv K i, P Ui e Ív wkb Z bv jvmvq UvKv ev up, Ges gvwui km vmvi I QvB Lv` km wj ïkbv iv L I cvkvgvk oi nvz _ K iÿv K i: Dcj BwZevPK djvdj M íi Z Zxq AskwU cvv Kiæb অ শ-৩ wgwus k l, Avjx Igi K wr Ám Ki jb, wzwb wk gvwui km vmvi Zix Ki Z Pvb wkbv Ges f~æv wj Z km vmv i ivlvi Av M m wj ïwk q wb q cwipp v Ki Z Pvb wkbv Igi Avjx K ej jb h, wzwb ` L Qb wkfv e gvwui km vmviwu wgwó Avjy wj K iÿv K i Q, wkš ZviciI GUv QvZv cov, B`yui, wp K BZ vw` _ K km wj K iÿv Ki Z cvi e bv KviY G wj gvwui km vmv ii gyl w` q XzK Z cvi e m Av ivi ejj h, km vmviwu Zix Kivi cö qvrbxq Kv`vgvwU h RvqMvq cviqv hvq mwu cövq GKw` bi iv Ív, Zvi c ÿ GZ mgq Zvi gv Vi KvR _ K `y i _vkv m e bq GgbwK hw`i m Kv`vgvwU cvq, Zvi gz GKRb e jvk wkfv e cvi e GKwU gvwui km vmvi evbv Z? Ges, Igi Rvb Zv wzwb Zv Ki Z cvi eb bv KviY wzwb fz j wm qwq jb Avg Mv Qi giv Wvj msmön Ki Z huv w` q QvB evwb q f~ævi cwipp v Ki Z n e Ges Zvi Rwgi Av kcv k Kv_vI Kvb Avg MvQ bb Avjxi wkqz aviyv wqj wkfv e GB evav wj K `~i Kiv hvq wzwb Igi K eyws q ivwr Kiv jb wzwb hb GKRb cöwz ekxi mv _ Zvi MvavwU K h RvqMv _ K Kv`v msmön Kiv nq mb RvqMvq cvvvb Lye Aí UvKvi wewbg q mb cöwz ekxwu Ig ii Mvavi wc V we kl mb Kv`v evsvb K i w` jb hv km vmvi ˆZixi Rb cö qvrb wqj Zvici Avjx GKwU cy iv `ycyi a i Igi K klv jb wkfv e GKwU gvwui km vmvi ˆZix Ki Z nq Zvici, Avjx Zv K Zvi wkqz Avg Mv Qi QvB w` jb hv Z wzwb Zvi f~æv wji cwipp v Ki Z cv ib; GB k Z wzwb GUv Ki jb h c ii eqi Igi Zvi Rb QvB evbv eb mb wgwó Avjy wj nviv bvi e vcv i Ig ii wfz i ZLbI ivm wqj Ges Avjxi cö ivpbvq GB byzb KvRwU ïiæ Kivi aviyvwu KI Zvi Kv Q cvmjvwg Avi SzuwKc~Y e j g b nw Qj 119

121 mvz gvm ci `Lv Mj h, Ig ii gvwui km vmv i GZ km Av Q h km msmö ni GZ gvm ci Av M KLbB GZ km _vk Zv bv Zvi f~ævi GKUv `vbvi B`yui ev cvkvq Kv Uwb! GUv ` L Igi eys Z cvi jb h wzwb Avm j h ZvUv bv f ewq jb Zvi P q ekx f~æv wzwb nvivw Q jb B`uyi Avi cvkvi Kvi Y mwvkfv e dmj iÿv Ki Z cvivq Igi I Zvi x Av ivi ekx km wewµ Ki Z cvi jb Ges Zv `i g q K z j cvvv Z cvi jb, hv Zv `i A bk w` bi B Qv wqj bx Pi cökœ I Z_ wj e envi K i M íi GB AskwUi Dci Av jvpbv Kiæb AskMÖnYKvix `i DËi wj wd cpv U wjlyb Ges h DËi wj `Iqv n q Q m wj hb Zviv D jøl K ib mb welqwu wbwðz Kiæb AskMÖnYKvix `i KvR 7 n vûavdu 1 G wba vi Ki ZvwjKvwU `L Z ejyb 6. M íi Z Zxq AskwU GLb Avgiv ïbjvg GB ch v q, wk wk Kvi Y Igi km msmö ni ci k m i ÿwz iva Kivi Rb byzb AvPiY wj Póv K i `L eb bv? wzwb g b K ib bv h gvwui km vmviwu cvkvgvko wji nvz _ K Ges QvZv c o bó n q hviqvi nvz _ K Zvi f~æv wj K iÿv Ki Z cvi e gvwu w` q km vmvi Zix Kivi Rb h Kv`vi cö qvrb wqj Zv msmön Kivi my hvm myweav Zvi wqj bv fzæv wji cwiph vi Rb QvB Zix Ki Z h Avg Mv Qi cª qvrb Zv cviqvi my hvm myweav Zvi wqj bv 7. Kvb wba vik wji mv _ GB wzbwu KviY wji m ú K Av Q? wzwb g b K ib bv h gvwui km vmviwu cvkvgvko wji nvz _ K Ges QvZv c o bó n q hviqvi nvz _ K Zvi f~æv wj K iÿv Ki Z cvi e: Dcj bwzevpk djvdj (c` ÿc MÖn Yi Dcj ^-ÿgzv GwUI GKwU MÖnY hvm DËi) gvwu w` q km vmvi Zix Kivi Rb h Kv`vi cö qvrb wqj Zv msmön Kivi my hvm myweav Zvi wqj bv: my hvm myweav fzæv wji cwiph vi Rb QvB Zix Ki Z h Avg Mv Qi cª qvrb Zv cviqvi my hvm myweav Zvi wqj bv: my hvm myweav 120

122 8. wk NUj hv Igi K mvnvh Kij Zvi km wj ïkv Z I cwipp v Ki Z Ges m wj K gvwui km vmv i gryz K i i L cvkvgvk oi nvz _ K km iÿv K i ÿwz cöwz iva Ki Z? Ab Av ikrb e w³ Igi K Kv`vgvwU msmön Ki Z mvnvh K iwq jb Avjx Igi K wkwl qwq jb wkfv e gvwu w` q GKwU my `i kl vmvi ˆZix Ki Z nq Avjx Igi K cö qvrbxq QvB avi w` qwq jb 9. Kvb wba vik wji GB KviY wji mv _ m ú K Av Q? Ab Av ikrb e w³ Igi K Kv`vgvwU msmön Ki Z mvnvh K iwq jb: my hvmmyweav Avjx Igi K wkwl qwq jb wkfv e gvwu w` q GKwU my `i kl vmvi ˆZix Ki Z nq: Dcj ^ÿgzv/`ÿzv Avjx Igi K cö qvrbxq QvB avi w` qwq jb: my hvmmyweav 10. bzyb AvPiY wj AvqË Kivi d j wk N UwQj hv m ez Igi K mvnvh Ki e GB AvPiY wji PP v Pvwj q h Z? wzwb cöpzi cwigv b km iÿv Ki Z c iwq jb, wzwb Dcjwä Ki Z c iwq jb h KZ cwigvy f~æv wzwb B`yui Avi cvkvgvk oi Kvi Y nvivw Q jb, Ges wzwb A bk cwigv Y f~æv wewµ Ki Z c iwq jb Gi d j wzwb Zvi g q K z j cvvv Z c iwq jb hv Zvi A bkw` bi B Qv wqj GB wj wqj Dcj BwZevPK djvdj hv Zvi Kv Q g~j evb wqj Ges h wj Zv K GB AvPiY wj Pvwj q h Z mvnvh Ki e 121

123 KvR 7 n vûavdu 4 (AskMÖnYKvix `i ms iy) নধ র র mg~n wpwýz Kivi Abykxjb গ 2: Igi Kb kl vmvi ˆZix Ki jb jlk: K v iv jbb I qu Rj MíwU wzbwu As k fvm K i cvv Kiæb Ges ÔKvR 7 n vûavdu 1: iæz c~y wba vikmg~n h wj AvPiY K cöfvwez K iõ GwU e envi K i Avcbvi mnvqk/mnvwqkv h cökœ wj Ki eb m wji DËi w`b অ শ-১ GKw`b müv ejv Igi hlb Zvi f Ævi Pviv wj jvmv bv kl Ki jb Zvi wzb mßvn ci (hlb Pviv wj _ K f Æv MvQ ei n Z ïiæ K i Q ), Zvi GKRb cöwz ekx Avjx Zvi evox Z eov Z Avm jb MZ eqi Igi f~æv jvwm qwq jb, wkš `yf vm ekz Bu`yi Avi cvkvgvk oi Kvi Y Zvi dm ji wzb fv Mi GKfvM bó n q wm qwqj Zviv `ybr b Av bi cv k em jb, Pv L jb Ges MÖv g wk n Q bv n Q BZ vw` wb q Avjvc Ki jb Avjx wq jb hyek Ges wzwb Igi `i K lk ` ji bzv wq jb Avjx gvî wkqzw`b Av M mikvix jvk `i Øviv cwipvwjz GKwU cöwkÿ Y AskMÖnb K i Qb hv KvQvKvwQ GKwU kn i AbywôZ n qwqj Avjx Lye Drmv ni mv _ GKwU bzzb Dcv qi wel q ej jb hv wzwb wk L G mwq jb h wkfv e dmj msmö ni ci km wj h Zœi mv _ ïwk q gvwui km vmv i gry` K i ivlvi gva g ÿwz Kgv bv m e Avjx Igi K ej jb h hw` wzwb ïkv bv, hzœ I gryz K i ivlvi GB byzb c wzwu PP v K ib Zvn j wzwb LvIqvi Rb Ges wewµ Kivi Rb Av ivi kzkiv fvm f~æv a i ivl Z cvi eb Igi Zviv cöwz ekxi cöwz Af `ª n Z PvB jb bv ZvB wzwb Avi GK Kvc Pv w` jb Ges GKUz m ` ni nvwm nvm jb Igi hw`i MZ eqi Zvi dm ji wzb fv Mi GKfvM nvwi q d jwq jb, wkš ZviciI wzwb fve jb h GUvi KviY nj wzwb Zgb mz K wq jb bv hgb, wzwb `ezv K fvm `b wb Ges gv mi mwvk mg q dmj msmön K ib wb c ii m ßv n Igi Avjxi K lk ` ji mfvq hvm w` jb Avjx Igi K eyws q ej jb h, GB GjvKvq Bù yi Avi cvkvi Dc`ªc Ck i K fvm bv `Iqvi Rb ev mwvk mg q dmj msmªn bv Kivi Rb bq mfvi Ab vb K l KivI GB wel q GKgZ n jb Avjx ` ji jvk `i ej jb h, Bù yi Ges cvkvi mgm v _vkv m Z I, GUv m e h msmön Kivi ci f~ævi GKUv `vbvi bó n e bv hw` msiÿ bi mwvk c wzwu e envi Kiv nq wzwb ej jb h msmön Kivi ci f~æv nvwo q djv nj dmj msmön-ciezx ÿwz Ges GUv K we kl hzœ I gryzvmvi Zix Kivi gva g cöwz iva Kiv m e 122

124 Ig ii KLbI GUv g b nqwb h GB ÿwzi Ab Kvb KviY Av Q Ges Bù yi I cvkvgvk oi Øviv dm ji GKUv Ask bó n q hviqv _ K dmj K iÿv Kivi Ab Kvb Dcvq Av Q ZeyI Ig ii g b m `n wqj h, Zvi gz GKRb e K lk km K B`yui I cvkvgvk oi Dc`ªc _ K iÿv Ki Z cvi e, KviY GB Ziæb K l Kiv hlb gv qi `ya LZ mb mgq _ K GB GKB Dcv q wzwb Zvi km gryz K i Avm Qb wzwb Avjxi gz Ziæb wq jb bv, wzwb KLbI wk Lb wb wkfv e GB we kl km vmvi Zix Ki Z nq, wzwb cov jlv Rvb Zb bv, wzwb mikvix Kg KZv `i Øviv cwipvwjz Kvb cöwkÿ Y KLbI hvb wb অ শ-২ Qq mßvn ci Ig ii f ÆvMv wj e o Zvi eyk ch ší j ^v nj Ges mb mgq K lk `i gvv ch v qi Avi GKUv wgwus qi mgq n q wm qwqj Avjx ` ji mkj m`m `i `wl q w`j wkfv e f~æv ïkv Z nq Ges Avg Mv Qi giv Wv ji QvB w` q wkfv e G wji cwipp v Ki Z nq Zvici wzwb `Lv jb wkfv e Kv`vgvwU w` q km vmvi Zix Ki Z nq evoxi KvR wnmv e wzwb ` ji cö Z K m`m K Kv`vgvwU w` q GKwU km vmvi ˆZix Ki Z ej jb Ges AvgMv Qi giv Wvj LyuR Z ej jb hv Z cö Z K m`m B km msmö ni ci Zv `i ïkbv f~ævi cwipp vq Gi QvB cö qvm Ki Z cv ib Igi g b g b GB wpšív K i nvm jb h Zvi cöwz ekxiv wk Ki e hlb Zviv `L e h m Kv`v gvwu w` q Zvi evoxi mvg b GKwU km vmvi ˆZix Kivi Póv Ki Q wzwb Rvb Zb Zvi cöwz ekxiv Zv K wb q Zvgvkv Ki e GB e j h m AvaywbK I wkwÿz niqvi Póv Ki Q wzwb GUvI Rvb Zb h Zvi x Zv K Kg K_v kvbv eb bv hw` wzwb QvB Zix Kivi Rb AvgMv Qi giv Wvj Ly ur ewo q A a K w`b bó K ib huv bvwk g vwr Ki gz B`yui Avi cvkvgvk oi nvz _ K f~æv K iÿv Ki e wzwb wm vší wb jb h wzwb gvwui km vmvi ˆZix Ki eb bv ev AvgMv Qi QvBI e envi Ki eb bv Zvici K qk gvm ci, GKw`b Igi `L jb h Zvi L oi Mvjvevwo Z e Ívq ivlv wgwó Avjyi A a KUv B`yui L q d j Q Zvi gbuv G Zv Lvivc n q Mj h wzwb K l K `i ` j wd i wm q Avjxi civgk kvbvi wm vší wb jb GBev i, `jwu wgwus Avjxi cöwz ekx nvwg `i evox Z emj Igi Avð h n q `L jb h nvwg` gvwui km vmvi ˆZix K i Qb wzwb hlb gvwui km vmviwui Kv Q M jb wzwb eys Z cvi jb bv Gi wfz i wk Av Q ev nvwg` wk Gi wfz i h _ó Lv` km i L Qb wkbv GB MvcbxqZv ` L Zvi Bl v nj A a K Avjy bó n q hviqvi Rb KD nvwg `i w` K ZvwK q nvmwqj bv! Bbym bv g Av ik Rb cªwz ekx `j K ej jb h GB gvwui km vmv ii A bk fvj w`k wj GKwU nj GLv b km, Ij ev mâx ivlv hvq Ges Avi P Ui e Ív wkb Z nq bv Igi gvwui km vmviwui wfz i `L jb Ges `L Z c jb h mwu Z wgwó Avjy fiv wqj! me Avjy ïkbv wqj Ges B`yui ev cvkvgvko m wj K úk Ki Z cv iwb 123

125 অ শ-৩ wgwus k l, Avjx Igi K wr Ám Ki jb, wzwb wk gvwui km vmvi Zix Ki Z Pvb wkbv Ges f~æv wj Z km vmv i ivlvi Av M m wj ïwk q wb q cwipp v Ki Z Pvb wkbv Igi Avjx K ej jb h, wzwb ` L Qb wkfv e gvwui km vmviwu wgwó Avjy wj K iÿv K i Q, wkš ZviciI GUv QvZv cov, B`yui, wp K BZ vw` _ K km wj K iÿv Ki Z cvi e bv KviY G wj gvwui km vmv ii gyl w` q XzK Z cvi e m Av ivi ejj h, km vmviwu Zix Kivi cö qvrbxq Kv`vgvwU h RvqMvq cviqv hvq mwu cövq GKw` bi iv Ív, Zvi c ÿ GZmgq Zvi gv Vi KvR _ K `y i _vkv m e bq GgbwK hw`i m Kv`vgvwU cvq, Zvi gz GKRb e jvk wkfv e cvi e GKwU gvwui km vmvi evbv Z? Ges, Igi Rvb Zb h wzwb Zv Ki Z cvi eb bv KviY wzwb fz j wm qwq jb Avg Mv Qi giv Wvj msmön Ki Z huv w` q QvB evwb q f~ævi cwipp v Ki Z n e Ges Zvi Rwgi Av kcv k Kv_vI Kvb Avg MvQ bb Avjxi wkqz aviyv wqj wkfv e GB evav wj K `~i Kiv hvq wzwb Igi K eyws q ivwr Kiv jb wzwb hb GKRb cöwz ekxi mv _ Zvi MvavwU K h RvqMv _ K Kv`v msmön Kiv nq mb RvqMvq cvvvb Lye Aí UvKvi wewbg q mb cöwz ekxwu Ig ii Mvavi wc V we kl mb Kv`v evsvb K i w` jb hv km vmvi ˆZixi Rb cö qvrb wqj Zvici Avjx GKwU cy iv `ycyi a i Igi K klv jb wkfv e GKwU gvwui km vmvi ˆZix Ki Z nq Zvici, Avjx Zv K Zvi wkqz Avg Mv Qi QvB w` jb hv Z wzwb Zvi f~æv wji cwipp v Ki Z cv ib; GB k Z wzwb GUv Ki jb h c ii eqi Igi Zvi Rb QvB evbv eb mb wgwó Avjy wj nviv bvi e vcv i Ig ii wfz i ZLbI ivm wqj Ges Avjxi cö ivpbvq GB byzb KvRwU ïiæ Kivi aviyvwu KI Zvi Kv Q cvmjvwg Avi SzuwKc~Y e j g b nw Qj mvz gvm ci `Lv Mj h, Ig ii gvwui km vmv i GZ km Av Q h km msmö ni GZ gvm ci Av M KLbB GZ km _vk Zv bv Zvi f~ævi GKUv `vbvi B`yui ev cvkvq Kv Uwb! GUv ` L Igi eys Z cvi jb h wzwb Avm j h ZvUv bv f ewq jb Zvi P q ekx f~æv wzwb nvivw Q jb B`uyi Avi cvkvi Kvi Y mwvkfv e dmj iÿv Ki Z cvivq Igi I Zvi x Av ivi ekx km wewµ Ki Z cvi jb Ges Zv `i g q K z j cvvv Z cvi jb, hv Zv `i A bk w` bi B Qv wqj 124

126 KvR 7 n vûavdu 5 mve Rbxb DÏxcKmg~n 12 ১. ভ লব স ২. ক ত ৩. আন ৪. ধ নত ৫. mdjzv ৬. নর প ৭. BwZevPK AvZ gh v`v ৮. mvgvwrk MÖnY hvm Zv ৯. ^v Q ` eva ১০. g bi kvwší ১১. mvgvwrk gh v`v/ae v ১২. মত GB n vûavduwu AED Gi ˆZix DcKiY _ K biqv n q Q 125

127 wøzxq w` bi g~j vqb (wd cpvu A_ev n vûavdu) AvR K Avcwb mvivw ` b h KvR wj Z AskMÖnY K i Qb m wji cö Z KwUi cöwz Avcbvi mvgwmök mš wó Kgb wqj Zv wb Ï k Kiæb Ges GB KvR wj DbœZ Kivi wel q Avcbvi Kvb aviyv _vk j Zv w`b ch v jvpbv Kivi Abykxjbx: Mvb ˆZix Kiæb! Lye অস wkqzuv অস wbi cÿ wkqzuv স Lye mš ó GB KvR DbœZ Kivi Rb civgk : KvR 4: ev Íevqb hvm Ges Kvh Ki AvPiY wbe vpb Kiv Ges msávwqz Kiv avc 4 I 5 Lye অস wkqzuv অস wbi cÿ wkqzuv স Lye mš ó GB KvR DbœZ Kivi Rb civgk : KvR 5: AMÖvwaKvi `j Ges cöfvek `j wj Lye অস wkqzuv অস wbi cÿ wkqzuv স Lye mš ó GB KvR DbœZ Kivi Rb civgk : 126

128 KvR 6: Avgv `i DBC KvVv gv wj 1g Ask: AvPiY Ges AMÖvwaKvi `j K ey bv Kiv Lye অস wkqzuv অস wbi cÿ wkqzuv স Lye mš ó GB KvR DbœZ Kivi Rb civgk : KvR 7: h wba vik wj AvPiY K cöfvwez K i m wj K wpwýz Kiv Lye অস wkqzuv অস wbi cÿ wkqzuv স Lye mš ó GB KvR DbœZ Kivi Rb civgk : AvR Ki me P q mvnvh c~y welqwu wk: h welqwu wb q Avwg GLbI wøavwš^z: 127

129 Kg kvjvi Z Zxq w`b 128

130 ch v jvpbv Kivi Abykxjbx: gvov bv ej Lvjv AR bwfwëk D Ïk vejx: GB Kg kvjvi k l AskMÖnYKvixiv: wøzxq w` b klv g~j aviyv wj ch v jvpbv Ki eb Z Zxq w` bi Kg mywp Ges jÿ mg~n ch v jvpbv Ki eb mgq: 30 wgwbu DcKiYmg~n Av M _ KB UyKiv UzKiv KvM R ch v jvpbv Kivi Rb cökœ wj wjlyb Zvici m wj GKwUi Dci Ab wu ewm q Uc jvwm q GKwU greyz ej evbvb: ch v jvpbvi bgybv cökœ wj `Lyb A_ev Av Mi w` bb AskMÖnYKvix `i Zv `i wb R `i cökœ ˆZix Ki Z ejyb w` bi Kg mywp w` bi jÿ mg~n avcmg~n 1. AskMÖnYKvix `i Mvj K i `vouv Z ejyb (hw` AskMÖnYKvix `i msl v ekx nq Zvn j Zv `i K `ybwu Mvj G `vouv Z ejyb) 2. AskMÖnYKvix `i e vl v K i ejyb: Avcbvi Kv Q hlb ejwu Qz o `Iqv n e ZLb Avcbv K ej _ K KvM Ri GKwU UzKiv Ly j wb Z n e Ges mlv b h cökœwu jlv Av Q muvi DËi w` Z n e Avcbvi DËi `Iqv kl n j Av ik R bi Kv Q ejwu Qz o w`b hw` cö qvrb nq Zvn j Avcwb Ab Av ikr bi KvQ _ K DËi`v bi Rb mvnvh PvB Z cv ib 3. cövyešífv e ej Qz uo `Iqvi gva g LjvwU ïiæ Kiæb Ges hzÿb ch ší mg Í cökœ Lvjv bv n e ZZÿb ch ší Ljv Pvwj q hvb hw` KD fyj DËi w` q _v Kb ev DËiwU hw` Am ú~y n q _v K Zvn j AskMÖnYKvix `i Zv `i ` ji m`m K mvnvh Ki Z ejyb 4. AskMÖnYKvix `i mv _ AvR Ki w` bi Kg mywp Ges jÿ mg~n ch v jvpbv Kiæb 5. wøzxq w` bi g~j vqywu ch v jvpbv Kiæb hw` Kvb RwUj aviyv Ges/A_ev cökœ Av jvpbv Kivi cö qvrb nq Zvn j m wj Av jvpbv Kiæb 129

131 ch v jvpbvi Rb bgybv cökœmg~n: 1. DBC KvVv gvi 5wU Kjv gi bvg ejyb 2. DBC ej Z wk evsvq? 3. AvPi Yi cvupwu ˆewk ó i bvg ejyb 4. Avcbvi AMÖvwaKvi `j K ey bv Kivi wzbwu Dcv qi bvg ejyb? 5. AMÖvwaKvi `j wk? 6. GKwU evav we køly vww cwipvjbv Kivi Rb wk ikg AvKv ii ev mvb Ri bgybv mycvwik Kiv nq? 7. GB K_v Øviv Avgiv wk eys Z cvwi - ÔKviv Avcbvi `j Zv mwvkfv e Rvbyb Ges mewkqz Zv `i ` wófw½ _ K `Lyb Õ 8. AMÖvwaKvi `j K we ÍvwiZfv e ey bv Kiv Kb iæz c~y? 9. Kb Avgv `i K AvPi Yi wba vik wj wpwýz Ki Z nq? 10. ÔDcj BwZevPK djvdjõ ej Z Avgiv wk eyws? 11. Ôhv iæz c~y Zv nj c` ÿc MÖnY KivÕ GUv ej Z Avgiv wk eyws? 12. Kvb wbav ik wj me P q kw³kvjx? 13. Ôc` ÿc MÖn Yi ^-ÿgzvõ Ges Ô ^-ÿgzvõ GB `ybwui g a cv_ K wk? 14. Kb Avgv ` K Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj K wjl Z nq? 15. Ôkixi PP võ Abykxjbxi me P q iæz c~y wkÿvwu wk wqj? 16. Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj wk? 17. AMÖvwaKvi `j wk Abyfe K i Ges wk wpšív K i Zv Kb Avgiv Abygvb Ki Z cvwi bv? 18. PviwU wba vi Ki bvg ejyb 19. GKwU DBC KvVv gvi g a GKwU wba vi Ki wk G Ki AwaK Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck _vk Z cv i? 20. Avcbvi cövmöv gi AMÖvwaKvi `j Kviv? 130

132 21. Kvb `ybwu wba vik mgm vi mv _ m úwk Z AvPi Yi mv _ bq? 22. Avgiv hlb Avgv `i AMÖvwaKvi `j K ey bv Kwi ZLb Kb Avgv `i K cwiez bi avcwu wpwýz Ki Z nq? 23. Avgiv hlb ewj h GKwU AvPi Yi ( h AvPi Yi Rb Avgiv DBC KvVv gv bkkv Kwi) cövmªv gi j ÿ i mv _ mivmwi m ú K _vkv DwPZ ZLb Avgiv Avm j wk evsv Z PvB? 24. Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ G wji msáv wk? 25. Ô Dcj ms e`bkxjzvõ ej Z Avgiv wk eyws? D`vniY w`b 26. Ô Dcj ZxeªZv/ iæzizvõ ej Z Avgiv wk eyws? D`vniY w`b 27. GKwU mymsmwvz AvPiY wee wzi wzbwu Dcv`vb wk wk? 28. Avcbvi AvPiY wee wz Z Kb ÔDchy³Õ Ges ÔmwVKÕ GB kã wj e envi Kiv wvk bq? 131

133 KvR 8: Ôkixi PP võ Abykxjbx AR bwfwëk D Ïkvejx GB Kv Ri k l AskMÖnYKvixiv: mgq: 1 N Uv GKRb e w³ m ú K Avgiv hv Rvwb Ges wek vm Kwi Zvi mv _ Zvi AvPiY memeq wg j bv - GwU cö`k b K i `Lv eb GB ev ÍeZv K we køly Ki eb h AvPiY cwiez bi (BC) Rb m PZbZv e w I Ávb e w B memgq h _ó bq wba vwiz Rb Mvwô K ey bv Kivi I msávwqz Kivi bzzb c wz wj Av jvpbv Ki eb my hvm Abyhvqx jÿ wba vi bi iæz Ges M elyv cwipvjbvi cö qvrbxqzv (we klfv e evav we køly Ges Ôhviv K iõ/ôhviv K i bvõ vww wj) m ú K Rvb eb DcKiYmg~n gvmwkb Uc KvR 8 wd cpvu 1-10:Ôkixi PP võ Abykxjbx avcmg~n 1. fzwgkv 1K. e vl v K i ejyb h, ebmjvbb Rwi ci Ask wnmv e cövmvªg ev ÍevqbKvix `i K cöwzwu mgv Ri Rb Mvôxi Dci Mfxi M elyv cwipvjbv Kivi cö qvrb Av Q Ges cövmövg PjvKvjxb mg q GB M elyv Pvwj q h Z n e hw` cövmövg bkkv Kivi mgq GB M elyvi vww wj e envi Kiv nq Zvn j M elyvwu kl n j ci GwU cövmªvg bkkvkvix `i K mwvk AvPiY wj K wpwýz Kivi Rb GKwU mswÿß AvPi Yi ZvwjKv Zix Ki Z mvnvh Ki e 1L. KvR 8 wd cpvu 1-10: Ôkixi PP võ Abykxjbx GwUi mg Í Ask wj `Iqv j Uvw½ q w`b Ges wbwðz Kiæb GB cöwzwu wd cpvu hb Lvwj wd cpvu KvMR w` q XvKv _v K 1M.AskMÖnYKvix `i eyws q ejyb, GB Abykxj bi Rb cö Z K AskMÖnYKvix `ybwu f~wgkv cvjb Ki eb: GKRb ^v Kg x Ges GKRb mgv Ri m`m AvPiY cwiez bi (BC) jÿ wu `Lvb (mkj cövß eq e w³ cöwz mßv n 4-6 evi Kgc ÿ 30 wgwbu gvsvwi ai bi kixi PP v Ki eb) hv KvR 8 wd c PvU 1 G jlv Av Q 132

134 2. AskMÖnYKvix `i Dci Áv bi wee wzi M elyv 2K. AskMÖnYKvix `i ejyb, BC Gi jÿ wba vi Yi Dci KvR Kivi Av M Avgiv GKwU Rb Mvwôi M elyv cwipvjbv Kie hlv b GB Kg kvjvi AskMÖnYKvixiv n eb M elyvi AskMÖnYKvix 2L. h Kvb GKRb K `Iqv j Uv½v bv wzbwu wd cpv U i Dc ii KvMR wj mwi q dj Z ejyb e vl v K i ejyb, wzbwu wfbœ ai bi Ávb wee wz `Iqv j UvOv bv Av Q h Kvb GKRb K wee wz wj Rv o Rv o co Z ejyb 2M. AskMÖnYKvix `i h Áv bi wee wzi mv _ Zv `i Ávb KvQvKvwQ mb Áv bi wee wzi cv k wm q `vouv Z ejyb AskMÖnYKvixiv hlb wee wz wji cv k `vouv eb, ZLb cökœ Kiæb: GB `j wj m ú K Avcwb wk jÿ Ki Qb? cöwzwu ` j KZRb jvk Av Q? Avcwb wk Av ivi wkqz jÿ Ki Qb, hgb: RbZvwË K welqvw`, ckv, wj½, eqm, fvlv, RvZxqZv, ag A_ev Ab Kvb wkqz? 2N. AskMÖnYKvix `i ejyb: Avcbviv kixi PP v wel q Avcbv `i Áv bi wfwë Z wb R `i K GKwU mgv Ri KZK wj ` j fvm K i Qb GLb Avgiv `Le wk N U hlb Avgiv Avcbv `i wek v mi welqwu `wl 3. AskMÖnYKvix `i Dci wek v mi wee wzi M elyv 3K. h Kvb GKRb K wzbwu mu _ K wzbwu Áv bi wee wzi wd cpvu wj mwi q dj Z ejyb hv Z wek v mi wee wz wj `Lv hvq GKRb AskMÖnYKvix K wee wz wj Rv o Rv o co Z ejyb 3L. AskMÖnYKvix `i K h wek v mi wee wzi mv _ Zv `i wek vm KvQvKvwQ mb wek v mi wee wzi cv k `vouv Z ejyb AskMÖnYKvixiv hlb wee wz wji cv k wm q `vouv eb, ZLb Zv `i cökœ Kiæb: `j wj m ú K Avcbviv wk jÿ Ki Qb? wk cv_ K Avcbviv `L Z cv Qb? Av iv Ab wkq~ wk jÿ Ki Qb? 4. AskMÖnYKvix `i Dci AvPi Yi M elyv 4K. AskMÖnYKvix `i ejyb: Avgiv GLb `Le wk N U hlb Avgiv Avcbv `i AvPiY `wl 4L. GKRb AskMÖnYKvix K wzb mu wd cpvu _ K wek v mi wee wz wj mwi q dj Z ejyb hv Z c` ÿc wee wz wj `Lv hvq AskMÖnYKvix `i K c` ÿ ci wee wz wj Rv o Rv o co Z ejyb Ges h AvPiYwUi mv _ Zv `i wb R `i AvPi Yi ekx wgj Av Q mb AvPi Yi cv k wm q `vouv Z ejyb 4M. AskMÖnYKvix `i cökœ Kiæb: Avcbviv wk cv_ K `L Z cv Qb? Avcbviv wk RbmsL v, ckv, wj½ ev eqm BZ vw` wel q Kvb wkqz jÿ Ki Qb? Avcbvi Ávb I wek vm Øviv Avcbvi AvPiY K KZUzKy Abygvb Kiv hvq? 133

135 4N. Rvi w` q ejyb h, Avgiv hv Rvwb Ges hv wek vm Kwi Zvi mv _ Avgiv hv Kwi Zvi cövqb Kvb wgj _v K bv Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ GB kã wji mv _ cwipq Kwi q w`b e vl v K i ejyb, GB ai bi M elbvq Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ wpwýz Kiv GKwU iæz c~b KvR 5. wba vwiz Rb Mvôx/Rb Mvôx wj 5K. AskMÖnYKvixiv hlb Zv `i wbr wbr wd cpv U i cv k `vwou q Av Qb ZLb cªkœ Kiæb: cö_gev ii gz KvR ïiæ Kivi Rb hw` Avcbv K Avcbvi wba vwiz Rb Mvôx _ K GKwU Dc- `j K e Q wb Z ejv nq Zvn j Avcwb Kvb `j K e Q wb eb? 5L. my hvm Abyhvqx jÿ wba viy GwUi mv _ cwipq Kwi q w`b, hvi gv b nj, Ggb Dc-`j K e Q biqv h `jwui g a cöv_wgkfv e cwiez bi cöeyzv ekx jÿ Kiv hvq (Giv Ôme P q bx P Sz j _vkv djõ wnmv e cwiwpz) Giv Ggb jvk n Z cv i hv `i cwiez bwu Avbvi Rb ekx AvMÖn Av Q KviY Zviv ekx `ye j A_ev Ggb jvk n Z cv i hv `i c ÿ cwiez bwui ga w` q hviqv Lye GKUv KwVb n e bv 5M. AskMÖnYKvix `i wrávmv Kiæb: GKwU BC cövmöv g Avcwb Avi wkfv e GB Z_ wj e envi Ki Z cv ib? Zv `i DË ii g a _vkv DwPZ: cwrwuf Wwf qý wpwýz Kiv 5N. AskMÖnYKvix `i wrávmv Kiæb: Avcwb Kvb wkqz K AMªvwaKvi `Iqvi wel q wk wk L Qb? civgk w`b h, wba vwiz AskMÖnYKvix `i K Zv `i mvgvwrk-rbzvwë K ˆewkô hgb: wj½ A_ev eqm Abyhvqx fvm KivUv memgq iæz c~y Ges ev Íemb Z bq nq Zvev Gi P qi iæz c~y nj jv Kiv cwiez bi Kvb av c Av Q muvi wfwë Z KvR Kiv, we klfv e Zv `i mv _ hviv cwiez bwu AvqË Kivi Rb me P q ekx cö Z Ae vq Av Q 6. GB KvRwU kl Kiv 6K. AskMÖnYKvix `i wrávmv Kiæb: GB Abykxjbx _ K Avgiv wk wk LwQ? 6L. wb œwjwlz welq wj eys Z mvnvh Kiæb: gvbyl hv K i Zv ` L evsv hvq bv h m wk Rv b ev wk wek vm K i GwU Avgv `i mevi ÿ ÎB cö hvr hlb Avgiv Avgv `i wb R `i c` ÿc wj wpšív Kwi wkš hlb Avgiv DbœZ ^v i Rb cwikíbv Kwi ZLb Avgiv GB gšwjk bxwzwui K_v fz j hvb GwU Avgv `i g b Kwi q `q h jvk `i K mvaviyfv e ïay Z_ `IqvB h _ó bq GgbwK Zv `i K byzb wek v mi wel q mb Z Kiv bv m e n ji Zviv DcKvix Kvb c` ÿc MÖn Y AvMÖnx bvi n Z cv i Ab vb cöwz hvmx AvPiY h wj Avgv `i Rb Mvôxi Kv Q AvK lbxq g b n Z cv i m wj wpwýz KivUv Avgv `i Rb mvnvh c~y n e 134

136 mgv Ri jvk `i ` j fvm Kivi bzzb Dcvq wj Lyu R `Lyb h wj GB Abykxjbxi ga w` q úó n q D V Q (my hvm Abyhvqx jÿ wba viy Ges cwiez bi Rb cö wzi wewfbœ ch vq) hviv evrvi e e vi mv _ RwiZ Zviv my hvm Abyhvqx jÿ wba viy Kivi A cÿvq _v Kb, hvi gv b nj, Kv_vq Zviv Ôm ev P jv fi myweavõ cv e Zviv muvi LvuR K i ( hgb: Zv `i wewb qv Mi m ev P dj cviqv) wpšív Kiæb, ÔKLbI kixi PP v Kwi bvõ GB jvk `i PvB Z Ôgv S gv S kixi PP v KwiÕ GB jvk `i K Kvw LZ j ÿ i w` K wb q h Z Avgiv nq Zv ekx mdj ne GB KvRwU Avgv `i K M elyv vww cwipvjbv Kivi iæz K `wl q `q 135

137 KvR 8 wd cpvu 1-10 Ôkixi PP võabykxjbx AvPiY cwiez bi jÿ (wd c PvU - 1): mkj cövßeq e w³ cöwz mßv n AšÍZ Pvievi Kgc ÿ 30 wgwbu gvsvwi ai bi kixi PP v Ki eb GB Ljvi Rb wzb mu wd cpvu `ikvi, Ges wd cpvu 1 wu Dc i i L Gi mv _ cöwzwu mu `Iqv j Uc w` q jvwm q w` Z n e hv Z cöwzwu cvzv mwi q bx Pi cvzv wj `Lv Z myweav nq cö Z K mu-gi g a 3Uv K i wd cpvu _vk e, hv bx P `Iqv n q Q cö Z KwU wd cpvu bx Pi µgvbymv i GKwUi Dci Av ikwu _vk e cöwzwu mu Gi Dci GKwU Lvwj wd cpvu jvwm q w` Z n e hv Z me cvzv jykv bv _v K mu-1 mu-2 mu-3 wd c PvU -2. Avwg Rvwb h kixi PP v Kiv LyeB iæz c~y Avwg A bk eb c owq h wj Z Gi cögvy Av Q Avwg AviI A bk weávcb ` LwQ h wj e vqv gi gva g mȳ ^v ervq ivlvi wel q e j wd c PvU -3. Avwg wek vm Kwi h kixi PP v Kiv LyeB iæz c~y Avwg g b Kwi h cö Z KiB wbqwgz kixi PP v Kiv DwPZ, Kgc ÿ mßv n Pvi evi wd c PvU -4. MZ mßv n Avwg Pvievi Kgc ÿ 30 wgwbu kixi PP v K iwq wd c PvU -5. Avwg ïay ï bwq h kixi PP v Avcbvi ü` iv Mi SzuwK Kgv Z cv i wd c PvU -6. Avwg wek vm Kwi h kixi PP v wkqzuv iæz c~y ekxi fvm jv KiB cöwz mßv n GKevi ev `ybevi e vqvg Kiv DwPZ wd c PvU -7. MZ mßv n Avwg Kgc ÿ `ybevi kixi PP v K iwq wd c PvU -8. Avwg Rvwb A bk jvkb kixi PP v K i kixi wvk iv L, wkš Avwg Rvwb bv Zviv wkfv e Zv K i wd c PvU -9. Avwg g b Kwi Avgv `i `b w `b Rxe bi wbqwgz Kv Ri mv _B Avgv `i h _ó e vqvg n q hvq wd c PvU -10. Avwg MZ mßv n Avgvi `b w `b Kv Ri evb i Kvb kixi PP v Kwi wb 136

138 KvR - 9: g~j wba vik wj K Lyu R ei Kivi Rb d g wuf M elyv cwipvjbv Kiv: evav we køly Ges Ôhviv K iõ/ Ôhviv K i bvõ vww AR bwfwëk D Ïk vejx: GB Kv Ri k l AskMÖnYKvixiv: Ôhviv K iõ/ Ôhviv K i bvõ vww ev evav we køly Gi wewfbœ Dcv`vb m ú K Rvb eb evav we køly Kivi h mvzwu avc Av Q mb avc wj cixÿv Ki eb evav we køly Kivi Rb wkfv e cökœ ˆZix Ki Z nq Zv Abykxjb Ki eb Ôhviv K iõ/ Ôhviv K i bvõ vwwwu K evav we køly vwwi GKwU ÿz`ª iæc wnmv e Av jvpbv Ki eb mgq: 3 N Uv (2 N Uv ci `ycy ii Lvevi `Iqv n e Ges Lvev ii ci KvRwU kl Kiv n e) DcKiYmg~n KvR 7 n vûavdu 1: iæz c~y wba vikmg~n h wj AvPiY K cöfvwez K i KvR 9 n vûavdu 1: evav we køl Yi cvupwu bxwz KvR 9 n vûavdu 2: evav we køly Ljvi vww MvBW evuav we køly Ljvi Rb Post-its or index KvW Ges Uc, cö Z KwU cö kœi Rb GKwU K i evav we køly Ljvi cökœvejx KvR 9 n vûavdu 3: evav we køl Yi mvzwu avc KvR 9 n vûavdu 4: evav we køl Yi bgybv cökœvejx hw` we kl Kvb `k-wfwëk cöwkÿy nq: KvR 9 n vûavdu 5: K lk `i mv _ e envi Kivi Rb evav we køl Yi cökœvejxi D`vniY A_ev KvR 9 n vûavdu 6: wkï `i gv q `i mv _ e envi Kivi Rb evav we køl Yi cökœvejxi D`vniY hw` AÂj-wfwËK cöwkÿy nq: KvR 9 n vûavdu 7: Kg kvjv PjvKvjxb mg q e envi Kivi Rb Ôhviv K i/hviv K i bvõ Gi gnov cökœvejx KvR 9 n vûavdu 8: Ôhviv K iõ/hviv K i bvõ vwwi cökœvejx MV bi IqvK kxu KvR 9 n vûavdu 9: evav we køly mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i MvBW _ K evav we køl Yi Dci Av ivi wkqz wb Ï kbv KvR 9 n vûavdu 10: evav we køly cwipvjbv Kivi Rb cö qvrbxq idv iý DcKiY avc 7 G ˆZix Kiv cökœvejxwu (cö Z K AskMÖnYKvixi Rb ev mvÿvrkvi MÖnYKvix ` ji Rb G Ki AwaK Kwc) 137

139 mnvqk / mnvwqkv `i Rb bvu hw` GUv AÂj-wfwËK cöwkÿy n q _v K hlv b AskMÖnYKvixiv wewfbœ `k _ K G m Qb, Zvn j m ez Ôhviv K iõ/ôhviv K i bvõ Gi gnov vwwwu Kiv m e n e bv KviY AskMÖnYKvixiv vbxq fvlv eys eb bv Ges cöwkÿywu nq Zv Ggb Kvb v b AbywôZ n e hwu cövmv gi wba vwiz Rb Mvwôi KvQvKvwQ Kvb GjvvKv bq mb ÿ Î, mb GjvKvi AwaKvsk jvk `i Kv Q h AvPiYwU Lye cwiwpz Ggb Kvb AvPi Yi Dci cökœvejx Zix Kivi cwikíbv Kiæb ( hgb: `vuz gvrv) Ges cö Z K AskMÖnYKvix hb cöwkÿy K `ªi Av kcv ki `yb ev wzb Rb jv Ki mvÿvrkvi wb Z cv ib mb e e v Kiæb (D`vniY ^iæc: emikvix ms vi Kg x [GbwRI], nv Uj Kg x, `vkvb`vi, c_pvix BZ vw`) hw`i G ÿ Î me P q fvj bgybv mvbr cviqv m e n e bv, ZviciI AskMÖnYKvixiv avibv cv eb h wkfv e mvÿvrkvi biqv nq, Z_ msm wnz nq, ZvwjKvfy³ Kiv nq Ges we køly Kiv nq avc 6 Gi Rb AvMvg cö wz: GB Abykxjbx Z ` j KvR Kivi Rb h AvPiY ev AvPiY wj biqv n q Q m wj mivmwi cövmövg wj _ K biqv DwPZ h wji Dci AskMÖnYKvixiv KvR Ki Qb, D`vniY ^iæc, wkÿvi cö qvrbxqzv Ges m ú` hvpvb (LNRA) _ K biqv h Z cv i mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i DwPZ n e Av M _ KB mb ` ki Kg x `i mv _ Ges hviv Kbdv iýwu Av qvrb K i Qb Zv `i mv _ civgk Kiv GUv Rvbvi Rb h, Kvb AvPiYwU e envi Ki j me P q ekx msl K AskMÖnYKvix Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ vww Ges gvv ch v qi KvR GB Dfq KvR _ K DcKvi cv eb avcmg~n 1. evav we køly cwiwpwz 1K. AskMÖnYKvix `i cökœ Kiæb: c~ e Avcwb Avcbvi wb Ri cwiez b Avbvi Póvi h D`vniY w` qwq jb, mb D`vniYwU Z AvPiY cwiez bi (BC) ÿ Î Avcwb wk wk cöwzeükzv ev evavi m ywlb n qwq jb? GB wj h Avcbvi Rb evav n q `vouv e Zv wk Avcwb memgq Av M _ KB Rvb Z cv ib? Av iv wrávmv Kiæb: evav/cöwzeükzv wj hw` Avgiv Rvb Z cvwi Zvn j Zv wkfv e Avgv `i K AvPiY cwiez bi ÿ Î mvnvh K i? Zv `i DË ii g a _vkv DwPZ: GB wj Avgv `i K evav wj `~i Kivi Rb KvR Ki Z mvnvh Ki e Zvici AskMÖnYKvix `i wrávmv Kiæb: DÏxcK wji wel q Avcwb wk g b K ib? Avcwb wk Av M _ KB Rvb Z cv ib Kvb Kvb welq wj Avcbvi cwiez bwu Avbvi KvR K mnr K i Zzj e? Av ivi cökœ Kiæb: AvPiY cwiez bi DÏxcK wj m ú K Rvbv Avgv `i K wkfv e cwiez bwu DbœxZ Ki Z mvnvh K i? Zv `i DË ii g a _vkv DwPZ: DÏxcK wj m ú K Rvbv _vk j Avgiv mb wj K Av ivi DbœxZ Ki Z cvie hv Z K i Av iv ekx jv Ki c ÿ cwiez bwu Avbv mnr nq 138

140 1L. AskMÖnYKvix `i wrávmv Kiæb: evav wj K Ges DÏxcK wj K wpwýz Kivi Rb Avcwb wk KLbI Kvb Rwic K i Qb? hw` DËi n vu nq, Zvn j GKRb ev `ybrb AskMÖnYKvix K Zv `i AwfÁZv kqvi Ki Z ejyb Ges M elyvwu cwipvjbvi Rb Ges WvUv we køl Yi Rb Zviv wk wk avc e envi K iwq jb m wji Dci Av jvkcvz Kiæb 1M. evav we køly wk Zv e vl v K i ejyb hw` avc 1L Z AskMÖnYKvixiv Zv `i AwfÁZvi wel q kqvi K i _v Kb Zvn j, Avcwb hlb cöwµqvwu e vl v Ki eb ZLb evav wj I DÏxcK wj Avwe v ii wel q Zv `i AwfÁZv wj Kv_vq Kv_vq wg j wm q Q Zv D jøl Kiæb evav we køly nj GKwU Rwoc hv Ôhviv K i/ hviv K i bvõ c wzwu e envi K i GKwU AMÖvwaKvi`j K Kvb welq wj AvPiYwU Ki Z evav `q Ges Kvb welq wj AvPiYwU Ki Z mÿg K i m wj wpwýz K i gyj evav wj Ges mwµqk/dïxck wj wpwýz Kivi Rb AMÖvwaKvi `j K avivevwnkfv e KZK wj cökœ Kiv nq hv Z 12wU ch ší m ve wba vik ( h wji AwaKvskB nj evav) wpwýz Kiv hvq h wj jvk `i c` ÿc MÖnY Kiv K evav w` Z cv i PviwU wba vik Av Q h wj memgqb Aek B cixÿv K i `Lv DwPZ Ges Av ivi AvUwU wba vik Av Q h wj cixÿv K i `LvUv wkqz wkqz ÿ Î A bk AvPi Yi Rb B DcKvix n Z cv i wba vik wji ZvwjKv I e vl vi Rb KvR 7 Gi n vûavdu 1: iæz c~y wba vikmg~n h wj AvPiY K cöfvwez K i - GwU `Lyb cökœ wji Øviv GUvI wpwýz Kiv hvq h DËi`vZv GKwU c` ÿ ci g~j DcKvwiZv ev Dcj BwZevPK djvdj wji wel q wk Abyfe Ki Qb Zvici, AvPiY DbœxZ Kivi Kvh µg Ges evz v cwipvjbv Kivi mgq GB wj K AvPiYwU ÔwewµÕ Kivi Rb Ômvnvh KvixÕ wnmv e e envi Kiv hv e Zvici cö kœi djvdj wj wb q `ybwu ` ji g a Zzjbv Kiv nq - mb `j hviv byzb AvPiYwU Ki Q, Avgiv Zv `i K ejwq - Ôhviv K iõ `j Ges hviv GLbI bzzb AvPiYwU AvqZ K iwb mb `j - Avgiv Zv `i K ejwq Ôhviv K i bvõ `j GB `ybwu ` ji g a Zzjbv K i Avgiv `L Z cvb AvPi Yi Kvb wba vik wj me P q iæz c~y ekxi fvm mgqb, cök íi cwikíbvkvixiv DcKvwiZv wji wel q Ávb e w Kivi Dci ekx Rvi w` q _v Kb, wkš Áv bi Afve mvaviyz me P q eo evav bq evav we køly Avgv `i GB e g~j aviyv wj KvwU q DV Z Ges Kvb welq wj cök Zc ÿ hviv AvPiYwU K i Ges hviv AvPiYwU K i bv Zv `i g a cv_ K m wó K i m wj m ú K wpšív Ki Z mvnvh K i cökí ev ÍevqbKvixiv GZ eq i GUv wk L Qb h jvk `i K AvPiY cwiez b Ki Z mvnvh Kivi me P q Kvh Ki Dcvq wji g a GKwU nj Zv `i K AvPiY cwiez bi g~j evav wj `~i Ki Z mvnvh Kiv evavi KZK wj D`vniY nj: Lvivc hvmv hvm e e v, GKRb ^vgx- x A_ev kvïix whwb mn hvwmzv K ib bv, Ges ms wzmz wewa wb l ai Kvi Y bwzevpk djvd ji Avk¼v 139

141 2. evav we køl Yi cvupwu bxwzgvjv 2K. AskMÖnYKvix `i wkqz mgq wb q bxi e KvR 9 n vûavdu 1: evav we køl Yi cvupwu bxwzgvjv GwU co Z ejyb h welq wj Zv `i Kv Q iæz c~y g b n e ev Zv `i Rb we klfv e cö hvr e j g b n e m wji bx P `vm w` Z ejyb K qkrb AskMÖnYKvix K gšíe Ki Z ejyb hw` Kvb cökœ _v K Zvn j m wji DËi w`b Ges AskMÖnYKvix `i ejyb h Avcwb evav we køl Yi wel q we ÍvwiZ Av jvpbv Ki eb 3. evav we køly wk? we køly Ljv 3K. AskMÖnYKvix `i 5 A_ev 6 R bi QvU QvU ` j fvm Kiæb Ges cö Z KwU QvU `j K cö Z KwU Ljvi cª kœi Rb GKwU K i cv -BU ev Bb W KvW Ges Uc w`b ` ji m`m `i cvó BU KvMR ev Kv W ` ji b ^iwu wjl Z ejyb A_ev cöwzwu `j K wfbœ wfbœ i Oi cvó-bu/kvw w`b 3L. cö Z K `j K ejyb h Avgiv GKwU Ljv Lj Z hvw Q LjvwU Ljvi Rb cö Z K AskMÖnYKvix K KvR 9 n vûavdu 2: evav we køly Ljvi vww MvBW GwU co Z n e QvU `j wji g a G KK Rb G KK Ask co Z cv ib KviY A bk wj co Z n e AskMÖnYKvix `i n vûavduwu covi Rb h _ó mgq w`b, Kvib Ljvi mgq Zviv GwU `L Z cvi eb bv 3.M AskMÖnYKvixiv hlb KvR 9 n vûavdu 2 GwU co Qb ZLb mnvqk/mnvwqkv evav we køl Yi cökœ wj iæ gi Pvwiw` K UvwO q w` Z cv ib h wj evav we køly Ljvi cökœvejx Z cviqv hv e Ljv ïiæ niqvi AvM g~û Z ch ší cökœ wj X K ivl Z n e cökœ wji dvu K dvu K wkqz RvqMv ivl Z n e hv Z QvU`j wj Zv `i DËi wj mlv b jvwm q w` Z cv ib 3N. mnvqk/mnvwqkvi Bkviv cviqv gvî QvU `j wj cö kœi DËi cvó-bu/kv W i wcqb w` K wjl eb; GKwU Kv W GKwU DËi wjl eb, Ges cªkœwui cv k jvwm q w` eb hv Z Ab `j DËiwU `L Z bv cvq Avcwb GUv wb R K i `wl q w` Z cv ib hv Z mkj AskMÖnYKvix wvkgz eys Z cv ib 3O. hlb cö Z KwU QvU `j mg Í cö kœi DËi w` q kl Ki eb ZLb Zviv e m co eb hv Z mnvqk bvu Ki Z cv ib Kvb `j KLb kl K i Q Ges K KZ b ^i c q Q h `j mevi Av M me cö kœi DËi w` e mb `j cvup b ^i cv e, Ges Zvici K Kvi ci kl K i Q mb µgvbymv i Ab vb cö Z KwU ` ji b ^i Kg Z _vk e 3P. mnvqk/mnvwqkv cö kœi DËi wj AskMÖnYKvix `i mv _ ch v jvpbv Ki eb Ges ms kvab Ki eb Ges cö Z KwU mwvk DË ii Rb cö Z KwU `j K GK b ^i w` eb mnvqk/mnvwqkv b eb Kvb `j KqwU mwvk DËi w` q Q h `j me P q ekx b ^i cv e Av M kl Kivi Rb mb evowz b ^i mn mb `j werqx n e bvu: mnvqk/mnvwqkv werqx `j K cyiæ vi cö`vb Ki Z cv ib 140

142 4. Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ Zv `i wpwýz Kiv 4K. AskMÖnYKvix `i e vl v K i ejyb: A bk mgq evav we køl Yi me P q KwVb avc wji g a GKwU avc nj h _ó msl K Ôhviv K iõ wpwýz Ki Z cviv ZvB Avmyb Avgiv G wel q wkqz mgq wpšív Kwi AskMÖnYKvix `i wrávmv Kiæb: Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ `i `ªæZ wpwýz Kivi Rb Avgiv wk wk Dcvq Aej ^b Ki Z cvwi? D`vniY ^iæc, Ôcwievi wj Zv `i gyimx wj K eü K i iv LÕ GB AvPiYwUi Rb Avcwb wkfv e Ôhviv K iõ `i ey bv w` eb AskMÖnYKvix `i wrávmv Kiæb: Avgiv wk Kie hlb jvk wj Ômxgv ilvq Ae vb K iõ? Zviv wk Ôhviv K iõ bvwk Ôhviv K i bvõ mb wel q Avgiv wkfv e wm vší wbe? D`vniY ^iæc, hw` KD GB mßv n mvz w` bi g a Pviw`b KxUbvkK gkvixi (ITN) wfzi Nygvb, wkš MZ iv Z gkvixi wfzi Nygvb wb ev MZ eqi cvnv oi av i ebvqb Kivi Rb MvQ jvwm qwq jb wkš GB eqi Kvb MvQ jvmvb wb, Ggb Ae vq Avgiv wk Kie? AskMÖnYKvix `i wrávmv Kiæb: Ôhviv K iõ Zv `i K Ôhviv K i bvõ `i _ K Avjv`v Kivi Rb Avgv `i wk cökœ Kiv DwPZ? AskMÖnYKvix `i ejyb GB cökœ wj K ejv nq AvPiY evqvb (screening) Kivi cökœ AvPiY evqvb Kivi cö kœi D`vni Yi g a Av Q: MZ 24 N Uvq Avcwb Avcbvi wkï K wk wk Lvevi ev cvbxq w` q Qb? MZ eqi wk Avcwb Avcbvi cvnvwo Rwg Z Kvb MvQ jvwm qwq jb? KqwU MvQ jvwm qwq jb? AskMÖnYKvix `i ejyb, Avcbvi Rwi ci Rb Kv `i K Avcwb Ôhviv K iõ wnmv e wpwýz Ki eb mb wel q wm vší biqvi Rb Avcbv K AvPi Yi cwigvymz w`kwui we epbv Ki Z n e hgb, KZÿb a i AvPiYwU Kiv n q Q ev KZevi AvPiYwU Kiv n q Q GUv iæz c~y h, Avcwb Avcbvi msáv wba vi b GZ K Vvi n eb bv h Avcwb Ôhviv K iõ Ggb KvD KB Lyu R cv eb bv ev GZ wkw_ji n eb bv h Avcwb Ôhviv K i bvõ Ggb KvD K Lyu R cv eb bv hviv memgq AvPiYwU K i (Av`k AvPiY) Ggb jvk `i LyuR j h djvdj cviqv hv e Zv hviv AwaKvsk mgq AvPiYwU K i Ggb jvk `i LvuRvi djvdj _ K wfbœ n e AskMÖnYKvix `i DrmvwnZ Kiæb hb Zviv AvPiY evqvb (screening) Kivi cökœ e envi Kivi mgq A úó kã wj ( hgb: cövqb, mvavibz) Gwo q P jb AskMÖnYKvix `i g b Kwi q w`b h, Avcwb hfv e Avcbvi AvPiY evqvb (w Œwbs) Kivi cökœ wj Zix Ki eb mwu hb Av`k AvPi Yi msávwu cwiez b bv K i hwu Avcwb cök Zc ÿ DbœxZ Ki eb (AvPiY cwiez bi bkkv ˆZixi {DBC}KvVv gv Z) 141

143 4L. AskMÖnYKvix `i e vl v K i ejyb: Ôhviv K iõ Zv `i K Ôhviv K i bvõ _ K c _K Kivi Rb gv S gv SB M elk `i ÔGKwU jvbb Uvb Z nqõ, Ges hw` cökœwu mvgvb wfbœfv e Zix Kiv nq, Zvn j DËi`vZv `i köbxweb vmi nq Zv GKUz wfbœ ikg n Z cv i Gi gv b GUv bq h, cwigvc Kivi Rb GKwU Ab wui PvB Z fvj wkš GUvi gv b nj, Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ `i K msmzfv e wba viy Kivi Rb M el K `i hzœevb n Z n e D`vniY ^iæc, m bmv ji GKevi RvZxq nvz aviqv cöpvivwfhv b cªk Zc ÿ Ôhviv K iõ (hviv PviwU we kl mg q mvevb w` q nvz avuq) Zv `i Ly ur cviqv Lye KwVb n q c owqj, mb Kvi Y `jwu GKgZ n q Ôhviv K iõ Gi gvckvwvuv GKUz wkw_j Ki jb Ges hviv GB PviwU we kl mg qi g a Kgc ÿ `ybevi mvevb w` q nvz avuq Zv `i K Ôhviv K iõ Gi g a AšÍ f~³ Ki jb 4M. bx Pi wzbwu AvPiY evqvb (screening) Kivi cökœ wji D`vniY w`b: AvPiY: K l Kiv dmj jvmv bvi gšmy gi Av M dm ji `vg m ú K cviqv Z_ wj e envi K iwqj AvPiY evqvb Kivi cökœ: MZ eqi dmj jvmv bvi gšmy g Kvb GKwU dm ji Rb Avcwb wk Rwgi cwigvy evwo qwq jb ev Kwg qwq jb? hw` DËi nü v nq, Zvn j GB cökœwu Kiæb: Kb Avcwb dmjwui Rb Rwgi cwigv Y cwiez b Ki jb? Ôhviv K iõ Zviv n jb mb K l Kiv hviv ej eb h dmj jvmv bvi gšmy gi Av M dm ji `vg m ú K h Z_ Zviv c qwq jb mb Z _ i wfwë Z Zviv GB cwiez bwu K i Qb Ôhviv K i bvõ Zviv n jb mb K l Kiv hviv dm ji Rwgi cwigv Y Kvb cwiez b Av bb wb A_ev Ab Kvb Kvi Y Zviv cwiez bwu K iwq jb úózb, GB cökœwu mb eqib e envi/ vww Kiv hv e h eq i dm ji `v g A bk cwiez b n qwqj hvi d j GB PP vwu DbœxZ Ki Z n qwqj AvPiY: MZ eqi dmj jvmv bvi gšmy g K l Kiv DbœZ exr e envi K iwq jb AvPiY evqvb Kivi cökœ: dmj jvmv bvi MZ gšmy g, Avcwb Kvb ai bi exr e envi K iwq jb? Avcwb Kv_v _ K mb exr wj c qwq jb? Ôhviv K iõ Zviv n jb mb K l Kiv hviv ej eb Zviv MZ eqj dmj jvmv bvi gšmy g DbœZ exr e envi K iwq jb Ôhvi K i bvõ Zviv n jb mb K l Kiv hviv DbœZ exr e envi K ib wb AvPiY: gv qiv GUv wbwðz K ib h, Zv `i 5 eq ii Kg eqmx wkïiv cöwz iv Z KxUbvkK gkvixi (ITN) wfz i Nygvq AvPiY evqvb Kivi cökœ: Avcbvi evox Z wk 5 eq ii Kg eqmx Kvb wkï Av Q? MZ iv Z Avcbvi wkïwu wk KxUbvkK gkvixi wfz i Nywg qwqj? 142

144 hw` `ybwu cö kœi DËiB n uv nq, Zvn j GB cökœwu Kiæb: gkvix Z wk vqxfv e gkvi Jla jvmv bv Av Q ev MZ Qq gv m wk GUv Z Jla jvmv bv n qwqj? Ôhviv K iõ Zviv n jb mb gv qiv hv `i 5 eq ii Kg eqmx wkïiv MZ iv Z KxUbvkK gkvixi ev vqxfv e KxUbvkK `Iqv gkvixi wfz i Nywg qwqj Ôhviv K i bvõ Zviv n jb mb gv qiv hv `i KxUbvkK gkvix bb A_ev gkvix _vk ji Zv `i wkïiv gkvixi wfz i Nygvq bv 4N. wkqz AskMÖnYKvix K wbe vpb Kiæb Ges Zv `i K Zv `i cövmªvg _ K A_ev bx Pi welq _ K GKwU AvPiY wee wz wk n Z cv i Zv ej Z ejyb Ges e vl v K i ej Z ejyb Kviv Ôhviv K iõ Ges Kviv Ôhviv K i bvõ n e: Mvevw` cïcvjb, K wlkvr, wkïi cywó A_ev gv qi cywó 5. c wzi mv _ cwiwpz niqv: evav we køl Yi mvzwu avc 5K. AskMÖnYKvix `i KvR 9 n vûavdu 3: evav we køl Yi mvzwu avc GwU `L Z ejyb cöwzwu avc e vl v Kiæb Ges cökœ wji DËi w`b 5L. AskMÖnYKvix `i wrávmv Kiæb: DBC KvVv gv Zix cöwµqvi Kvb av c evav we køly Kiv DwPZ? 6. cökœc Îi bkkv Zix Kiv 6K. hw` Avcwb cökí GjvKvq Ôhviv K iõ Ôhviv K i bvõ vwwwu cwipvjbv K ib (wbw` ó `kwfwëk Kg kvjv hw` nq), Zvn j AskMÖnYKvix `i e vl v K i ejyb: AvMvgxKvj Avgiv gvv ch v q KvR Kie Ges muvi cö wz wnmv e Avgiv GLb Ôhviv K iõ Ôhviv K i bvõ vwwi cökœcî Zix Kie wzb ev PviR bi QvU QvU ` j AskMÖnYKvix `i fvm Kiæb hw` Avcwb Kg kvjvi KvQvKvwQ GjvKvq Ôhviv K iõ Ôhviv K i bvõ Gi gnov vww cwipvjbv Ki Z Pvb (AvÂwjK Kg kvjv hw` nq), Zvn j AskMÖnYKvix `i K Zv `i DBC KvVv gvi QvU QvU ` j fvm Kiæb hv Z Zviv Zv `i KvVv gvi AvPi Yi Dci wfwë K i cökœcî ˆZix Ki Z cv ib 6L. AskMÖnYKvix `i `L Z ejyb: KvR 9 n vûavdu 4: evav we køl Yi bgybv cökœvejx `kwfwëk Kg kvjvi Rb KvR 9 n vûavdu 5: K lk `i mv _ e envi Kivi Rb evav we køl Yi cökœvejxi D`vniY -GwU e envi Kiæb A_ev KvR 9 n vûavdu 6: wkï `i gv q `i mv _ e envi Kivi Rb evav we køl Yi cökœvejxi D`vniY - GwU e envi Kiæb AÂjwfwËK Kg kvjvi Rb : KvR 9 n vûavdu 7: Kg kvjv PjvKvjxb mg q e envi Kivi Rb Ôhviv K iõ Ôhviv K i bvõ Gi gnov cökœvejx KvR 9 n vûavdu 8: Ôhviv K iõ/hviv K i bvõ vwwi cökœvejx ˆZixi IqvK kxu 143

145 6M. QvU`j wj K bx Pi Z_ wj KvR 9 n vûavdu 8-G wjl Z ejyb AskMÖnYKvix `i cövmövg _ K GKwU Dchy³ AvPiY mg Í QvU `j wji Rb w`b bvu: hw` mkj QvU QvU `j GKB AvPiY wb q KvR K i Zvn j Zv mnrzi n e Ges G Z mgqi evpu e, hgb, ÔK l Kiv ÿq-cöey GjvKv wj Z MvQ jvmvqó, Ôgv qiv wkï `i wfuvwgb ÔGÕ mg Lvevi LvIqv ebõ, A_ev ÔMf ezx gwnjviv Mf ve vq Kgc ÿ 4 evi Mf Kvjxb cixÿv Ki ebõ QvU QvU `j wj K GB AvPi Yi mv _ m úwk Z AMÖvwaKvi `jwu K wpwýz Ki Z ejyb Av jvpbv Kiæb h _ó msl K Ôhviv K iõ/ôhviv K i bvõ cviqvi Rb AvPiYwU wk GKUz cwiez b (wkw_j) Kivi cö qvrb Av Q wkbv hw` cö qvrb nq Zvn j Lvwj RvqMvq cwiewz Z AvPiYwU wjlyb AvPiY cökœ ev cökœ wj wjlyb h wj Avcbv K Ôhviv K iõ Zv `i K Ôhviv K i bvõ _ K Avjv`v Ki Z mvnvh Ki e cö Z K QvU ` ji Rb `ybwu ev wzbwu wba vik w`b cö Z K QvU `j K Zv `i Rb wba vwiz wba vik wji Dci `ybwu K i cökœ wjl Z ejyb AskMÖnYKvix `i ejyb: mgq iÿvi Rb, gvv ch v qi KvR/gnov Rwi ci Rb Avgiv ïa~gvî PviwU wba vi Ki Dci Ôhviv K iõ Ôhviv K i bvõ vwwwu cwipvjbv Kie GB wj nj: Dcj ^-ÿgzv/`ÿzv, Dcj mvgvwrk ixwzbxwz, Dcj BwZevPK djvdj Ges Dcj bwzevpk djvdj Avcbvi cövmöv g hw` mgq I ev RU _v K Zvn j Avgiv GUv mycvwik Kwi h, Avcbviv h AvPiYwU DbœwZ Ki eb mwui Dci Ges cwi cöwÿ Zi Dci wfwë K i Av ivi ekx wba vik wj _ K cökœ e envi K i GKwU m ú ~Y evav we køly cwipvjbv Kiæb GB Rb B Avgiv cö Z K ai bi wba vik wji e vl v w` qwq 7. Av jvpbvi Rb cökœ 7K. K qkrb AskMÖnYKvix K wr Ám Kiæb GKRb e w³ wk Ôhviv K iõ bvwk Ôhviv K i bvõ muv wby q Kivi Rb Zviv wk wk cökœ wj L Qb 7L. cö Z K QvU `j _ K GKRb cöwzwbwa K Zv `i cökœ wj mevi mv _ kqvi Ki Z ejyb GUv kl n j ci, AskMÖnYKvix `i cökœcî ˆZixi cöwµqvi ga w` q cwipvjbv Kiæb (Av ivi Z _ i Rb `Lyb: KvR 9 n vûavdu 9: evav we køly mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i MvBW _ K evav we køl Yi Dci Av ivi wkqz wb Ï kbv Ges KvR 9 n vûavdu 10: evav we køly cwipvjbv Kivi Rb cö qvrbxq idv iý DcKiY) bvu: GKRb m Qv mek/ mwekv (m ez GKRb cökvmwbk mvnvh Kvix) hw` eo ` j h cökœ wj Av jvpbv Kiv n e m wj _ K `j h cökœ wj wbe vpb Ki e m wj mv _ mv _ UvBc K i d jb Zvn j A bk myweav n e Ges mgqi evup e GB e w³ KvR 9 Gi n vûavd U evav we køl Yi h cökœ wj Av Q mwu e envi Ki Z cv ib Ges cªkœc Îi 144

146 KvVv gvwu KvR 9 n vûavdu 7: Kg kvjv PjvKvjxb mg q e envi Kivi Rb Ôhviv K iõ Ôhviv K i bvõ Gi gnov cökœvejx - GwUi Av` j Zix Ki Z cv ib mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i GwU wbwðz Ki Z n e h GB e w³i hb Av jvpbvwu AbymiY Ki Z Kvb Amyweav bv nq kmb kl n j ci, mnvqk/mnvwqkvi DwPZ n e cökœcîwu cixÿv Kiv, PzovšÍ Kiv Ges h _ó Kwc ˆZix Kiv (evowz Kwcmn) hv Z AskMÖnYKvixiv c ii w`b Zv `i gvvch v qi Kv R G wj e envi Ki Z cv ib mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i cökœc Îi mkj Abyev` wj gvvch v qi Kgx `i mn hvwmzvq hvpvb K i `Lv DwPZ we kl `k-wfwëk Kg kvjv n j, AskMÖnYKvix `i cöwzwu `j K cvpuwu Ôhviv K iõ Ges cvpuwu Ôhviv K i bvõ `i mvÿvrkvi wb Z n e, myzivs h _ó Kwc _vk Z n e AvÂwjK Kg kvjvi Rb, cöwzwu cöwkÿbv_ xi `ybwu ev wzbwu Kwc _vk Z n e 8. AskMÖnYKvix `i cökœ _vk j m wji DËi w`b, Ges e vl v K i ejyb, gvvch v qi Kv Ri/gnov Rwi ci Av M, GBgvÎ ˆZix Kiv cökœcîwu wkfv e e envi Ki Z n e mwu Abykxjb Kivi Rb Zviv c ii km b my hvm cv eb 145

147 KvR 9 n vûavdu 1 evav we køl Yi cvupwu bxwzgvjv 1. GKRb e w³i wk Kiv DwPZ mb Ávb _vkv gv b GB bq h wzwb Zv Ki eb Ab vb A bk welq wm vší K cöfvwez K i Kvb AvPi Yi BwZevPK djvdj m ú K Ávb _vkv nj gvî GKwU welq cªvqb `Lv hvq h, Kvb AvPiY AvqË Ki Z AvMÖnx niqvi A bk Av MB gvbyl mb AvPiY m ú K Rv b 2. GKRb e w³ GKwU AvPiY Ki Z Pvq Gi gv b GB bq h wzwb AvPiYwU Ki eb A bk mgq Avgiv evavmö Í nb Ges mwz Kvi A _ Avgiv hv Ki Z PvB Ges hv Avgiv Rvwb h Avgv `i Kiv DwPZ Zv Avgiv Ki Z cvwi bv (D`vniY ^iæc, mgq I UvKvi Afve) Avevi, A bk mgq jv Kiv GKwU mgm v mgvavb Kivi Rb ev GKwU Af vm cwiez b Kivi Rb A b i KvQ _ K mvnvh Pvq bv (D`vniY ^iæc, eüz `i, ^v Kg x `i, Ck ii KvQ _ K mvnvh ) 3. GKRb e w³ GKwU djvd ji wel q fq cvq, Gi gv b GB bq h wzwb Zv cöwz iva Kivi Rb c` ÿc MÖnY Ki eb A bk mgq Avgiv GKRb e w³i g b h fq Av Q Zv evov bvi Póv Kwi hv Z mb e w³wu cöwz iva Kivi Rb c` ÿc MÖnY K ib wkš gv S gv S `Lv hvq h, mgm vuv ev ivmuv m ú K Lye Kg fq _vkvi PvB ZI cök Zc ÿ mgm vwu Av ivi eo D`vniY ^iæc, KvD K K výv ii cixÿv Kiv bvi Rb Avgiv K vývi iv Mi fqvenzv wel q K_v ej Z cvwi A_ev KvD K km vmvi ˆZix Ki Z DrmvwnZ Kivi Rb B`yu ii fqvenzv wb q K_v ej Z cvwi wkš wkqz M elyvq `Lv M Q h, Kvb wkqz m ú K AwZwi³ fq Kvb e w³ K mb welqwu m ú K wkqz Kiv _ K weiz ivl Z cv i, D`vniY ^iæc, hw` Kv iv Kvb bwzevpk djvd ji Avk¼v _v K Zvn j Zviv nq Zv c` ÿc MÖn Yi djvdj Rvb Z PvB e bv, hgb - K výv ii cixÿvi djvdj hw` BwZevPK nq 4. gvbylrb Zv `i Rxe bi gvb DbœZ Kivi Rb A bk ai bi c` ÿ ci mv _ RwiZ _v K, Avgv `i Kv Ri Kvi YB h Zviv mb c` ÿc wj MÖnY K i Zv bq GKRb e w³ K Zvi Rxe bi gvb DbœZ Kivi KviY `wl q Kvb wkqz Ki Z DrmvwnZ Kiv m e hw`i KviYwU mivmwifv e K wli djb e w i ev ^v Dbœq bi mv _ hy³ bq (D`vniY ^iæc, kl vmvi ˆZix Kiv hv Z Avkcv ki cöwz ekxiv `L Z bv cvq Avcwb KZ cwigvb dmj msmön K i Qb, wb R K mvevb w` q cwi vi Kiv hv Z mymü Qovq) jvk `i K Kvb wkqz Ki Z AbycÖvwYZ Kivi Rb Avgv `i K Ggb wkqz KviY Ly ur ei Ki Z n e h wj Zv `i Rxe bi gvb K DbœZ Ki e 5. Avcwb hw` DbœxZ Kivi Rb mwvk AvPiYwU wbe vpb bv K ib, Zvn j hzb AvPiYwU AvqË Kiv nvk bv Kb Zgb Kvb dj cviqv hv e bv Avcwb h AvPiYwU DbœxZ Kivi Póv Ki Qb, evav we køly ïay mb AvPiYwU kzkiv KZRb jvk AvqË K i Qb muvi nvi e w Ki Z Avcbv K mvnvh Ki Z cv i, wkš Avcwb h AvPiYwU DbœxZ Kivi cwikíbv K i Qb mwu hw` djvd ji Dci Zgb Kvb cöfve dj Z bv cv i (D`vniY ^iæc, K wl Drcv`b e w, wkïi Acywó), Zvn j Avkv Ki eb bv h evav we køly mb djvdj K cwiez b Ki Z cvi e cövqb `Lv hvq h mwvk AvPiY wji g a wkqz cwiez b Avbv A bk wkqz cwiez b K i DbœxZ Kivi Rb Avcwb wk mwvk AvPiY wbe vpb K i Qb wkbv Zv wbwðz Kivi Rb Av ivi Ab vb Uzjm& Ges Z_ i q Q h wji Avcbvi e envi Kiv DwPZ ( hgb: Positive Deviance Inquiries (PDIs), Scientific Effective Studies). 146

148 KvR 9 n vûavdu 2 evav we køly Ljvi vww MvBW 1. Ôhviv K iõ Ôhviv K i bvõ vwwwu evav we køly vwwi _ K wkfv e Avjv`v? Ôhviv K iõ Ôhviv K i bvõ vwwwui mv _ evav we køly vwwi A bk wgj Av Q, KviY GB `ywub Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ G `i g a Zyjbvi Dci Rvi `q Ôhviv K iõ/ôhviv K i bvõ-gwu ïay PviwU wba vi Ki Dci vww K i evav we køly H PviwU QvovI Av ivi evowz wba vikmn gvu AvUwU wba vik wb q KvR K i mvaviyz Ôhviv K iõ/ôhviv K i bvõ vww Z QqwU cökœ _v K Ôhviv K iõ/ Ôhviv K i bvõ vwwi g~j c wz Z QvU bgybv AvKvi Ges wfbœ ai bi we køl Yi c wz mycvwik Kiv n q Q; wkš GLb Avgiv evav we køl Y h bgybv AvKvi I h ai bi we køly c wz e envi Kwi mb GKB bgybv AvKvi I we køl Yi aib e envi Kivi mycvwik KiwQ Ôhviv K iõ Ôhviv K i bvõ vwwwu evav we køl Yi PvB Z GKUz Kg mgq bq, KviY G Z cökœ Kg Av Q wkš GwU wbwðz Kiv iæz c~y h, h evavwu vww Kiv n Q muvi Kvb m ve iæz c~y wba vik hb Avcwb ev` bv `b hw` Kvb wøav ev m `n _v K Zvn j, h AvPiYwU Avcwb vww Ki Qb mwu K cöfvwez Ki Z cv i Ggb me wba vik wj wpwýz Kivi Rb GKwU evav we køly e envi Kiæb Ges me wba vik wj cixÿv K i `Lyb 2. GKwU evav we køl Y KZ wj wba vik cixÿv K i `Lv nq? GKwU evav we køly AvPi Yi 12wU ch ší m ve wba vik wj cixÿv K i ` L KvR 7 n vûavdu 1: iæz c~y wba vikmg~n h wj AvPiY K cöfvwez K i GwUi g a wba vi Ki h ZvwjKv Av Q Zv `Lyb we kl Z _ i Rb G wji g a Av Q PviwU me P q kw³kvjx wba vik wj: Dcj ^-ÿgzv/`ÿzv, Dcj mvgvwrk ixwzbxwz, Dcj BwZevPK djvdj Ges Dcj bwzevpk djvdj fvj nq h KqwU m e mb KqwU wba vik cwigvc K i `Lv hv Z iæz c~y wba vik h wj AvPiY K cöfvwez K i m wj hb ev` bv c o Kvb wba vikwu iæz c~y n q `Lv w` e Zv Av M _ KB Rvbv Lye KwVb bvu: GUv m e h Ôhviv K iõ/ôhviv K i bvõ vwwwui gva g Avcwb Avcbvi cª qvrbxq Z_ wj cv eb, wkš GKwU m ú ~Y evav we køly vww Kivi gva g Avcwb iæz c~y wba vik ev` c o hviqvi SzuwK K Kgv Z cv ib 3. Kvi mvÿvrkvi biqv nq? evav we køly G, mvÿvrkvimönykvixiv AMÖvwaKvi ` ji cökœ wj _ K jvk `i cökœ K i _v Kb DËi`vZv `i K Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ GB `yb kªbx Z fvm Kiv nq Ges Zv `i DËi wji GB kªyxwefvm Abyhvqx Zzjbv Kiv nq 4. Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ Zv `i mvÿvrkvi K bq? mkj mvÿvrkvi MÖnYKvix `i KB m ú~ Y evav we kølywu cwipvjbv Kivi Rb cöwkÿycövß n Z n e GKRb mvÿvrkvimönykvix ïaygvî Ôhviv K iõ `i mvÿvrkvi MªnY bv K i ev ïaygvî Ôhviv K i bvõ `i mvÿvrkvimöny bv K i hw` mkj mvÿvrkvimönbkvixb wkqz Ôhviv K iõ Ges 147

149 wkqz Ôhviv K i bvõ `i mvÿvrkvi bb Zvn j me P q fvj nq Gi d j GKRb wbwï ó mvÿvrkvimönykvix hfv e GKwU wbwï ó cökœwu K ib ev DËiwU wj Lb Zvi d j h GKB ai bi cöeyzv Zixi niqvi m vebv _v K n e Zv Gov bv m e n e hw` GKRb e w³ cökœ K ib Ges Av ikrb DËiwU wj Lb Zvn j Rwic PjvKvjxb mg q GUv wbwðz Kiæb h GB `ybrb e w³ hb Zv `i f~wgkv cwiez b K ib 5. GKRb e w³i Dci wk G Ki AwaK AvPi Yi Dci mvÿvrkvi MÖnY Kiv hvq? Avcwb hw` GKB mg q G Ki AwaK evav we køly K i _v Kb Zvn j, fvj nq hw` GKRb e w³ K wewfbœ AvPi Yi wel q cökœ bv K ib GUv Ki j DËi`vZvi Dci AwZwi³ Pvc m wó Kiv n e, Ges mvÿvrkvi w` Z w` Z K vší n q mb e w³wu nq Zv Am ú ~Y DËi w` eb ev fvjfv e wpšív bv K ib DËi w` eb 6. wk ai bi bgybv AvKvi (sample size) e envi Kiv DwPZ? GKwU evav we køl Y, 90 R bi bgybv AvKv i, 45 Rb Ôhviv K iõ Ges 45 Rb Ôhviv K i bvõ `i mvÿvrkvi MÖnY Ki j me P q fvj djvdj cviqv hvq hw` cöwzwu ` ji Rb 45 R bi Kg jv Ki mvÿvrkvi MÖnY Kiv nq, Zvn j Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ `i g a mwz Kv ii iæz c~y cv_k wj wpwýz Ki Z bv cvivi SzuwK _ K hvq h cv_ K wji Dci wfwë K i Avcwb Avcbvi Kvh µg Ges evz v wj cwikíbv Ki eb Aciw` K, hw` Avcwb cöwzwu ` ji Rb 45 R bi ekx jv Ki mvÿvrkvi MÖnY K ib Zvn j Avcwb Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ `i g a QvU QvU cv_ K wj KI wpwýz Ki Z cvi eb wkš, hw` GKwU wba vi Ki wel q Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ `i DË ii g a Lye mvgvb cv_ K _v K, Zvn j AvPi Yi Dci GB wba vikwui cöfve LyeB mvgvb n e, GgbwK hw`i G ÿ Î msl vi w`k _ K `yb ` ji cv_ K Uv eo nq, Ges mb Kvi Y GB ai bi QvU ev mvgvb cv_ K wj K Gwo q hviqvb fvj hw` 45 Rb Ôhviv K iõ Ges 45 Rb Ôhviv K i bvõ Ly ur cviqv Am e nq ZviciI Avcwb iæz c~y KZK wj djvdj c Z cv ib hw` Avcwb GKwU ` j (hviv K i) 45 Rb Ly ur bv cvb Zvn j Ab `jwu Z (hviv K i bv) Av ivi ekx mvÿvrkvi MÖnY Ki j Avcwb `ywu ` ji g a cwimsl vbmz iæz c~y cv_ K Ly ur c Z cv ib ( hgb: 30 Rb Ôhviv K iõ Ges 60 Rb Ôhviv K i bvõ `i mvÿvrkvi MÖnY Kiv) Lqvj Kiæb, hlb GKUz QvU bgybv AvKvi e envi Ki eb ZLb WvUv we køly Kivi Rb evav we køl Yi Uey jkb kxuwu (hv cökœ 11 Z Av jvpbv Kiv n q Q) e envi Ki j Av ivi iæz c~y cwimsl vbmz cv_ K wj Ly ur cviqv hv e cöwzwu Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ ` ji Rb 45 Rb mvÿvrkvi MÖn Yi mycvwik Kiv n q Q case control type Gi vwwi djvd ji ÿ Î hlv b p0 value nj 0.25, GKwU relative risk nj 3.0, alpha error nj 5% Ges power nj 80% 148

150 7. wk ai bi bgybv ev sampling e envi Kiv DwPZ? evav we kølywu Case-control Gi gz cövq GKB ikg, ZvB Gi Rb GKwU KwVb bgybv c wzi cö qvrb bvb A_ev Avcbviv Ab vb Rwi ci Rb ( hgb: Knowledge, Practice and Coverage {KPC} survey) hgb RbmsL vi Dci wfwë K i bgybv e envi K i _v Kb mb ai bi bgybvii cö qvrb bvb wkš, Avcbvi Rwi ci djvdjwu hv Z GjvKvi AwaKvsk jv Ki gzvg Zi cöwzdjb nq mb Rb fvj nq hw` Avcwb DËi`vZv `i wewfbœ KwgDwbwU _ K e Q bb D`vniY ^iæc, 45 Rb Ôhviv K iõ Ges 45 Ôhviv K i bvõ wbe vp bi mgq G `i mkj K GKB KwgDwbwU _ K wbe vpb bv K i fvj nq hw` bqwu wewfbœ KwgDwbwU _ K cvpurb Ôhviv K iõ Ges cvuprb Ôhviv K i bvõ `i mvÿvrkvi MÖnY Kiv nq 8. GKwU evav we køly Ki Z mvaviy KZ mgq jv M? Ab vb bmz M elyv c wzi Zzjbvq ( hgb, dvkvm MÖæcm&), evav we køl Yi Rb Av ivi ekx gvbe m ú` I A_ m ú `i cö qvrb nq KviY GwUi Rb eo AvKv ii bgybvi cö qvrb nq Ab vb cwigvymz M elyv c wzi Zyjbvq ( hgb: KPC Rwic), evav we køl Yi Rb Kg gvbe m ú` I A_ m ú `i cö qvrb nq ZviciI, wba vwiz Rb Mvôxi Kv Q cšqv bv hw` mnr nq (Ges hw` Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ GB `ybwu `j K mn RB wpwýz Kiv hvq) Zvn j wzbrb K i `ybwu `j wb q `yb w` bi g a (cöwzwu `j cöwzw`b `ybwu ev wzbwu KwgDwbwU Z wm q cöwz KwgDwbwU Z 10wU mvÿvrkvi MÖnY Ki e) GKwU AvPi Yi Dci Rwic Kiv m e GwU Ki Z n e cöwkÿ Yi mgq ev` w` q evowz mg q Ges Uey jkb, we køly Ges Kvh µg I evz v wj cwikíbv Kivi Rb Av ivi GKw`b ev `yb w`b mgq wb Z n e 9. cövmövg PjvKvjxb mg qi Kvb mg q evav we kølywu Kiv DwPZ? cövmöv gi ïiæi w` K evav we køly cwipvjbv Kiv h Z cv i D`vniY ^iæc, we ÍvwiZ Kg cwikíbv Zixi c~ e hwu nj GKwU AvPiY cwiez b (BC) KŠkj cwikíbv Kivi Av`k mgq A_ev ga ez x mg q GwU Kiv h Z cv i hw` cövmöv gi g a wkqz cwiez b Kivi cª qvrb nq GKwU cövmöv gi PzovšÍ g~j vqb Kivi cii GwU Kiv h Z cv i hw` Gi Rb A_ eivï _v K Ges hw` BC KŠk ji g a cwiez bi cª qvrb nq GQvovI Kvb Kvb ms v GKwU `xh gqv`x cövmöv gi g a A bk wj AvPiY M elyv Kivi Rb wkqz mgq AšÍi AšÍi evav we køly cwipvjbv K i _v K hgb, Food For the Hungry gv S gv S h AvPiYwU Zviv mevkvix `j wji mvnv q DbœxZ Ki Z Pvq ( hgb: Qqgvm eqm ch ší ïa~gvî ey Ki `ya LvIqv bv) Ggb GKwU g~j AvPi Yi Dci cöwz Pvi gvm AšÍi AšÍi AvPiY cwiez b gwwdj Zix Kivi c~ e evav we køly cwipvjbv K i _v K 10. msm nxz Z_ wj KZUv wbf i hvm? h nzz evav we køly Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ Gi g a iæz c~y cwimsl vbmz cv_ K wj wpwýz K i, mb Kvi b GUvi m vebv Lye ekx h GB `ybwu ` ji wba vik wji g a h cv_ K `Lv hv e mb cv_ K wj mwz Kv ii cv_ K n e, NUbvµ g msnwvz Kvb cv_ K bq wpwýz GB wba vik wj K NUbvµ g cviqvi m vebv gvî kzkvi 5 GiI Kg (P 0.05). 149

151 11. djvdj wj wk fv e we køly Kiv nq? cökœcî ˆZix K i m wj mgvb msl K Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ `i gv S e envi Kiv nq djvdj wj KvwWs MvBW e envi K i KvM R nv Z Uey jkb Kiv nq Ges mvaviy K vjkz jui e envi K i kzkiv wj ei Kiv nq h DËi wj Z 15 c q U ev ZviI ekx cv_ K _vk e mb wjb nj me P q iæz c~y wba vik ev Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck GUv g b ivlv iæz c~y h Ôhviv K iõ ev Ôhviv K i bvõ Gi Kvb GKwU ` ji Kvb GKwU wbwï ó DË ii kzkiv (A_ev `ybwu ` ji gvu kzkiv) Kvb A_ enb K i bv, wkš GB `ybwu ` ji DË ii g a KZUzKz cv_ K muv nj iæz c~y Avevi gv S gv S Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ GB Dfq ` ji ÿz`ª GKwU Ask Kvb wbwï ó DËi w` Z cv i, wkš Zv `i g a cv_ K Uv ek eo n Z cv i hv Kvb iæz c~y wba vik K wb Ï k K i Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ `i g a cv_ K ei Kivi Rb we klfv e Zix Kiv evav we køl Yi Uey jkb kxu, gvb µvmdu G j G djvdj wj GwUª Ki Z n e spreadsheet G Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ G `i cö Z KwU DË ii kzkiv wnmve Kiv nq Ges cwimsl vbmzfv e h cv_ K wj iæz c~y m wj wpwýz Kiv nq spreadsheet e envi Ki j cªvmöv gi Kgx iv Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ `i g a cwimsl vbmz iæz c~y cv_ K wj mn RB ei Ki Z cv ib (Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ `i g a 15 c q U ev ZviI ekx cv_ K wj Zzjbv K i `Lvi gva g) GwU cªwzwu wba vi Ki e vwßi cökvk K i ( hgb: Ôhviv K i bvõ `jwui PvB Z Ôhviv K iõ `jwu mvz Y ekx e j h Zv `i ^vgxiv AvPiYwU Aby gv`b K iõ evav we køl Yi Uey jkb kxuwu GLvb _ K WvDb jvw Kiv hv e evav we køl Yi Uey jkb kxuwu wkfv e e envi Ki Z n e mwui e vl v GB I qemvbu _ K cviqv hv e ation_latest.doc evav we køly Uey jkb kxu Gi Dci fwel Z Kvb cwiez b Kiv n j Ges mwui wb Ï kbv Food Security and Nutrition Network website ( Ges GLv b `Iqv n e: bmz c wzwu wk gv S gv S evav we køl Yi c i e envi Kiv nq? n uv, evav we køl bi c i d jv-av ci Rb bmz c wz e envi Kiv hvq D`vniY ^iæc, hw` Avgiv GKwU cökœ _ K Dcj bwzevpk djvdj wj m ú K Rvb Z cvwi, hgb - K l Ki Dcjw K i h AvPiYwU Ki j Zv `i dmj K g hv e, Zvn j Avgv `i d jv-av ci Rb dvkvm MÖæc ww vmb Ki Z n e Rvbvi Rb h Kv_v _ K GB Dcjw ev wek vm G m Q, Kb Zviv g b Ki Q h Ggb n e, wkfv e GUv n e e j Zvi g b Ki Q (ÔwKfv eõ, Ô KbÕ GB cökœ wj cövqb cwigvbmz c wzi PvB Z YMZ c wz Z ekx fvjfv e e eüz nq) GKBfv e hw` A bk jvk GB DËi `q h, `v gi Kvi b cövwub mg Lvevi LvIqv Lye KwVb 150

152 Zvn j, nq Zv Positive Deviance Inquiry (PDI) A_ev Acywói vbxq wba vik wj vww KivUv mvnvh c~y n e GUv Rvbvi Rb h mlv b wk cövwu bi wekí Kvb Drm Av Q wkbv h wj m ú K jv K Kg Rv b - h wj mn RB MÖnY hvm, `v g m Ív, cövwub mg - Ges h wj K DbœxZ Kiv hvq evav we køly hlb Avcbv K me P q iæz c~y evav wj Ges mwµqk/dïxck wj (Enabler) wpwýz Ki Z mvnvh K i, ZLb m ez ïa~ h wj jvk `i K Drmvn `q Ges Ôeo DcKvwiZv wj KÕ wpwýz KivB h _ó bq mb Kvi b, Focus Group Discussion (FGD) ev Participatory Learning and Action (PLA) Gi gva g d jv-avc Ki j fvj nq (wkš ZviciI, Avgiv hlb cökœcî ˆZix Ki Z wkle, ZLb Avgiv GKwU cö kœi wel q D jøl Kie hv Avcwb Avcbvi cökœc Îi k l ivl Z cv ib Ôeo DcKvwiZv wjõ `Lvi Rb ) mvÿvrkvi biqvi Rb h _ó cwigv Y Ôhviv K iõ bv cviqvi Kvi b hw` evav we køly Kiv m e bv nq, Zvn j Trials of Improved Pratices (TIPS), FGDs, PLA BZ vw` Ges Ab vb bmz c wz wj e envi K i mwµqk/dïxck wj (Enabler) Ges evav wj m ú K Rvbv hvq D`vniY ^iæc, Avcwb Ôhviv K iõ Ly ur cv eb bv hlb Avcwb Kvb GjvKvq byzb Kvb AvPi Yi mv _ jvk `i cwipq Kwi q `b ( hgb: Solar Water Disinfection ev wr ¼i e envi) A_ev hw` cövmvgwu gvî ïiæ nq 13. evav we køly wk GKwU cwigvymz c wz, YMZ c wz bvwk DfqB? evav we køly cwigvymz Ges YMZ DfqB Gi g a Lvjv-cª kœi wkqz Dcv`vb Av Q h wj Avgv `i K Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ Zv `i wpšív fvebv wj AbymÜvb K i `L Z Ges m wji ey bv c Z mvnvh K i ( h wji Kvi Y GwU YMZ cök wz jvf K i) Ges Gi g a wkqz cwigvymz w`k Av Q hv Avgv `i K Kvb cv_ K wj iæz c~y m wj eys Z mvnvh K i ( hgb: Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ `i g a cwimsl vbmz Zzjbv) h nzz evav we køly GKwU wbwïó wek v mi e vckzv cwigvc K i bv mb Kvi b AwaKvsk jvk GwU K cwigvymz c wz g b K ib bv, wkš cwigvymz Z_ I G Z msmön Kiv nq Ges we køly Kiv nq ( hgb: Kvb `j GKwU wbwï ó DËi ekx w` q Q) 151

153 evav we køly Ljvi cökœvejx 1. wk fv e Ôhviv K iõ/ôhviv K i bvõ vwwwu evav we køly vww _ K Avjv`v? 2. Ôhviv K iõ/ôhviv K i bvõ vww Z KZ wj wba vik cixÿv Kiv nq? 3. evav we køl Y KZ wj wba vik cixÿv Kiv nq? 4. Kvb wba vik wj Ôhviv K iõ/ôhviv K i bvõ Ges evav we køly GB Dfq vww ZB cixÿv K i `Lv nq? 5. evav we køl Y Kvi mvÿvrkvi biqv nq? 6. K Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ Gi mvÿvrkvi bq (Ôhviv K i/ôhviv K i bvõ Ges evav we køly Dfq vww ZB)? 7. GKB e w³ K wk GKwUi ekx AvPi Yi DcimvÿvrKvi biqv hvq? 8. Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ `i Dci KZ wj mvÿvrkvi biqv DwPZ? 9. KZRb Ôhviv K iõ Gi mvÿvrkvi biqv DwPZ? 10. GKB KwgDwbwU _ K hw` Avcwb Avcbvi me wj bgybv bb Zvn j wk Zv MÖnY hvm n e? 11. GKwU cövmªvg Pjvi Kvb mg q evav we køly cwipvjbv Kiv DwPZ? 12. evav we køl Yi Øviv msm nxz Z_ wj KZUv wbf i hvm? 13. iæz c~y cv_k wnmv e we ewpz niqvi Rb Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ Gi g a b~b Zg KZ c q Ui cv_ K _vk Z n e? 14. djvdj wj wk ïay nv Z (g vbyqvwj) we køly Kiv hvq? 15. KLbI KLbI wk evav we køl Yi c i YMZ c wz e envi Kiv nq? 16. evav we køly wk YMZ c wz bvwk cwigvymz c wz e envi K i? 152

154 KvR 9 n vûavdu 3 evav we køly cwipvjbv Kivi mvzwu avc 1. D Ïk, AvPiY Ges AMÖvwaKvi `j wba viy Kiæb Avcbvi AvPiY cwiezb KŠk ji djvdj wnmv e Avcwb wk NU Z `L Z Pvb, D`vniY ^iæc, Ô hme fzæv Drcv`bKvix K l Kiv cövk wzk mvi e envi K i Zv `i kzkiv nvi e w KivÕ A_ev ÔMf avi Yi wzbgv mi mgq cömec~e cömywz mev wb q Qb Ggb cörbb mÿg gwnjv `i msl ve w KivÕ 2. AvPiY evqvb (w Œwbs) Kivi Rb cökœ Zix Kiæb GB cökœwu, hv g~j cökœ bq (A_ev cö kœi mu) GwU DËi`vZv wk Ôhviv K iõ bvwk Ôhviv K i bvõ Zv mbv³ Ki Z mvnvh Ki e D`vniY ^iæc: ÔMZ eqi ivc bi mgq Avcwb Kvb ai bi exr e envi K iwq jb? m wj Avcwb Kv_v _ K c qwq jb?õ GKwU vww Z wkfv e Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ `i mbv³ Kiv n e mb wel q cövmªv gi Kg x `i m½wz ervq ivl Z n e 3. wba vik wji Ges c~e -cixÿvi cökœcî wji Rb cökœ Zix Kiæb h KqwU wba vik wj K vww Kiv n e mb me wba vi Ki Rb GKwU ev `ybwu K i cökœ wba viy Kiæb Ges m ve DËimn cökœcî I KvwWs MvBW ˆZix Kiæb hzœ wb q KvRwU Kiæb: GwU KwVb avc wji g a GKwU! AMÖvwaKvi ` ji wkqz m` m i Dci cökœcîwu hvpvb K i `Lyb GUv wbwðz Kivi Rb h DËi`vZviv cökœ wj wvkgz eyq Z cvi eb 4. gvv ch v qi Kv Ri e e v Kiæb wm vší wbb Kvb GjvKvq Avcwb Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ `i Ly ur cv eb ( hgb: KwgDwbwU evmvb, wk wbk) A_ev Kvb KwgDwbwU Z Avcwb mvÿvrkvi cwipvjbv Ki eb mswkøó KZ c ÿi AbygwZ wbb ( hgb: MÖvg cöavb, wk wb Ki g vbvrvi) cökœcî e envi K i mvÿvrkvi MÖnY Abykxjb Kiyb h _ó cwigv Y cökœc Îi Kwc ˆZix Kiæb h v b mvÿvrkvi MÖnY Kiv n e mlv b hviqvi Rb hvbevn bi e e v Kiæb 5. evav we køl Yi Rb gvv _ K Z_ msmön Kiæb AMÖvwaKvi ` ji m`m `i ga _ K Kgc ÿ 45 Rb Ôhviv K iõ `i mvÿvrkvi wbb Ges 45 Rb Ôhviv K i bvõ `i mvÿvrkvi wbb cökœc Îi g a Zv `i DËi wj wjwce Kiæb cökœc Îi mv _ mivmwi m úk hy³ bq Ggb DËi wj Avjv`v K i DËi`vZvi wb Ri fvlvq wj L ivlyb 6. evav we køl Yi cökœc Îi DËi wj KvW Kiæb, Uey jkb Kiæb Ges we køly Kiæb KvwWs kxu cö Z Kiæb cöwzwu mvÿvrkv ii djvdj wd cpv U Uey ju Kivi Rb ` j KvR Kiæb wd cpv U Uey jkb Kiv djvdj wj GKwU Uwe j ev evav we køl Yi Rb Zix Kiv gvb µvmd&u G mj G Gw Uª Kiæb cöwzwu cö kœi/dë ii Rb Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ `i DËi wj Zzjbv Kiæb hw` nv Z Uey ju K ib Zvn j Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ `i g a eo cv_k (15+ % c h U) wj `Lyb A_ev hw` úªw kxu e envi K ib Zvn j 153

155 cwimsl vbmz iæz c~y cv_ K wj `Lyb cwimsl vbmz iæz c~y cv_ K wji Rb DËi Ges AvPi Yi g a ms hv Mi ÍiwU (odds ratio column G) Lqvj Kiæb 7. DBC KvVv gv Z Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj K jlvi Rb djvdj wj e envi Kiæb Avcbvi Z_ wj we køl Yi ci, Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj jlvi Rb Z_ wj e envi Kiæb Kvb wba vik wji Dci Avcbvi Kvh µg wji Øviv Aek B KvR Ki Z n e? Kvb evz v wj e envi Ki Z n e? cöfvek `j wji Dci wkfv e Avcwb KvR Ki eb? Avcbvi cövmvªg PjvKvjxb mg q Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wji g a cwiez b wj wkfv e gwbui Ki eb m wel q wm vší wbb 154

156 KvR 9 n vûavdu 4 evav we køl Yi bgybv cökœ wba vik Dcj ^-ÿgzv/`ÿzv Dcj mvgvwrk ixwzbxwz Dcj BwZevPK djvdj Dcj bwzevpk djvdj e env ii Rb evav we køl Yi bgybv cökœ ez gv b Avcbvi h Ávb, `ÿzv, mgq Ges A_ Av Q, m wji Dci wfwë K i Avcbvi wk g b nq fyæv km Pv l ˆRe mvi e envi Kivi gz cö qvrbxq Ávb I `ÿzv wk Avcbvi Av Q? Avcbvi wk g b nq, Kvb Kvb welq wji Kvi b Avcbvi c ÿ fzæv Pv l ˆRe mvi e envi Kiv mnr (ev mnr n e)? Ges Kvb Kvb welq wji Kvi Y GwU Kiv KwVb (ev KwVb n e)? ez gv b Avcbvi h Ávb, `ÿzv I mgq Av Q m wj w` q wk Avcwb g b K ib Avcbvi 6 gv mi Kg eqmx wkï K Avcwb Qqgvm eqm ch š ïaygvî ey Ki `ya LvIqv Z cvi eb? Avcwb wk g b K ib, Kvb Kvb welq wji Kvi Y Avcbvi c ÿ Avcbvi 6 gv mi Kg eq mi wkï K Qqgvm eqm ch š ïaygvî ey Ki `ya cvb Kiv bv mnr (ev n e)? Ges Kvb Kvb welq wji Kvi Y GB KvRwU KwVb ev KwVb n e? fzuív Pv li ÿ Î Avcwb h ˆRe mvi e envi Ki Qb GUv wk Avcbvi cwiwpz AwaKvsk jvk mg_ b K ib (ev Ki eb)? fzuív Pv li Rb Avcwb h ˆRe mvi e envi Kivi wm vší wb q Qb GB wel q K K Avcbv K mg_ b/mn hvwmzv Ki Qb (ev K K mg_ b/mn hvwmzv Ki eb)? fzuív Pv li Rb Avcwb h ˆRe mvi e envi Kivi wm vší wb q Qb Zv K K K mg_ b Ki eb bv? Avcwb h Avcbvi 6 gv mi Kg eqmx wkï K Qqgvm ch ší ïaygvî ey Ki `ya LvIqv Qb GwU K wk Avcbvi cwiwpz AwaKvsk jvk mg_ b K ib (ev Ki eb)? Avcwb h Avcbvi 6 gv mi Kg eqmx wkï K Qqgvm ch ší ïaygvî ey Ki `ya LvIqv bvi wm vší wb q Qb Zv K K mg_ b/mn hvwmzv K ib ev (mg_ b ev mn hvwmzv Ki eb)? Avcwb h Avcbvi 6 gv mi Kg eqmx wkï K Qqgvm ch ší ïaygvî ey Ki `ya LvIqv bvi wm vší wb q Qb Zv K K mg_ b/mn hvwmzv Ki eb bv? fyuívi Rwg Z ˆRe mvi e envi Kivi d j Avcwb wk wk myweav/dckvwizv cv Qb (ev cv eb)? Avcbvi 6 gv mi Kg eqmx wkï K Qqgvm ch ší ïaygvî ey Ki `ya LvIqv bvi d j Avcwb wk wk myweav/dckvwizv cv Qb (ev cv eb)? fyuívi Rwg Z ˆRe mvi e env i Kivi ÿ Î Avcwb wk wk Amyweavi mb ywlb n Qb (ev n eb)? Avcbvi 6 gv mi Kg eqmx wkï K Qqgvm eqm ch ší ïaygvî ey Ki `ya LvIqv bvi ÿ Î Avcwb wk wk Amyweavi mb ywlb n Qb (ev n eb)? 155

157 my hvm myweav c` ÿc MÖn Yi Rb Dcj ^-ÿgzv c` ÿc MÖn Yi Rb Bw½Z/g b Kwi q `Iqv Dcj ms e`bkxjzv/ SuywK Dcj ZxeªZv/ iæzizv Dcj Hk wik B Qv bxwzgvjv ms wz fyuívi Rwg Z ˆRe mvi e envi Kivi Rb cö qvrbxq DcKiY cviqv Avcbvi Rb KZUv KwVb? Avcbvi wkïi hlb Wvqwiqv nq ZLb vbxq wk wb K hviqv Avcbvi Rb KZUv KwVb? Avcwb hlb wk wb K hvb ZLb Zviv Avcbvi mv _ Kgb e envi ev KZ fvj e envi K ib? ïaygvî ey Ki `ya LvIqv bv wk Avcbvi wkï K WvBwiqv ev Ab Kvb AmyL Gwo q Pj Z mvnvh Ki e? gjz v Mi c i Ges LvIqvi Av M hw` Avcwb mvevb w` q nvz cwi vi K ib Zvn j Avcbvi K jivq AvµvšÍ niqvi m vebv KZUzKz? cöwz gv m Pviv wezi Yi ZvwiL I vb g b ivlv wk mnr? Avcbvi wkï K wukv `v bi ZvwiL Ges f vkwm bi Rb Kv_vqwb q h Z n e Zv g b ivlv wk KwVb? Avcwb wk g b K ib Bù yi ev cvkvgvk oi Kvi b AvMvgx eqi Avcwb dm ji GKwU eo Ask nviv Z cv ib? AvMvgx eqi Avcbvi wkïi Acywó Z fvmvi m vebv KZUzKz? Avcbvi km hw` Gd vuw b Øviv `~wlz nq Zvn j GB mgm vwu KZUzKz iæzi? wkïi Acywó Z fvmv K wkïi Ab vb mgm v wji mv _ Zzjbv K i `L j Acywó K KZUv iæzi mgm v e j g b nq? Avcwb wk g b K ib Ck i (ev `ezviv) Pvb h dmj DVv bvi ci Avcwb RwgwU Av b w` q cywi q d jb? Avcwb wk g b K i wkï `i WvBwiqv ev Ab vb ivm niqv GUv Ck ii B Qv? Ggb Kvb AvBb ev bxwzgvjv wk Av Q hvi Kvi b Avcwb dmj Zvjvi ci Rwg Z Av b w` Z Pvb? Ggb Kvb AvBb ev bxwzgvjv wk Av Q hvi Kvi b Avcwb Avcbvi wkï K wukv w` eb? ˆRe mvi e env ii weiæ wk Kvb mvs wzk wbqg/wewawb la Av Q? R b i mv _ mv _ wkï K ey Ki `yl LvIqv bvi weiæ wk Kvb mvs wzk wbqg/wewawb la Av Q? 156

158 KvR 9 n vûavdu 5 K lk `i mv _ e envi Kivi Rb evav we køl Yi cökœvejxi D`vniY RbmsL vzvwë K WvUv: wba vwiz Rb Mvôxi mv _ e envi Kivi Rb Kgjv i Oi wgwó Avjy Pvl Kivi wel q evav we køl Yi cökœvejx `j: hviv K i hviv K i bv mvÿvrkvi MÖnYKvixi bvg: cökœvejx b ^i: ZvwiL: / / mgvr/kwgdwbwu : mvÿvrkvi `vbkvixi wj½: cyiæl gwnjv mvÿvrkvi `vbkvixi fvlv: wjwlz fzwgkv: AvmmvjvgIqvjvBKzg / bg vi, Avgvi bvg...;k l Kiv wk ai bi km ivcb K i m wel q h `jwu M elyv Ki Q Avwg mb ` ji GKRb m`m GB M elbvq Avgiv GB welqwu wb q Av jvpbv Kwi Ges Gi Rb cövq 15 wgwbu mgq jv M GB wel q Avwg Avcbvi gzvgz Rvb Z PvB Avcwb wk Avgvi mv _ GB wel q K_v ej eb? Avcwb GB M elyvq Ask biqvi Rb eva bb Ges Avcwb hw` AskMÖnY Ki Z bv Pvb Zvn j Kvb ai bi mev cö`vb eü Kiv n e bv Avgiv hv wkqz Av jvpbv Kie mb mg Í wkqzi Rb Kov MvcbxqZv ervq ivlv n e Ges Ab Kv iv mv _ Zv kqvi Kiv n e bv Avcwb wk GB M elyvq AskMÖnY Ki Z Pvb? hw` wzwb bv Pvb Zvn j Zv `i mg qi Rb ab ev` w`b AvPiY e vl v bx Pi cökœ wj Z Avwg Ggb GKwU bzzb ai bi wgwó Avjy Pv li wel q K_v ej Z hvw Q hvi Mv qi is Kgjv i Oi (Avcwb GKwU Kgjv i Oi wgwó Avjy `Lv Z cv ib) 157

159 wefvm - K: Ôhviv K iõ/ôhviv K i bvõ evqvb (w Œwbs) Kivi cökœ wj 1. Avcwb wk KLbI wgwó Avjy jvwm qwq jb? K. n vu L. bv mvÿvrkvi kl Kiæb Ges Ab Av ikrb mvÿvrkvi `vzv LyuRyb M. Rvwb bv/ DËi bvb mvÿvrkvi kl Kiæb Ges Ab Av ikrb mvÿvrkvi `vzv LyuRyb 2. Avcwb wk KLbI Kgjv i Oi wgwó Avjyi RvZ jvwm qwq jb? K. n vu L. bv Ôhviv K i bvõ wnmv e wpwýz Kiæb Ges wefvm - L Z P j hvb M. Rvwb bv/ DËi bvb mvÿvrkvi kl Kiæb Ges Ab Av ikrb mvÿvrkvi `vzv LyRuyb Ôhviv K iõ/ Ôhviv K i bvõ köbxweb v mi QK hviv K i (bx Pi mevb) hviv K i bv (bx Pi h KD GKRb) mvÿvrkvi biqv nqwb (bx Pi h KD GKRb) cökœ 1 =K cökœ 1 =... cökœ 1 = L ev M cökœ 2 =K cökœ 2 =L cökœ 2 = M wefvm - L: M elyvi cökœ (&Dcj ^-ÿgzv/`ÿzv) 1. Ôhviv K iõ/ôhviv K i-bvõ: Avcwb wk g b K ib Avcbvi ez gvb Ávb, m ú` Ges `ÿzv w` q wk Avcwb Kgjv is Gi wgwó Avjy jvmv Z cvi eb? K. n uv L. m ez M. bv N. Rvwb bv 158

160 (Dcj BwZevPK djvdj) 2K. hviv K i: Kgjv is Gi wgwó Avjyi RvZ Pvl Kivi ÿ Î wk wk myweav Av Q? 2L.hviv K i bv: Kgjv is Gi wgwó Avjy RvZ Pvl Ki j wk wk myweav cviqv hv e? mg Í DËi bx P wj L ivlyb ÔAv iv wkqy ej Z PvbÕ wr Ám K i wbwðz n q wbb (Dcj bwzevpk djvdj) 3K. hviv K i: Kgjv is Gi wgwó Avjyi RvZ Pvl Kivi ÿ Î wk wk Amyweav Av Q? 3L. hviv K i bv: Kgjv is Gi wgwó Avjy RvZ Pvl Ki j wk wk Amyweav n Z cv i? mg Í DËi bx P wj L ivlyb ÔAv iv wkqy ej Z PvbÕ wr Ám K i wbwðz n q wbb (Dcj ^-ÿgzv) 4K.hviv K i: Kvb Kvb welq wji Kvi Y Avcbvi c ÿ Kgjv is Gi wgwó Avjyi RvZ Pvl Kiv mnr n q Q? 4L. hviv K i bv: Kvb Kvb welq wji Kvi Y Avcbvi c ÿ Kgjv is Gi wgwó Avjyi RvZ Pvl Kiv mnr n e? mg Í DËi bx P wj L ivlyb ÔAv iv wkqy ej Z PvbÕ wr Ám K i wbwðz n q wbb (Dcj ^-ÿgzv) 5K. hviv K i: Kvb Kvb welq wji Kvi Y Avcbvi c ÿ Kgjv is Gi wgwó Avjyi RvZ Pvl Kiv KwVb n q Q? 5L. hviv K i bv: Kvb Kvb welq wji Kvi Y Avcbvi c ÿ Kgjv is Gi wgwó Avjyi RvZ Pvl Kiv KwVb n e? mg Í DËi bx P wj L ivlyb ÔAv iv wkqy ej Z PvbÕ wr Ám K i wbwðz n q wbb 159

161 (Dcj mvgvwrk ixwzbxwz) 6K. hviv K i: Avcwb hv `i wp bb Zv `i g a AwaKvsk jvkb wk Avcbvi Kgjv is Gi wgwó Avjy RvZ Pvl Kiv K mg_ b K ib? 6 L. hviv K i bv: Avcwb hv `i wp bb Zv `i g a AwaKvsk jvkb wk Avcbvi Kgjv is Gi wgwó Avjy RvZ Pvl Kiv K mg_ b Ki eb? K. n uv L. m ez M. bv N. Rvwb bv/dëi w`e bv (Dcj mvgvwrk ixwzbxwz) 7K. hviv K i: Avcwb h Kgjv is Gi wgwó Avjyi RvZ Pvl Ki Qb Zv K K mg_ b Ki Qb? 7L. hviv K i bv: Avcwb hw` Kgjv i Oi wgwó Avjyi RvZ Pvl K ib Zvn j Zv K K mg_ b Ki eb? mg Í DËi bx P wj L ivlyb ÔAv iv wkqy ej Z PvbÕ wr Ám K i wbwðz n q wbb (Dcj mvgvwrk ixwzbxwz) 8K. hviv K i: Avcwb h Kgjv is Gi wgwó Avjyi RvZ Pvl Ki Qb Zv K K mg_ b Ki Qb bv? 8L. hviv K i bv: Avcwb hw` Kgjv i Oi wgwó Avjyi RvZ Pvl K ib Zvn j Zv K K mg_ b Ki eb bv? mg Í DËi bx P wj L ivlyb ÔAvi K K?Õ GB cökœwu K i Av iv DËi Av Q wkbv m wel q wbwðz n q wbb 160

162 (my hvm myweav) 9K. hviv K i: Kgjv is Gi wgwó Avjyi RvZ Pvl Kivi Rb h cö qvrbxq DcKiY Ges mevi cö qvrb nq m wj cviqv Avcbvi Rb KZUv KwVb n q Q? 9L. hviv K i bv: Kgjv is Gi wgwó Avjyi RvZ Pvl Kivi Rb h cö qvrbxq DcKiY Ges mevi cö qvrb nq m wj cviqv Avcbvi Rb KZUv KwVb n e? K. Lye KwVb L. wkqyuv KwVb M. GK`g KwVb bv N. Rvwb bv/dëi w`e bv (c` ÿc MÖn Yi Rb Dcj Bw½Z/ g b Kwi q `Iqv) 10K. hviv K i: Kgjv is Gi wgwó Avjyi RvZ KLb jvmv Z nq Zv g b ivlv KZUv KwVb? Lye KwVb, wkqyuv KwVb ev GK`g KwVb bv 10L. hviv K i-bv: Avcwb wk g b K ib Kgjv is Gi wgwó Avjyi RvZ KLb jvmv Z n e Zv g b ivlv Avcbvi Rb KZUv KwVb n e? Lye KwVb, wkqyuv KwVb ev GK`g KwVb bv K. Lye KwVb L. wkqyuv KwVb M. GK`g KwVb bv N. Rvwb bv/dëi w`e bv (Dcj ms e`bkxjzv/suywk) 11.Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ: Avcbvi A_ev Avcbvi mšív bi AvMvgx eqi ivzkvbv ivm ev nvg niqvi m vebv KZUzKz? Lye m vebv, wkqzu m vebv ev Ggb Kvb m vebv bvb? K. Lye m vebv L. wkqyuv m vebv M. Kvb m vebv bvb N. Rvwb bv/dëi w`e bv 161

163 (Dcj ZxeªZv/ iæzizv) 12.Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ: hw` Avcbvi A_ev Avcbvi mšív bi ivzkvbv ivm ev nvg nq Zvn j Zv KZUzKz iæzi n e? Lye iæzi, wkqzuv iæzi ev GK`g iæzi bv? K. Lye iæzi L. wkqyuv iæzi M. GK`g iæzi bv N. Rvwb bv/dëi w`e bv (c` ÿc MÖn Yi Dcj ^-ÿgzv) 13. Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ: Avcwb hw` Kgjv i Oi wgwó Avjy RvZwU Pvl K ib Ges Lvb Zvn j Avcbvi Ges Avcbvi mšív bi ivzkvbv ev nvg ivm niqvi m vbv KZUzKz? K. Lye m vebv L. wkqyuv m vebv M. Kvb m vebv bvb N. Rvwb bv/dëi w`e bv (Dcj Hk wik B Qv) 14K. hviv K i: Avcwb wk g b K ib, Avcwb h Kgjv is wgwó Avjyi RvZ Pvl Ki Qb Zv Ck i ( `e `ezviv) mg_ b K ib? 14L. hviv K i bv: Avcwb wk g b K ib, Avcwb hw` Kgjv is wgwó Avjyi RvZ Pvl K ib Zvn j Ck i wk Zv mg_ b Ki eb? K. nü v L. bv M. Rvwb bv/ DËi w`e bv 162

164 (bxwzgvjv) 15K. hviv K i: mgv Ri g a Ggb Kvb AvBb ev wbqg Av Q wk hv Avcbvi Kgjv i Oi wgwó Avjyi RvZ Pvl Kivi m vebv K evwo q w` qwqj? 15L. hviv K i bv: mgv Ri g a Ggb Kvb AvBb ev wbqg Av Q wk hv Avcbvi Kgjv i Oi wgwó Avjyi RvZ Pvl Kivi m vebv K evwo q w` e? K. nü v L. bv M. Rvwb bv/ DËi w`e bv (ms wz) 16K. Ôhviv K iõ/ôhviv K i bvõ: Ggb Kvb mvs wzk wbqg ev wewawb la Av Q wk hvi Kvi Y Avcbvi Kgjv i Oi wgwó Avjyi RvZ Pvl Kivi m vebv Kg? K. nü v L. bv M. Rvwb bv/ DËi w`e bv (mve Rbxb DÏxcK wj) 17. Ôhviv K iõ/ôhviv K i bvõ: Kvb welq wj Avcwb Avcbvi Rxe b me P q ekx Pvb? mg Í DËi bx P wj L ivlyb ÔAv iv wkqy wk ej Z PvbÕ wr Ám K i Av iv Kvb DËi Av Q wkbv m wel q wbwðz n q wbb DËi`vZv K mgq `Iqvi Rb ab ev` Rvbvb! 163

165 KvR 9 n vûavdu 6 wkï `i gv q `i mv _ e envi Kivi Rb evav we køl Yi cökœvejxi D`vniY `j: hviv K i hviv K i bv wba vwiz Rb Mvôxi mv _ e envi Kivi Rb Mf Kvjxb mg q Pvievi ev ZviI ekx Mf Kvjxb mev MÖn Yi wel q evav we køl Yi cökœvejx RbmsL vzvwë K WvUv: mvÿvrkvi MÖnYKvixi bvg: cökœvejx b ^i: ZvwiL: / / mgvr/kwgdwbwu : mvÿvrkvi `vbkvixi eqm: eqi mvÿvrkvi `vbkvixi g~j fvlv: h fvlvq mvÿvrkvi MÖnY Kiv n q Q: wjwlz fzwgkv: AvmmvjvgIqvjvBKzg / bg vi, Avgvi bvg.; Mf ezx gv qiv mȳ _vkvi Rb wk K ib GB wel q Rvbvi Rb h `j M elyv Ki Q Avwg mb ` ji GKRb m`m gwnjviv Mf ve vq wk ai bi mev MÖnY K ib GB welqwu wb q Avgiv gwnjv `i mv _ K_v ejwq Gi Rb cövq 15 _ K 20 wgwbu mg qi cª qvrb GB M elyvq AskMÖnY Kiv m ú ~Y ^ Qvg~jK; Avcwb G Z AskMÖnY Kivi wm vší wb Z cv ib Avevi bvi wb Z cv ib Avcwb hw` AskMÖnY Ki Z bv Pvb Zvn j Kvb ai bi mev cö`vb eü Kiv n e bv ev GwU K Avcbvi weiæ I e envi Kiv n e bv Avcwb hw` AskMÖnY Kivi wm vší bb Zvn j Avcwb hv wkqz ej eb mg Í wkqz Mvcb ivlv n e Ges Kv iv mv _ Zv kqvi Kiv n e bv Avwg Avcbvi gzvgz ïb Z PvB: Avcwb wk GB M elyvq AskMÖnY Ki Z Pvb? hw` wzwb bv Pvb Zvn j Dbv K ab ev` w`b Ges Ab Av ikrb mvÿvrkvi `vzv LyRyub AvPiYwU e vl v Kiæb (hw` Ggb GjvKvq KvR K ib h GjvKvi jv Kiv GB AvPiY m ú K Rv bb bv) Mf Kvjxb mev ev Antenatal Care (ANC) ej Z mb mev K evsvq h mevwu Mf ezx gwnjviv 9 gvm Mf Kvjxb mgq ch ší ^v cöwzôv b/ K `ª h me ckv`vi jv Kiv KvR K ib Zv `i KvQ _ K c q _v Kb 164

166 wefvm - K: AvPiY evqvb (w Œwbs) Kivi cökœ wj 1. Avcbvi me P q QvU mšívbwui eqm KZ? K. hw` Zvi 6 gvm eqmx ev 6 gv mi Kg eqmx wkï _v K Zvn j mvÿvrkvi MÖnY Kiæb L. hw` Zvi me P q QvU mšívbwui eqm Qq gv mi ekx nq mvÿvrkvi kl Kiæb Ges Ab Av ikrb mvÿvrkvi `vzv LyuRyb M. Rvwb bv/ DËi w`e bv mvÿvrkvi kl Kiæb Ges Ab Av ikrb mvÿvrkvi`vzv LyuRyb 2. Avcbvi GB wkïwu (wkïwui bvg ejyb) hlb M f wqj ZLb wk Avcwb Kvb ^v K `ª ^v cixÿv Kivi Rb wm qwq jb? K. nü v c ii cökœwu Kiæb L. bv GB AskwU ev` w` q wefvm-l Z hvb M. Rvwb bv/ DËi w`e bv mvÿvrkvi kl Kiæb Ges Ab Av ikrb mvÿvrkvi `vzv LyuRyb 3. Avcwb gvu Kqevi Mf Kvjxb civgk MÖnY K i Qb? K. Pvi evi ev ZviI ekx L. wzbevi ev ZviI Kg M. Rvwb bv/ DËi w`e bv mvÿvrkvi kl Kiæb Ges Ab Av ikrb mvÿvrkvi`vzv LyuRyb Ôhviv K iõ/ Ôhviv K i bvõ köbxweb v mi QK hviv K i (bx Pi mevb) hviv K i bv (bx Pi h KD GKRb) mvÿvrkvi biqv nqwb (bx Pi h KD GKRb) cökœ 1 = K cökœ 1 =... cökœ 1 = L ev M cökœ 2 = K cökœ 2 = L cökœ 2 = M cökœ 3 = K cökœ 3 = L cökœ 3 = M 165

167 wefvm - L: M elyvi cökœ (&Dcj ^-ÿgzv/`ÿzv) ১. Avcwb wk g b K ib, Avcbvi ez gv b h Ávb, UvKv cqmv Ges `ÿzv Av Q Zv w` q wk Avcwb Mf ve vq Pvievi ev ZviI ekx cöme c~e ezx civgk wb Z cvi eb? K. হয u L. স বত M. ন N. জ নন (Dcj BwZevPK djvdj) 2K. hviv K i: Mf ve vq Pvievi ev ZviI ekx cöme c~e ezx civgk MÖnY Kivi wk wk myweav Av Q? 2L. hviv K i bv: Mf ve vq Pvievi ev ZviI ekx cöme c~e ezx civgk MÖnY Ki j wk wk myweav cviqv hv e? mg Í DËi bx P wj L ivlyb ÔAv iv wkqy ej Z PvbÕ wr Ám K i Av iv Kvb DËi Av Q wkbv m wel q wbwðz n q wbb (Dcj bwzevpk djvdj) 3K. hviv K i: Mf ve vq Pvievi ev ZviI ekx cöme c~e ezx civgk MÖnY Kivi ÿ Î wk wk Amyweav Av Q? 3L. hviv K i bv: Mf ve vq Pvievi ev ZviI ekx cöme c~e ezx civgk MÖnY Kivi ÿ Î wk wk Amyweav _vk Z cv i? mg Í DËi bx P wj L ivlyb ÔAv iv wkqy ej Z PvbÕ wr Ám K i Av iv Kvb DËi Av Q wkbv m wel q wbwðz n q wbb 166

168 (Dcj ^-ÿgzv/`ÿzv) 4K. hviv K i: Kvb Kvb welq wji Kvi Y Avcbvi c ÿ Mf ve vq Pvievi ev ZviI ekx cöme c~e ezx civgk MÖnY Kiv mnr n q Q? 4L. hviv K i bv: Kvb Kvb welq wji Kvi Y Avcbvi c ÿ Mf ve vq Pvievi ev ZviI ekx cöme c~e ezx civgk MÖnY Kiv mnr n e? mg Í DËi bx P wj L ivlyb ÔAv iv wkqy ej Z PvbÕ wr Ám K i Av iv Kvb DËi Av Q wkbv m wel q wbwðz n q wbb (Dcj ^-ÿgzv/`ÿzv) 5K. hviv K i: Kvb Kvb welq wji Kvi Y Avcbvi c ÿ Mf ve vq Pvievi ev ZviI ekx cöme c~e ezx civgk MÖnY Kiv KwVb wqj? 5L. hviv K i bv: Kvb Kvb welq wji Kvi Y Avcbvi c ÿ Mf ve vq Pvievi ev ZviI ekx cöme c~e ezx civgk MÖnY Kiv KwVb n e? mg Í DËi bx P wj L ivlyb ÔAv iv wkqy ej Z PvbÕ wr Ám K i Av iv Kvb DËi Av Q wkbv m wel q wbwðz n q wbb (Dcj mvgvwrk ixwzbxwz) 6K. hviv K i: Avcwb hv `i wp bb Zv `i g a AwaKvsk jvkb wk Avcwb h Mf ve vq Pvievi ev ZviI ekx cöme c~e ezx civgk MÖnY K i Qb mwu mg_ b K i Qb? 6 L. hviv K i bv: Avcwb hv `i wp bb Zv `i g a AwaKvsk jvkb wk Avcbvi Mf ve vq Pvievi ev ZviI ekx cöme c~e ezx civgk MÖnY Kiv K mg_ b Ki eb? K. n uv L. m ez M. bv N. Rvwb bv/dëi w`e bv 167

169 (Dcj mvgvwrk ixwzbxwz) 7K. hviv K i: Avcwb h Mf ve vq Pvievi ev ZviI ekx cöme c~e ezx civgk MÖnY K i Qb Zv K K mg_ b K i Qb? 7L. hviv K i bv: Avcwb hw` Mf ve vq Pvievi ev ZviI ekx cöme c~e ezx civgk MÖnY K ib Zvn j Zv K K mg_ b Ki eb? mg Í DËi bx P wj L ivlyb ÔAvi K K?Õ cökœwu wr Ám K i Av iv Kvb DËi Av Q wkbv m wel q wbwðz n q wbb (Dcj mvgvwrk ixwzbxwz) 8K. hviv K i: Avcwb h Mf ve vq Pvievi ev ZviI ekx cöme c~e ezx civgk MÖnY K i Qb Zv K K mg_ b Ki Qb bv? 8L. hviv K i bv: Avcwb hw` Mf ve vq Pvievi ev ZviI ekx cöme c~e ezx civgk MÖnY K ib Zvn j Zv K K mg_ b Ki eb bv? mg Í DËi bx P wj L ivlyb ÔAvi K K?Õ cökœwu wr Ám K i Av iv Kvb DËi Av Q wkbv m wel q wbwðz n q wbb (my hvm myweav) 9K. hviv K i: Mf ve vq cöme c~e ezx mev wb Z hviqvuv Avcbvi Rb KZUv KwVb n q Q/KwVb wqj? 9L. hviv K i bv: Mf ve vq cöme c~e ezx mev wb Z hviqvuv Avcbvi Rb KZUv KwVb n e? K. Lye KwVb L. wkqyuv KwVb M. GK`g KwVb bv N. Rvwb bv/dëi w`e bv 168

170 (c` ÿc MÖn Yi Rb Dcj Bw½Z/g b Kwi q `Iqv) 10K. hviv K i: Mf ve vq Pvievi ev ZviI ekx cöme c~e ezx civgk MÖnY Kivi welqwu g b ivlv Avcbvi Rb KZUv KwVb n q Q ev KwVb wqj? 10L. hviv K i-bv: Avcwb wk g b K ib, Mf ve vq Pvievi ev ZviI ekx cöme c~e ezx civgk MÖnY Kivi welqwu g b ivlv Avcbvi Rb KZUv KwVb n e? K. Lye KwVb L. wkqyuv KwVb M. GK`g KwVb bv N. Rvwb bv/dëi w`e bv (Dcj Hk wik B Qv) 11K. hviv K i: Avcwb wk g b K ib, Mf ve vq Avcwb h Pvievi ev ZviI ekx cöme c~e ezx civgk MÖnY K i Qb Zv wk Ck i ( `e `ezviv) mg_ b K ib? 11 L. hviv K i bv: Avcwb wk g b K ib, Avcwb hw` Mf ve vq Pvievi ev ZviI ekx cöme c~e ezx civgk MÖnY K ib Zvn j Ck i ( `e `ezviv) wk Zv mg_ b Ki eb? (bxwzgvjv) K. nü v L. bv M. Rvwb bv/ DËi w`e bv 12K. hviv K i: Avcbvi Rvbv g Z mgv Ri g a Ggb Kvb AvBb ev wbqg wqj wk hvi Kvi Y MZ Mf ve vq Avcbvi Pvievi ev ZviI ekx cöme c~e ezx civgk MÖnY Kivi m vebv ekx wqj? 12L. hviv K i bv: Avcbvi Rvbv g Z mgv Ri g a Ggb Kvb AvBb ev wbqg Av Q wk hvi Kvi Y ciezx Mf ve vq Avcbvi Pvievi ev ZviI ekx cöme c~e ezx civgk MÖnY Kivi m vebv ekx _vk e? K. nü v L. bv M. Rvwb bv/ DËi w`e bv 169

171 (ms wz) 13K. Ôhviv K iõ/ôhviv K i bvõ: Avcbvi Rvbv g Z Ggb Kvb mvs wzk wbqg ev wewa wb la Av Q wk h wj Mf ve vq Pvievi ev ZviI ekx cöme c~e ezx civgk MÖnY Kivi c ÿ ev wec ÿ? K. nü v L. bv M. Rvwb bv/ DËi w`e bv (Dcj ms e`bkxjzv/suywk) 14.Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ: Mf ve vq ev cöm ei mgq Avcbvi Kvb mgm v niqvi m vebv KZUzKz? K. Lye m vebv L. wkqyuv m vebv M. Kvb m vebv bvb N. Rvwb bv/dëi w`e bv (Dcj ZxeªZv/ iæzizv) 15.Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ: Mf ve vq ev cöm ei mgq hw` Avcbvi Kvb mgm v nq Zvn j mwu KZUzKz iæzi mgm v n e? K. Lye iæzi mgm v L. wkqyuv iæzi mgm v M. GK`g iæzi mgm v bq N. Rvwb bv/dëi w`e bv 170

172 (c` ÿc MÖn Yi Dcj ^-ÿgzv) 16. Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ: Avcbvi g Z, h gwnjviv Mf ve vq cöme c~e ezx civgk MÖnY K ib Zv `i wk Mf ve vq ev cöm ei mgq mgm v niqvi m vebv Kg _v K? K. nü v L. m ez M. bv N. Rvwb bv/dëi w`e bv (&Hw QK: mve Rbxb DÏxcK wj) 17. Ôhviv K iõ/ôhviv K i bvõ: Kvb welq wj Avcwb Avcbvi Rxe b me P q ekx Pvb? mg Í DËi bx P wj L ivlyb ÔAv iv wkqy ej Z PvbÕ wr Ám K i Av iv Kvb DËi Av Q wkbv m wel q wbwðz n q wbb DËi`vZv K mgq `Iqvi Rb ab ev` Rvbvb! 171

173 KvR 9 n vûavdu 7 Kg kvjv PjvKvjxb mg q e envi Kivi Rb Ôhviv K i/hviv K i bvõ Gi gnov cökœvejx `j: hviv K i hviv K i bv eq `i Rb `vu Zi hzœ biqvi wel q Ôhviv K iõ/ôhviv K i bvõ cökœvejx RbmsL vzvwë K WvUv: mvÿvrkvi MÖnYKvixi bvg: cökœvejx b ^i: ZvwiL: / / wjwlz fzwgkv: AvmmvjvgIqvjvBKzg / bg vi, Avgvi bvg ;`v uzi hzœ biqvi wel q Rvbvi Rb h `j M elyv Ki Q Avwg mb ` ji GKRb m`m jv Kiv wkfv e Zv `i `vu Zi hzœ bb Zv Rvbvi Rb Avgiv gwnjv I cyiæl `i mv _ K_v ejwq Avgv `i cökœ wji Rb 5 _ K 10 wgwbu mgq jvm e GB M elyvq AskMÖnY Kiv m ú ~Y ^ Qvg~jK; Avcwb G Z AskMÖnY Kivi wm vší wb Z cv ib Avevi bvi wb Z cv ib Avcwb hw` AskMÖnY Ki Z bv Pvb Zvn j Kvb ai bi mev cö`vb eü Kiv n e bv ev GwU K Avcbvi weiæ e envi Kiv n e bv Avcwb hw` AskMÖnY Kivi wm vší bb Zvn j Avcwb hv wkqz ej eb mg Í wkqz Mvcb ivlv n e Ges Kv iv mv _ Zv kqvi Kiv n e bv Avwg Avcbvi gzvgz ïb Z PvB: Avcwb wk GB M elyvq AskMÖnY Ki Z Pvb? hw` bv Pvb Zvn j Dbv K ab ev` w`b Ges Ab Av ikrb mvÿvrkvi `vzv LyRyub wefvm - K: AvPiY evqvb (w Œwbs) Kivi cökœ wj 1. Avcbvi wk `vuz gvrvi eªvk Av Q? K. nü v L. bv mvÿvrkvi kl Kiæb Ges Ab Av ikrb mvÿvrkvi`vzv LyuRyb M. Rvwb bv/ DËi w`e bv mvÿvrkvi kl Kiæb Ges Ab Av ikrb mvÿvrkvi`vzv LyuRyb 172

174 2. MZKvj w` b Ges iv Z gvu KZevi Avcwb eªvk w` q `vuz g R Qb? K. 2 evi ev ZviI ekx L. GKevi ev GKeviI bv mvÿvrkvi `vzv K Ôhviv K i bvõ wnmv e wpwýz Kiæb Ges ckœ L.1 G P j hvb M. Rvwb bv/ DËi w`e bv mvÿvrkvi kl Kiæb Ges Ab Av ikrb mvÿvrkvi `vzv LyuRyb 3. MZKvj hlb Avcwb `vuz g R Qb ZLb wk cöwzevib Avcwb `vuz gvrvi có e envi K i Qb? K. nü v L. bv mvÿvrkvi`vzv K Ôhviv K i bvõ wnmv e wpwýz Kiæb Ges ckœ L.1 G P j hvb M. Rvwb bv/ DËi w`e bv mvÿvrkvi kl Kiæb Ges Ab Av ikrb mvÿvrkvi`vzv LyuRyb Ôhviv K i/ Ôhviv K i bvõ Gi g a cv_ K Kivi QK hviv K i (bx Pi mevb) hviv K i bv (bx Pi h KD GKRb) mvÿvrkvi biqv nqwb (bx Pi h KD GKRb) cökœ 1 = K cökœ 1 = K cökœ 1 = L cökœ 2 = K cökœ 2 = L cökœ 2 = M cökœ 3 = K cökœ 3 = L cökœ 3 = M wefvm - L: M elyvi cökœ (&Dcj ^-ÿgzv/`ÿzv) ১. Ôhviv K iõ/ Ôhviv K i bv: Avcbvi ez gv b h Ávb, UvKvcqmv Ges `ÿzv Av Q Zv w` q wk Avcwb w` b Kgc ÿ `ybevi `vuz gvrvi eªvk I c w` q `vuz gvr Z cv ib ev cvi eb? K. হয u L. স বত M. ন N. জ নন 173

175 (Dcj BwZevPK djvdj) 2K. hviv K i: cöwzw`b `ybevi eªvk I có w` q `vuz gvrvi myweav wj wk wk? 2L. hviv K i bv: cöwzw`b `ybevi eªvk I có w` q `vuz gvr j wk wk myweav cviqv hv e? mg Í DËi bx P wj L ivlyb ÔAv iv wkqy ej Z PvbÕ wr Ám K i Av iv Kvb DËi Av Q wkbv m wel q wbwðz n q wbb (Dcj bwzevpk djvdj) 3K. hviv K i: cöwzw`b `ybevi eªvk I có w` q `vuz gvrvi Amyweav wj wk wk? 3L. hviv K i bv: cöwzw`b `ybevi eªvk I có w` q `vuz gvr j wk wk Amyweav n Z cv i? mg Í DËi bx P wj L ivlyb ÔAv iv wkqy ej Z PvbÕ wr Ám Av iv Kvb DËi Av Q wkbv m wel q wbwðz n q wbb (Dcj ^-ÿgzv/`ÿzv) 4K. hviv K i: Kvb Kvb welq wji Kvi Y Avcbvi c ÿ cöwzw`b `ybevi eªvk I có w` q `vuz gvrv mnr n q Q? 4L. hviv K i bv: Kvb Kvb welq wji Kvi Y Avcbvi c ÿ cöwzw`b `ybevi eªvk I có w` q `vuz gvrv mnr n Z cv i? mg Í DËi bx P wj L ivlyb ÔAv iv wkqy ej Z PvbÕ wr Ám K i Av iv Kvb DËi Av Q wkbv m wel q wbwðz n q wbb 174

176 (Dcj ^-ÿgzv/`ÿzv) 5K. hviv K i: Kvb Kvb welq wji Kvi Y Avcbvi c ÿ cöwzw`b `ybevi eªvk I có w` q `vuz gvrv KwVb wqj? 5L. hviv K i bv: Kvb Kvb welq wji Kvi Y Avcbvi c ÿ cöwzw`b `ybevi eªvk I có w` q `vuz gvrv KwVb n e? mg Í DËi bx P wj L ivlyb ÔAv iv wkqy ej Z PvbÕ wr Ám K i Av iv Kvb DËi Av Q wkbv m wel q wbwðz n q wbb (Dcj mvgvwrk ixwzbxwz) 6K. hviv K i: Avcwb hv `i wp bb Zv `i g a AwaKvsk jvkb wk Avcwb h cöwzw`b `ybevi eªvk I có w` q `vuz g R Qb mwu mg_ b K i Qb? 6 L. hviv K i bv: Avcwb hv `i wp bb Zv `i g a AwaKvsk jvkb wk Avcwb hw` cöwzw`b `ybevi eªvk I có w` q `vuz gv Rb mwu mg_ b Ki eb? K. n uv L. bv M. Rvwb bv/dëi w`e bv (Dcj mvgvwrk ixwzbxwz) 7K. hviv K i: Avcwb h cöwzw`b `ybevi eªvk I có w` q `vuz gv Rb Zv K K mg_ b K i Qb? 7L. hviv K i bv: Avcwb hw` cöwzw`b `ybevi eªvk I có w` q `vuz gv Rb Zvn j Zv K K mg_ b Ki eb? mg Í DËi bx P wj L ivlyb ÔAv iv wkqy ej Z PvbÕ wr Ám K i Av iv Kvb DËi Av Q wkbv m wel q wbwðz n q wbb 175

177 (Dcj mvgvwrk ixwzbxwz) 8K. hviv K i: Avcwb h cöwzw`b `ybevi eªvk I có w` q `vuz gv Rb Zv K K mg_ b Ki Qb bv? 8L. hviv K i bv: Avcwb hw` cöwzw`b `ybevi eªvk I có w` q `vuz gv Rb Zvn j Zv K K mg_ b Ki eb bv? mg Í DËi bx P wj L ivlyb ÔAv iv wkqy ej Z PvbÕ wr Ám K i Av iv Kvb DËi Av Q wkbv m wel q wbwðz n q wbb (&Hw QK: mve Rbxbfv e h welq wj Drmvn `vb K i) 9. Ôhviv K iõ/ôhviv K i bvõ: Kvb welq wj Avcwb Avcbvi Rxe b me P q ekx Pvb? mg Í DËi bx P wj L ivlyb ÔAv iv wkqy ej Z PvbÕ wr Ám K i Av ivi Kvb DËi Av Q wkbv m wem q wbwðz n q wbb DËi`vZv K mgq `Iqvi Rb ab ev` Rvbvb! 176

178 KvR 9 n vûavdu 8 Ôhviv K iõ/ôhviv K i bvõ cökœvejx MV bi IqvK kxu Kvw LZ আচরণ: AMÖvwaKvi `j: cwiewz Z AvPiY (hw` cö hvr nq): AvPi Yi cökœ (cökœ wj): ১. ২. ৩. নধ র র Ôhviv K iõ/ôhviv K i bvõ Gi cökœ wj Dcj ^-ÿgzv/`ÿzv Dcj mvgvwrk ixwzbxwz Dcj BwZevPK djvdj Dcj bwzevpk djvdj 177

179 KvR 10: cö ÍywZ Ges nv Z Kj g Kiv: di gwuf M elyv cwipvjbv Kiv AR bwfwëk D Ïk vejx GB Kv Ri k l অ শ হYKvixiv: Ôhviv K iõ/ Ôhviv K i bvõ vwwi cökœ wj PzovšÍ Ki eb স rkvi MÖn Yi KŠk ji Ô ivj cøõ Gi MVbg~jK mgv jvpbv Ki eb mvÿvrkvi MÖn Yi mgq wk wk Kiv DwPZ Ges wk wk Kiv DwPZ bq m wji ZvwjKv Zix Ki eb Rwi ci cökœ wj wkfv e Dc vcb Ki eb Zv Abykxjb Ki eb gvv ch v qi Kv Ri e e vcbvi welq wj (jwrw Km&) Ges Ab vb welq wj we ÍvwiZfv e Av jvpbv Ki eb gvv ch v qi KvR cwipvjbv Ki eb mgq: 1 N Uv 45 wgwbu Kv Ri g a Av Q c ii w`b 5-6 N Uvi gvv ch v qi KvR (Kg GjvKvq hviqv I mlvb _ K wd i Avmvi Rb KZ mgq jvm e muvi Dci wbf i K i) DcKiYmg~n hw` AÂj-wfwËK cöwkÿy n q _v K: KvR 9 n vûavdu 7: cöwkÿy PjvKvjxb mg q e envi Kivi Rb Ôhviv K iõ/ôhviv K i bvõ Gi gnov cökœvejx KvR 10 wd cpvu 1: gvv ch v qi Kv Ri Rb ` ji m`m iv KvR 10 wd c PvU 2: mvÿvrkvi MÖn Y mgq ÔwK wk Kiv DwPZÕ KvR 10 wd c PvU 3: mvÿvrkvi MÖn Yi mgq ÔwK wk Kiv DwPZ bvõ avc 3L Gi Ô ivj cøõ Gi Rb mvÿvrkvi MÖn Yi KŠkj wji ZvwjKv cökœc Îi h _ó cwigv Y Kwc Zix Kivi Rb Kw úduvi, wcö Uvi, ccvi Ges cøvi hw` GwU AÂjwfwËK cöwkÿy n q _v K Ges wfwru Kivi gz Kvb cökí hw` bv _v K, Zvn j mvaviy GKwU AvPiY, Uz_ có e envi K i w` b `ybevi eªvk w` q `vuz gvrv, GB ai bi AvPiY e envi K i cöwkÿy v bb Kg x `i gv S GB nv ZKj g Rwic klvi KvRwU Kiv h Z cv i 178

180 mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i Rb bvu: Av jvpbvi gvsvgvws Kvb mg q AskMªnYKvix `i Rb 15 wgwb Ui GKwU weiwz w`b gvv ch v qi Kv Ri Rb `ybr bi KZK wj `j MVb Kivi Rb mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i DwPZ n e mb ` ki Kg x `i civgk biqv KvR 10 wd cpvu 1: gvv ch v qi Kv Ri Rb ` ji m`m iv - G Z ` ji m`m `i bvg wjlyb avc ৩L Gi Rb c~e cö wz: Avcwb hw` Av Mi w`b ev AvR K `ycy ii Lvev ii Av M cökœcî Zix Kivi KvR kl K i d jb Zvn j `yb ev wzbrb K GKwU ivj cø Kivi Rb Aby iva Kiæb cökœcî ˆZixi KvR kl niqvi mv _ mv _B Zv `i K cökœc Îi Kwc w`b Zv `i K e vl v K i ejyb h Avcwb Pvb Zviv hb mvÿvrkvi MÖn bi wkqz Kjv KŠkj ivj cø K i `Lvb, Zv `i K ejyb Zviv hb cöwzwu Lvjv-cÖ kœi Rb Aek B ÔAv iv Kvb wkqz ejvi Av Q wkbvõ GB cökœwu K qkevi K ib, KviY Ab vb A bk mvÿvrkvi Ges Ôhviv K iõ/ôhviv K i bvõ ev evav we køly vwwi g a GB KŠkjwUB nj g~j cv_ K hviv ivj cø Ki eb Zv `i K mvÿvrkvi MÖn Yi mwvk Kjv KŠk ji ZvwjKvwU w`b hv avc 3M G Av Q Zv `i K ejyb Zviv hb cövq mewkqz&b wvkgz K ib wkš wzbwu ev PviwU KŠkj Ggbfv e Ki Z ejyb hv Z g b G wj Z DbœwZ Kivi cª qvrb Av Q Ges h wj AskMÖnYKvixiv mn R ai Z cvi eb bv, hgb, bz Z `Iqv, wb Ri gz K i cökœwu ejv ev mivmwi bv ZvKv bv (AvB K Uv± bv Kiv) BZ vw` hw` AvR Ki `ycy ii Lvev ii g a cökœcî ˆZix kl bv nq Zvn j AskMªnYKvixiv hv Z mvÿvrkvi MÖn Yi fvj I g ` KŠkj wj Av jvpbv Ki Z cv ib muvi Rb GKwU wekí c_ Ly ur ei Kiæb avcmg~n: ১. m~pbv cöwkÿywu hw` wbwï ó Kvb ` ki Rb nq: AskMÖnYKvix `i e vl v K i ejyb: Avgiv Avgv `i Ôhviv K iõ/ôhviv K i bvõ vwwi cökœcî Zix K iwq, GLb Avgv `i K GwU cy iv ` ji mv _ ch v jvpbv K i `L Z n e Zvici GwU K Avgv `i vbxq fvlvq Abyev` Ki Z n e hv Z K i Avgiv mevb GKB cökœ Kivi Rb GKB fvlv I kã e envi Kwi cöwkÿywu hw` AÂj-wfwËK nq: KvR 9 n vûavdu 7: cöwkÿy PjvKvjxb mg q e envi Kivi Rb Ôhviv K iõ/ôhviv K i bvõ Gi gnov cökœvejx Gi Kwc wj weziy Kiæb bx Pi avc wj AbymiY Kiæb wkš Abyev `i AskwU ev` w`b KviY cöwkÿ Y h AvšÍ RvwZK fvlvwu e envi Kiv n e m ez mb AvšÍ RvwZK fvlv ZB cökœcîwu `Iqv n e ২. cökœcîwu ch v jvpbv Kiv ২K. Ôhviv K iõ/ôhviv K i bvõ vww cwipvjbv Kivi Rb KvR 10 wdí PvU 1: gvv ch v qi Kv Ri Rb ` ji m`m iv GB Abymv i AskMÖnYKvix `i K Rvovq Rvovq fvm Kiæb cöwzwu ` ji Rb AvšÍ RvwZK fvlvq Lmov cökœcîwu w`b 179

181 2L. mkj AskMÖnYKvix `i mv _ cökœ wj Rv i Rv i co b Ges AskMÖnYKvix `i wr Ám Kiæb, cökœwu cwi vifv e evsv hv Q wkbv? Ggb Kvb kã Av Q wkbv hv weåvwšíki? GB GKB cökœwu K Av iv mnr I cwi vi Kivi Ab Kvb Dcvq Av Q wk? h kã ev evk ï b g b n e Avi GKUz DbœZ Kiv DwPZ mb wj K AskMÖYnKvix `i K ej Z ejyb, Zvici ` j mevi mv _ mb wel q GKwU HK g Z cšqvb Ges cö Z KRb K Zv `i Kwci g a cwiez bwu K i wb Z ejyb ২M. AskMÖnYKvix `i Rvi w` q ejyb: Avcwb hlb Avcbvi cövmövg GjvKvq mwz Kv ii evav we køly ev Ôhviv K iõ/ôhviv K i bvõ vww Ki eb ZLb Avcbvi Aek B DwPZ n e AMÖvwaKvi ` ji gz Kvb GK ` ji mv _ cökœcîwui c~e -cixÿv K i biqv Gi d j GUv wbwðz Kiv hv e h Avcbvi AMÖvwaKvi `j cökœ wj mn RB eys Z cvi e mgq iÿv _ Avgiv GUv Avgv `i GB Kg kvjvq Kie bv; wkš GUv GKUv iæz c~y avc 2 N. GK GKUv K i cökœ wb q AskMÖnYKvix `i wrávmv Kiæb Zviv wkfv e GB cökœwu Zv `i vbxq fvlvq Ki eb Ges Abyev `i wel q HK gz ndb hw` m e nq Ggb KvD K mv _ wbb whwb H vbxq fvlvq cvi`k x Ges mb fvlvq wbf ~jfv e wjl Z cv ib Ges g~j cökœc Îi g a UvBc Ki Z cvi eb AvšÍ RvwZK Ges vbxq fvlvq cökœcîwu Zix n q hviqvi mv _ mv _ gvv ch v qi Kv Ri Rb h _ó Kwc Zix Kiæb 3. mvÿvrkvi MÖn Yi KŠkjmg~n 3K. AskMÖnYKvix `i ejyb: ïa~ cökœcîwu wbf ~j n jb Pj e bv; mvÿvrkvi MÖn Yi KŠkjwUI mwvk n Z n e 3L. hviv ivj cø Ki eb Zv `i K mvÿvrkv ii KŠkj wj Awfbq K i `Lv bvi Rb Avgš Y Rvbvb (mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i bvuwu `Lyb) AskMÖnYKvix `i ejyb, GB ivj cø Zv `i K mvÿvrkv ii BwZevPK KŠkj wj wpwýz Ki Z mvnvh Ki e Lvjv-cÖkœ wji Rb G Ki AwaK DËi cviqvi Rb ÔAv ivi Kvb DËi Av Q wkbvõ Zv Rvb Z PvIqvUv h iæz c~y mb welqwui Dci Rvi w`b ivj cø kl n j ci hviv Zv Ki jb Zv `i K ab ev` w`b Zvici K qkrb AskMÖnYKvix `i wpšív Ki Z ejyb mvÿvrkvi MÖn Yi wk wk Kvh Ki Ges AKvh Ki KŠkj Zviv `L jb GKRb mvÿvrkvi MÖnYKvix wk wk mvaviy f~j Ki Z cv ib m wji AskÖMªnYKvix `i ej Z ejyb wekí: ivj cø Gi Rb hw` cökœcîwu Zix bv n q _v K, Zvn j cökœ Kiæb Kv iv wk Rwic cwipvjbv Kivi Kvb AwfÁZv Av Q wkbv hw` _v K, Zvn j Zv `i K mvÿvrkvi MÖn Yi mgq ÔwK wk Kiv DwPZÕ Ges ÔwK wk Kiv DwPZ bvõ mb wel q wkqz ej Z ejyb 3M. KvR 10 wd cpvu 2: mvÿvrkvi MÖn Yi mgq ÔwK wk Kiv DwPZÕ- _ K mvÿvrkvi MÖn Yi Kvh Ki KŠkj wj ev mvÿvrkvi MÖn Yi mgq ÔwK wk Kiv DwPZÕ G wj Lqvj Kiæb g b ivlyb GB welqwui Dci Rvi w` Z h, GB ai bi mvÿvrkvi wj Z cöwzwu Lvjv-cÖkœ wji Rb GKUvi ekx DËi c Z mvÿvrkvi MÖnYKvix K A bkevi ÔAv ivi wkqz ej Z Pvb wkõ GB cökœwu Ki Z n e e vl v K i ejyb h cöwzwu cö kœi Rb gvî GKUv DËi Avgv `i K g~j wba vik wj K wpwýz Ki Z mvnvh Ki e bv KvR 10 wd cpvu 3: mvÿvrkvi MÖn Yi mgq ÔwK wk Kiv DwPZ bvõ- GLvb _ K mvÿvrkvi MÖn Yi AKvh Ki KŠkj wj ev mvÿvrkvi MÖn Yi mgq wk wk Kiv DwPZ bq m wj `Lyb 180

182 3N. hw` AskMÖnYKvixiv bx Pi civgk wj D jøl bv K i _v Kb Zvn j GB civgk wj w`b ï f Qv Rvbv bvi cöpwjz ixwz AbymiY K i DËi`vZvi Kv Q wb Ri cwipq w`b ïiæ ZB wba viy Kiæb e w³wu wk AMÖvwaKvi ` ji m`m wkbv hw` bv nq, Zvn j Zv K ab ev` w`b Ges c ii e w³i Kv Q hvb DËi`vZv K wr Ám Kiæb wzwb wk Rwi c AskMÖnY Ki Z AvMÖnx wkbv Rwic cwipvjbv Kivi Rb GKwU wbwiwewj vb Ly ur wbb hlv b KD wei³ Ki e bv ev KD ïb Z cv e bv DËi`vZv wk GKRb Ôhviv K iõ bvwk GKRb Ôhviv K i bvõ Zv wba viy Kivi Rb Lvjv cökœ wj Kiæb D`vniY ^iæc, ÔAvcbvi f~ævi km wj hb fvjfv e e o I V mbrb wk Avcwb wkqz e envi K ib?õ hw` DËi Ôn uvõ nq, Zvn j cökœ Kiæb: ÔwK e envi K ib?õ hw` DËi nq ÔmviÕ, Zvn j cökœ Kiæb: ÔwK ai bi mvi?õ hw` GB ai bi cökœ Kiv nq h, ÔAvcwb wk Avcbvi f~æv Pv l ˆRe mvi e envi K ibõ Zvn j Zv n e eü-cökœ Ges GwU Rwi ci Rb mvnvh c~y n e bv D`vniY ^iæc: wr Ám Kiæb: ÔAvcwb Kv_vq Avcbvi gyimx wj K iv Lb?Õ hw` DËi nq ÔevB iõ, Zvn j cökœ Kiæb, ÔwVK Kv_vq?Õ wkš hw` cökœ K ib ÔAvcwb wk Avcbvi gyimx wj K eü K i iv Lb?Õ Zvn j Zv n e eü-cökœ Rv i Ges úófv e K_v ejyb mwvk fv e Pv Li w` K ZvwK q K_v ejyb DrmvwnZ Kiæb Ges DËi wji Rb DËi`vZv K ab ev` w`b AskMÖnYKvixi cöwzwu DË ii cöwz kö v `Lvb cvup eq ii Kg eqmx wkï `i wel q cökœ Kivi mgq wkïwui bvg e envi Kiæb cökœ wji cöwz wek Í _vkzb DËi`vZv hw` DËi bv `b Zvn j cökœwu ax i ax i Avevi ejyb cökœwu e vl v Ki eb bv ev Ab kã ev evk e envi Ki eb bv g b ivlyb, hw` Kvb cö kœi G Ki AwaK DËi _vkvi m vebv _v K, Zvn j ÔAv iv wkqz ej eb wk?õ GB cökœwu K qkevi Kiæb ev hzÿy ch ší bv DËi`vZvi Kv Q Avi Kvb DËi bv _v K ZZÿb ch ší Kiæb 181

183 3O. AskMÖnYKvix `i Kv Q e vl v K i ejyb: wb R `i g a Ô ivj cøõ K i mvÿvrkvi MÖn Yi Abykxjbxi gva g GLb Avgiv GB KŠkj wj K PP v Kie Avcbv `i wb R `i Rvovq, GKRb mvÿvrkvi MÖnYKvix Ges GKRb mvÿvrkvi`vbkvixi n q GKwU K _vc Kv_b ivj cø Kiæb `qv K i wbwðz Kiæb h, Avcbviv `yrbb hb mvÿvrkvi MÖnYKvixi fzwgkvq Ô ivj cøõ Kivi my hvm cvb 3P. Ô ivj cøõ wj PjvKvjxb mg q mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i DwPZ n e mevi Kv Q hviqv Ges wbwðz Kiv h Kvh Ki KŠkj wj hb Rvi`vifv e Kiv nq Ges AKvh Ki KŠkj wj DbœwZ Kivi óv hb Kiv nq h me cökœ wji G Ki AwaK DËi Av Q m wji Rb Av iv Kvb DËi Av Q wkbv Zv Rvbvi Póv hb K qkevi Kiv nq m welqwui Dci iæz w`b 4. gvv ch v qi Kv Ri Rb wb Ï kbv Ges cökœ wj 4K. KvR 10 wd cpvu 1: gvv ch v qi Kv Ri Rb ` ji m`m iv- GwU Avevi `Lvb 4L. mkj AskMÖnYKvix `i mv _ wb q Rwic GjvKvwU ch v jvpbv Kiæb Ges e vl v K i ejyb Kb GB GjvKvwU wbe vpb Kiv n q Q e vl v K i ejyb, AskMÖnYKvixiv hlb H GjvKvq cšqv eb ZLb Zviv wk Avkv Ki Z cv ib, mvÿvrkvi MÖnY wk evwo evwo wm q Kiv n e A_ev AskMÖnYKvixiv wk GKwU RvqMvq mevb R ov n eb G wj m ú KI ejyb e vl v K i ejyb AskMÖnYKvixiv H GjvKvq wkfv e hv eb Ges KLb hv eb ` ji cöwzwu m`m `i wk `vwqz I KZ e, Zv `i cö Z Ki wk wk DcKiY _vk e, A_ev e e vcbv welqk Av iv Ab Kvb Z_ hw` Zv `i Rvbvi cö qvrb _v K Zvn j m wj Av jvpbv Kiæb hw` Kv iv Kvb cökœ _v K Zvn j m wji DËi w`b 4M. bx Pi welq wj AskMÖnYKvix `i g b Kwi q w`b: h nzz GUv Ôhviv K iô/ôhviv K i bvõ vwwi GKUv Abykxjbx gvî mb Kvi b Avgiv Avgv `i bgybv mvb Ri mwvk msl vi Dci ekx iæz w`e bv wkš Avgiv c wzwu fvjfv e Rvb Z I Abykxjb Ki Z Póv Kie gvv ch v qi Kv Ri Rb, cöwzwu ` ji Kgc ÿ cvupwu Ôhviv K iõ Ges cvupwu Ôhviv K i bvõ Gi mvÿvrkvi wb Z n e hw` vb Z vm Kivi wba vwiz mg qi Av MB Avcbv `i KvR kl n q hvq Ges hw` bvu wj cixÿv Kiv I wq q biqv BZ vw`i kl n q hvq Zvn j Av ivi K qkwu mvÿvrkvi MÖnY Kiæb `qv K i Avcbv `i g a f~wgkv cwiez b Kiæb hv Z cö Z K e w³b mvÿvrkvi MÖnY I bvu MÖnY GB `ybwub Abykxjb Ki Z cv ib mewkqz mwvk I úófv e Av Q wkbv Zv wbwðz Kivi Rb cö Z Kevi mvÿvrkvi biqvi ci Dfq ` ji m`m `i DwPZ n e cökœcîwu fv jv K i cixÿv K i `Lv hlb Avcbvi mvÿvrkvi MÖnY Kiv Ges bvu wj ch v jvpbv Kiv I wq q biqv kl n q hv e ZLb mwvk mg q wba vwiz v b wd i Avmyb hlvb _ K Avcbv `i mevb K Mvox Z DwV q biqv n e 182

184 Z Zxq w` bi g~j vqb (wd cpvu A_ev n vûavdu) AvR K Avcwb mvivw ` b h KvR wj Z AskMÖnY K i Qb m wji cö Z KwUi cöwz Avcbvi mvgwmök mš wó Kgb wqj Zv wb Ï k Kiæb Ges GB KvR wj DbœZ Kivi wel q Avcbvi Kvb aviyv _vk j Zv w`b ch v jvpbv Kivi Abykxjbx: gvov bv ej Lvjv Lye অস wkqzuv অস wbi cÿ wkqzuv স Lye mš ó GB KvR DbœZ Kivi Rb civgk : KvR 8: Ôkixi PP võ Abykxjbx Lye অস wkqzuv অস wbi cÿ wkqzuv স Lye mš ó GB KvR DbœZ Kivi Rb civgk : KvR 9: g~j wba vik wj K Ly Ru ei Kivi Rb d g wuf M elyv cwipvjbv Kiv: evav we køly Ges Ôhviv K iõ Ôhviv K i bvõ vww Lye অস wkqzuv অস wbi cÿ wkqzuv স Lye mš ó GB KvR DbœZ Kivi Rb civgk : 183

185 KvR 10: cö ÍywZ Ges nv ZKj g Kiv: di gwuf M elyv cwipvjbv Kiv Lye অস wkqzuv অস wbi cÿ wkqzuv স Lye mš ó GB KvR DbœZ Kivi Rb civgk : AvR Ki me P q mvnvh c~y welqwu wk: h welqwu wb q Avwg GLbI wøavwš^z: 184

186 Kg kvjvi PZz_ w`b 185

187 gvv ch v qi Kvh µg Avcwb hw` wbwïó Kvb ` ki wfwë Z GB cöwkÿywu cwipvjbv K i _v Kb Zvn j w` bi 1g fv M AskMÖnYKvixiv mviv mkvj gvv ch v q KvR Ki eb Avcwb hw` Kvb AÂj wfwëk cªwkÿy cwipvjbv K i _v Kb Zvn j AskMÖnYKvixiv mkv ji wkqz mgq gnov Rwic cwipvjbv Ki eb GUv wbwðz Kiæb h, mkj AskMÖnYKvix `i nv Z hb h _ó cwigv Y cökœcî _v K hv Z cö Z K e w³ Kgc ÿ cvupwu Rwic cwipvjbv Ki Z cv ib Ges bvu ivlvi Rb hb cö Z Ki nv Z KvMR, Kjg ev cwýj _v K 186

188 KvR 11: WvUv mskjb I we køly AR bwfwëk D Ïk vejx: GB Kv Ri ci AskMÖnYKvixiv: Zv `i gvv ch v qi Kv Ri djvdj wj ch v jvpbv Ki eb I mvrv eb gvv ch v qi Kv Ri mg q h DËi wj c q Qb m wji wfwë Z GKwU KvwWs MvBW Zix Ki eb mvgvwi Uvwj wk U Zv `i DËi wj msmön Ki eb mvgvwi Kiv WvUv wj evav we køly Uey jkb IqvK wk U (gvb µvmdu G j G) Zzj eb evav we køly Uey jkb IqvK wku e envi K i Ôhviv K iõ Ôhviv K i bvõ Gi g a me P q eo cv_ K wj we køly Ki eb mgq: 1 N Uv 30 wgwbu DcKiYmg~n KvR 11 n vûavdu 1 Ges wd cpvu 1: Ôhviv K iõ Ôhviv K i bvõ vwwi djvd ji Uvwj wku wji D`vniY (Av M _ KB wd cpv U Zix K i ivl Z n e, cöwzwu cö kœi Rb GKwU K i Ges AskMÖnYKvix `i Rb n vûavdu Gi Kwc) mkvj ejvi gvv ch v qi Kv R m úbœ Kiv cökœcî wj nv Z e envi Kivi GKwU K vjkz jui Hw QK: KvR 11 n vûavdu 2: evav we køl Yi bgybv mu wj Hw QK: evav we køl Yi Uey jkb IqvK wku (gvb µvmdu G j) hv GLvb _ K WvDb jvw Kiv n q Q - Hw QK: Kw úduvi (evav we køl Yi Uey jkb wkuwu e envi Kivi Rb ) Hw QK: KvR 11 n vûavdu 3: Hw QK Kvh µg: Kw úduv i WvUv Gw Uª Ges djvdj wji we køly 187

189 mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i Rb bvu Mvj K i emv bv ev U AvKv i evmv bv Uwe ji Pvwiw` K AskMÖnYKvix `i emvb hv Z mevb mevb K `L Z cvb Ges mevb hb mn RB mnvqk/mnvwqkv K `L Z cvb avcmg~n 1. f~wgkv: 1K. evav we køl Yi mvzwu avc wji g a Avgiv GLb Kv_vq AvwQ Zv AskMÖnYKvix `i g b Kwi q w`b: avc- 6: evav we køl Yi cökœc Îi DËi wji KvW Zix Kiv Ges Uwej G emv bv Ges djvdj wj we køly Kiv 1L. AskMÖnYKvix `i Zv `i cökœcî wj ch v jvpbv K i `L Z ejyb Ges Zv `i wbwðz Ki Z ejyb h Zv `i bvu wj úó Ges mn RB cvv Kiv hvq 2. Uey jk bi Rb cökœcî wj mvrv bv 2K. AskMÖnYKvix `i Zv `i Uwe ji Dci _ K mewkqz mwi q cökœcî wj ivlvi Rb RvqMv ˆZix Ki Z ejyb 2L. KvR 11 n vûavdu 1 Ges wd cpvu 1: Ôhviv K iõ Ôhviv K i bvõ vwwi djvd ji Uvwj wku wji D`vniY-Gi Kwc wj AskMÖnYKvix `i w`b Ges QK/ Uwej wj wd cpvu G jvmvb AskMÖnYKvix `i ejyb Zviv hw` Pvb Zvn j Z_ wj n vûavd U wjl Z cv ib, Z e G wj wd cpv U ik W Kiv n e AskMÖnYKvix `i Kv Q wd cpv U i QK/ Uwej wj e vl v Kiæb 2M. Ôhviv K i/hviv K i bvõ vww Z AskMªnYKvixiv h Av`k AvPiYwU e envi K i Qb mb AvPiYwU wd cpv U i Dc i wjlyb 2N. AskMÖnYKvix `i Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ `i K wpwýz Ki Z ejyb Ges mb Abymv i cöwzwu c ôvi Dci ÔK iõ ev ÔK i bvõ wjl Z ejyb AskMÖnYKvix `i Ôhviv K iõ cökœcî wj Ôhviv K i bvõ cökœcî _ K Avjv`v Ki Z ejyb Ges G wj K Avjv`vfv e Íyc K i ivl Z ejyb 2O. Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ vww wji Íyc msmön Kiæb Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ Gi msl v byb Ges gvu msl v wd cpv U ikw Kiæb 2P. AskMÖnYKvix `i gv SÔhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ Gi cökœcî wj mgvbfv e fvm K i w`b cö Z K AskMÖnYKvixi Rb KZK wj cökœcî _vk e AskMÖnYKvix `i cökœcî wj Zv `i mvg b Ggbfv e ivl Z n e hv Z GKB mg q cö Z K cökœcî _ K DËi wj cov m e nq 188

190 bvu: h nzz GKRb AskMÖnYKvixi c ÿ GKB mg q PviwUi ekx cökœc Îi Dci KvR Kiv KwVb n Z cv i, mb Rb mnvqk/mnvwqkv GB KvRwU Pvi ev i fvm K i Ki Z cv ib (`ybevi Ôhviv K iõ Ges `ybevi Ôhviv K i bvõ Gi Rb, GUv wbf i Ki e gvu KZRb jvk KvwWs Ges Uey jkb Ki Qb muvi Dci) 3. KvwWs MvBW Zix Kiv Ges vwwi djvdj wj Q K emv bv 3K. AskMÖnYKvix `i ejyb: GB mkv j Avcbviv h Rwic wj K i Qb m wji me djvdj wj GLb Avgiv GKmv _ nv Z wj L Q K emv ev, cö_ g Avgiv Ôhviv K iõ Gi Dci KvR Kie Zvici Ôhviv K i bvõ Gi Dci KvR Kie 3L. cö_g cökœwu w` q ïiæ Kiæb AskMÖnYKvix `i mvg b h cökœcî wj Av Q m wj Zv `i co Z ejyb (bxi e) Ges GKB ikg DËi wj LyuR Z ejyb Mvj K i emv AskMÖnYKvix `i ga _ K cö_g e w³ K w` q ïiæ Kiæb mb cökœwui Rb DËi`vZviv m me DËi w` q Qb mb me DËi wj Zv K Rv o Rv o co Z ejyb DËi wj wd cpvu - 1 G wjlyb Zvici, wøzxq e w³ K ejyb Zv `i ckœcî wj Z hw` Ab Kvb DËi _ K _v K hv jlv nqwb m wj ejvi Rb Ges m wj wd cpv U wjlyb GBfv e evi evi Kiæb hzÿb ch ší bv mb wbwï ó cökœwui me DËi wj ZvwjKvf~³ Kiv bv nq D`vniY ^iæc, ÒMf ezx gwnjviv Mf ve vq AšÍZ Pvievi cömec~e wfwru Ki ebó- GB AvPiYwUi Rb h cökœ Kiv n q Q - ÒGB AvPiYwU Kivi ÿ Î wk wk Amyweav Av Q?Ó Zvi m ve DËi wj n Z cv i: ^v K `ª wj A bk `~ i / wk wbk _ K `~iz /A bk `~ i Avwg hw` hvb Zvn j Avgvi ^vgx Avgv K gvi avi Ki e/ ^vgx g b Ki eb h Avwg Zvi AbygwZ QvovB cixÿv Ki Z wm qwq hviqvi Rb Kvb UvKv bvb/ LiP/A bk `vg h DËi wj GKB ikg, mb wji Rb Avcwb KZK wj GKB ikg DËi GKB mvwi Z ZvwjKvf~³ Ki Z cv ib ( hgb, Lye Mig/Zvc/Lye Dò) GUv Ki eb ïaygvî mb DËi wji ÿ ÎB h wji e vcv i Avcwb hyw³m½zfv e wbwðz h DËi`vZviv GKB wel qi K_v ej Qb 3M. GLb Avcwb cö_g cökœwui djvdj wj Q K mvrv bvi Rb cö Z wd cpv U i cö_g cökœwui cö_g DËiwU `Lvb cöwzwu AskMÖnYKvix K Zv `i mvg b ivlv cökœcî wj _ K DËi wj co Z ejyb Ges KZRb Ôhviv K iõ GB GKB DËi ev Lye GKB ikg DËi w` q Qb mb msl vwu Av j Zz j `Lv Z ejyb hw` GB ai bi Kvb DËi bv _v K Zvn j Zv `i ejyb nv Zi gyv eü K i `Lv Z (hv Z Avcwb eys Z cv ib h Kvb DËi 189

191 bvb ev ïb DËi) AskMÖnYKvixiv hlb Mvbv kl Ki eb ZLb Zv `i K Avcbvi w` K ZvKv Z ejyb (G Z K i Zviv Mvbv kl niqvi Av MB Av j `Lv bv _ K weiz _vk eb) mevb hlb Avcbvi w` K ZvKv eb Ges nvz Zz j ai eb ZLb AvOyj wj byb Ges wd cpv U Ôhviv K iõ Gi Kjv g msl vwu wjlyb 3N. wøzxq DËiwU co b Ges AskMÖnYKvix `i ejyb KZRb jvk mb GKB DËi w` q Qb Zvi msl v Av½yj Zz j `Lv Z (A_ev k~b evsv bvi Rb gyv eü K i `Lv Z ejyb) Uvwj wk Ui cöwzwu DË ii Rb GB cöwµqvwu cybive wë Kiæb hzÿy ch ší bv me DËi wj Q K mvrv bv bv nq 3O. mk bi ïiæ Z Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ Gi h gvu b ^i Mvbv n qwqj Zvi wfwë Z cöwzwu wd cpv U i GKB ikg DËi wji Rb kzkiv b ei Kiæb ciezx wba vik cö kœ hviqvi Av M wd cpv U i mwvk Kjv g kzkiv wj emvb 3P. wøzxq cökœ Ges Zvic ii cökœ wji Rb 3L, 3M, 3N Ges 3O GB avc wj cybive wë Kiæb cöwzwu cö kœi Rb GKwU byzb wd cpvu wku e envi Kiæb (Avcwb hw` GKwU m ú~ Y evav we køly Gi Dci KvR K ib Zvn j mlv b wkqz ÔeÜ cökœõ _vk e GB wji Rb, Avcwb cökœcî _ K DË ii K vuvmwi wj Kwc K i ÔKvR 11 n vûavdu 1 Ges wd cpvu 1: Ôhviv K iõ Ôhviv K i bvõ vwwi djvd ji Uvwj wku wji D`vniYÕ - G emv Z cv ib Ges Zvici Av½yj MYbv Kiæb 3Q. hlb Ôhviv K iõ Gi me cökœ wj Q K emv bv n q hv e, AskMÖnYKvix `i ejyb G wj GK cv k mwi q ivl Z Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ Gi cökœcö Îi w` K g bv hvm w` Z G wj Uwe ji Dci Qwo q w` Z ejyb hv Z K i cökœcî wj GKm ½ cov hvq 3R. Ôhviv K i bvõ Gi cöwµqvwu mnr niqvi K_v cö_g cökœwui Rb wd cpvu 1 UvwO q w`b cö_g AskMÖnYKvix K ejyb BwZg a ZvwjKvf~³ Kiv nqwb Ggb Kvb DËi _vk j Zv Uvwj wk U hvm Ki Z mkj DËi wj wjlv bv niqv ch ší cöwzwu AskMÖnYKvix `i mv _ GB GKB KvR Kiæb 3S. AskMÖnYKvix `i Av½yj w` q msl v `Lv Z ejyb (ev gyv eü `wl q) Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ Gi cö_g cö kœi DËi wj Q K emvb Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ Gi Kjv g Uvwj Kiæb 3T. GB cöwµqvwui cybive wë Kiæb hzÿb ch ší bv Ôhviv K i bvõ Gi mkj cökœ wji Uvwj Kiv kl bv nq bvu: Uvwj Kivi ÿ Î f~j niqvuv h nzz LyeB ^vfvwek we klfv e cö_g evi Ki j, mb Kvi Y mnvqk ev mnvwqkv PvB j wd cpv U Uvwj bv K i LvZvq Uvwj Ki Z cv ib ( hlv b ms kvab KivUv mnr) Zvici, cöwzwu cö kœi PzovšÍ UvwjwU wd cpv U wjl Z cv ib hv Z mevb `L Z cvq Ges kzkivq wnmve ei Kiv hvq 190

192 4. djvdj wji `ªæZ g vbyqvj (nv Z Kiv) we køly 4K. Uvwj wku Kiv Ges kzkivq wnmve Klv kl n q M j ci, e vl v K i ejyb, h DËi wj Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ Gi g a me P q ekx cv_ K `Lv Q m wj mbme welq wj K cökvk Ki Q h welq wj wb q m ez cövmv g KvR Kivi cö qvrb Av Q; G wj K me P q kw³kvjx wba vik wnmv e we epbv Kiv nq e vl v K i ejyb, me P q iæz c~ Y wba vi wj K Ges Zv `i iæ Z i gvîv wpwýz Kiv n e evav we køl Yi Uey jkb wku e envi K i (GKwU gvb µvmdu G j IqvK eyk) wkš, GB ch v q, Avgiv mb me GKB DËi wj `L Z cvwi m me DËi wj Z Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ `i g a cv_ K kzkiv 15 ev ZviI ekx 4L. AskMÖnYKvix `i Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ Gi g a kzkiv 15 ev Gi P q ekx cv_ K wj wpwýz Ki Z ejyb bvu: hw` djvd j `Lv hvq h, A bk DËi wj ZB kzkiv 15 ev ZviI ekx cv_ K Av Q, Zvn j AskMÖnYKvix `i me P q eo cv_ K wj ZB g bv hvm w` Z n e AskMÖnYKvix `i wr Ám Kiæb KD wk ej Z cv ib wkbv GB djvdj wj Avgv `i K ÔKvh µg wji ms hvm vck wjõ m ú K wk e j hw` cö qvrb nq WvUv _ K D`vniY w`b Av jvpbv Kiæb GB WvUv wji wfwë Z cök íi Kg xiv cökí m ú wkz wk wm vší wb Z cv ib 4M. Ôhviv K iõ `j hme evav wj D jøl K i Qb h wj cök Zc ÿ Zv `i K AvPiYwU PP v Ki Z evav `qwb m wj wpwýz K i `Lvb AskMÖnYKvix `i cökœ Kiæb: Avcwb wk g b K ib, Kb Ôhviv K i bvõ `i PvB Z Ôhviv K iõ Zviv GB evavwui wel q ekx D jøl K i Qb? GBwUi e vcv i Avcbvi wk Kiv cö qvrb? e vl v K i ejyb, Ôhviv K i bvõ `i PvB Z hlb Ôhviv K iõ Giv hlb GKwU evavi wel q ekx e j, ZLb eys Z n e h, Zviv GB evavwu Avwe vi K i Qb ïaygvî hlb Zviv AvPiYwU PP v Kiv ïiæ K i Qb Avgv `i Rb GUv Rvbv mvnvh c~y, Avgiv wkfv e AvPiYwU DbœZ Ki ev muvi Rb bq, wkš hviv m úªwz GB AvPiYwU AvqË Kiv ïiæ Ki Qb Zv `i K civgk `v bi Rb I GUv Rvbv cö qvrb D`vniY ^iæc, GKRb K lkkxubvkk e e vcbvi (Bb U MÖ UW c g v br g U - IPM) AvPiY AvqË Kivi ÿ Î Ômgq e e vcbvõ welqwu K nq Zv cöv_wgkfv e evav wnmv e `L eb bv, wkš wkqz w`b PP v Kivi ci, wzwb GUv K KxUbvkK e e vcbv PP vi GKwU bwzevpk welq wnmv e g b Ki Z cv ib ( hgb: el vkv j Nb Nb Re-KxUbvkK cö qvm Kiv) ZLb cök íi Kg xiv bzzb IPM Gi Af vm MVbKvix `i K DrmvwnZ Kivi w` K ekx bri w` eb, Zviv Zv `i K mvnvh Ki eb AbeiZ IPM e env ii Kivi d j fwel Z wk 191

193 DcKvi Zviv cv e Zv `L Z Ges IPM e env ii ÿ Î hme mvaviy Ges mgqmv cÿ mgm v wj nq m wj Kgv Z Zv `i K mvnvh Ki eb D`vniY ^iæc, m úªmviwe `iv nq Zv ˆRe-KxUbvk Ki mv _ mvevb hvm Ki eb hv Z Nb Nb cybtcö qvm Ki Z bv nq 4N. Ôhviv K iõ G `i PvB Z Ôhviv K i bvõ Giv hme DÏxcK/mwµqK wji wel q ekx e j Qb m wj Lyu R ei Kiæb AskMÖnYKvix `i cökœ Kiæb: Avcwb wk g b K ib, Kb Ôhviv K i bvõ Giv Ôhviv K iõ G `i PvB Z GB mwµqk/dïxck wji wel q ekx e j Qb? Avcbvi GB wel q wk Kiv DwPZ? e vl v K i ejyb, gv S gv S Ôhviv K i bvõ Giv GKwU AvPiY AvqË Kivi Av MB AvPiYwU Ki j ci wk wk DcKvwiZv cviqv hv e Zv Kíbv K i, wkš mb Kíbv wj Avm j AvPiYwU AvqË Kivi ci ev Í e iæc bq bv D`vniY ^iæc, hšbzv cwinv ii ÿ Î, Ôhviv K iõ hyekhyezx `i PvB Z Ôhviv K i bvõ hyekhyezxiv gv S gv SB Ôevev gv qi KvQ _ K kö v AR b KivÕ GB welqwui K_v D jøl K i _v Kb GwU nq Zv GB ev ÍeZv K Zz j a i h, wkqz wkqz evev gv Pvb bv h Zv `i Q j g qiv hšbzv _ K weiz _vkzk (A_ev hšb mwµqzv wej ^ AvmyK), hyekhyezxiv hgbwu Kíbv K ib Zv `i evev gv m ú K wvk ZgbwU me mgq Zv `i evev gv qiv Zv `i Rb Avm j Pvb bv ev Í e, wkqz wkqz evev gv DwØMœ n q c oi hw` Zviv ` Lb h Zv `i Q j g qiv m½x wbe vpb Ki Q bv ev ivgvw UK niqvi fvy Ki Q myzivs, GB AvPiYwU DbœxZ Kivi ÿ Î fvj nq GB ai bi DcKvwiZv wj e envi bv Kiv, KviY Lye `ªæZB jv Kiv Rvb Z cvi e h, h DcKvwiZv wj Zviv Avkv K iwqj m wj Avm j ev Í e NU e bv 4O. AskMÖnYKvix `i GB e vl v w` q kl Kiæb: Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ Gi g a mkj 15 c q Ui cv_ K B mwz Kv ii cv_ K bq, wkqz wkqz NUbvµ g N U Q, Ab w` K wkqy wkqz 15 c q Ui Kg cv_ K wj mwz Kv ii cv_ K wb Ï k K i Kvb DËi wj ekx iæz c~y Zv wby q Kivi AviI fvj Dcvq Av Q: gvb µvmdu G j IqvK kxu e envi Ki j Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ Gi g a iæz c~y cwimsl vbmz cv_ K wj mn RB wby q Kiv hvq Ges GUv _ K evsv hvq Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ `i KvQ _ K Kvb wbwï ó DËi cviqvi m vebv KZUzKz Av Q GUv Rvbvi ci, Kvb wba vik wj Dci ekx g bv hvm w` Z n e mb wel q wm vší biqv mnr n q hvq c ii av c Avgiv GB cöwµqv wb q K_v eje bvu: nv Z Kj g KvR Kivi mgq hw` Kg msl K Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ `i mvÿvrkvi biqv n q _v K (20 R bi Kg), Zvn j Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ Gi g a eo cv_ K (15 c q Ui ekx) cviqv ek KwVb n Z cv i GB ÿ Î avc 4K kl Kivi ci mnvqk/mnvwqkv KvR 11 n vûavdu 2: evav we køl Yi WvUv mu wji bgybv- GwU e envi Ki Z cv ib hv Z AskMÖnYKvixiv WvUv we køly Ki Z wkl Z cv ib GB WvUv muwu e envi Kivi Rb, AskMÖnYKvix `i Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ Gi g a 15 c q U ev ZviI 192

194 ekx me P q cv_ K wj ei Ki Z ejyb, Zvici WvUv wj cybivq `Lyb I Av jvpbv Kiæb Ges WvUv wji gv b wk mb e vcv i wm vší wbb (avc 4L, 4M Ges 4N `Lyb) GB WvUv wji Dci wfwë K i cök íi Kg xi cökí welqk wk wm vší wb Z cv ib mb wel q Av jvpbv Kiæb 5. Kw úduv i WvUv Gw Uª Ges we køly wkfv e Ki Z nq Zv klv bvi Rb ( huv ekx wbf yj Ges Av ivi ekx iæz c~y cv_ K wj K wpwýz Ki Z cv i) `Lyb KvR 11 n vûavdu 3: Hw QK Kvh µg: Kw úduv i WvUv Gw Uª Ges djvdj wji we køly GB n vûavduwu Avcwb AskMÖnYKvix `i gv S weziy Ki Z cv ib GB Kv Ri k l, AskMÖnYKvix `i Kvb cökœ Av Q wkbv Zv wr Ám Ki Z fzj eb bv 193

195 KvR 11 n vûavdu 1 Ges wd cpvu 1 Ôhviv K iõ Ôhviv K i bvõ vwwi djvd ji Uvwj wku wji D`vniY Av`k AvPiY: Ôhviv K iõ Gi gvu msl v: Ôhviv K i bvõ Gi gvu msl v: DËi wj # Ôhviv K iõ % Ôhviv K iõ # Ôhviv K i bvõ % Ôhviv K i bvõ Dcj BwZevPK djvdj wj: GB AvPiYwU Kivi myweav wj wk wk? Dcj bwzevpk djvdj wj: GB AvPiYwU Kivi Amyweav wj wk wk? Dcj ^-mÿgzv / `ÿzv: Kvb Kvb welq wj GB AvPiYwU Kiv K mnr K i Zv j? 194

196 DËi wj # Ôhviv K iõ % Ôhviv K iõ # Ôhviv K i bvõ % Ôhviv K i bvõ Dcj ^-mÿgzv / `ÿzv: Kvb Kvb welq wj GB AvPiYwU Kiv K KwVb K i Zv j? Dcj mvgvwrk ixwzbxwz: GB AvPiYwU Kivi Rb Avcbv K K mg_ b ev mn hvwmzv Ki e? Dcj mvgvwrk ixwzbxwz: GB AvPiYwU Kivi Rb Avcbv K K mg_ b ev mn hvwmzv Ki e bv? 195

197 KvR 11 n vûavdu 2 evav we køl Yi WvUv mu wji bgybv bvu: bx Pi cö_g WvUv m Ui D`vniYwU Kgjv i Oi wgwó Avjyi MvQ (OFSP) jvmv bvi wel q, Ges wøzxqwu nj Kg c ÿ Pvievi Mf Kvjxb mg q PKAvc (ANC) Kivi wel q wkš ZviciI GB cöwkÿ Yi Rb mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i Zv `i wb R `i WvUv mu ˆZix K i wb Z n e hw` evav we køl Yi ev Ôhviv K iõ Ôhviv K i bvõ vwwi Avmj WvUv BwZg a bv _v K WvUv muwu ekx Kvh Kix nq hw` GwU cökíwu h AvPiY wj DbœxZ Kivi Póv Ki Q m wji Dci wfwë K i Kiv n q _v K (D`vniY ^iæc, GB Kg kvjv cwipvjbv Kivi Rb h wkÿvi cö qvrbxqzv I m ú` hvpvb (LNRA) Kiv n q Q mwu `Lyb) Kgjv i Oi wgwó Avjyi WvUv mu AvPiY: Kgjv i Oi wgwó Avjyi MvQ jvmv bv (45 Rb Ôhviv K iõ / 45 Rb Ôhviv K i bvõ) DËi wj # hviv K i % hviv K i # hviv K i bv % hviv K i bv 1. Dcj ^-mÿgzv / `ÿzv: ez gvb Ávb, A_ I `ÿzv e envi K i wgwó Avjyi MvQ jvmv bvi ÿgzv হয ৩৬ ৮০ ২৯ ৬৪ ন ৯ ২০ ১৬ ৩৬ 2. Dcj BwZevPK djvdj wj: myweav wj cywóki Lv` MÖn Yi my hvmmyweav e w ২৮ ৬২ ১৮ ৪০ DbœZ Avq ২৮ ৪০ ৩০ ৬৭ `ªæZ dmj msmön ৯ ২০ ৯ ২০ 3. Dcj bwzevpk djvdj: Amyweav wj jv K G ai bi wgwó Avjy bvi ১৩ ২৯ ২৪ ৫৩ wkb Z cv i Avgvi cwiev ii jv Ki G ai bi Avjy cq ` bvi Ki Z cv i ৯ ২০ ২৬ ৫৮ 4. Dcj ^-mÿgzv / `ÿzv: hv KvRwU mnr K i Zv j exr cviqv ৩৬ ৮০ ২১ ৪৭ Ggb GKRb _vkv h Avgvi cö kœi ৩৭ ৮২ ৩১ ৬৯ DËi w` Z cvi e hw` Av ivi ekx jvk wgwó Avjy wkb Z ev L Z cq ` K i ৫ ১১ ৭ ১৬ 196

198 DËi wj # hviv K i % hviv K i # hviv K i bv % hviv K i bv 5. Dcj ^-mÿgzv / `ÿzv: hv KvRwU K Av ivi KwVb K i Zv j exr cviqv A bk KwVb ১৭ ৩৮ ১২ ২৭ exr _ K MvQ MRv e wkbv m ২ ৪ ৬ ১৩ wel q wbwðz bv niqv jvmv bvi cöwµqv m ú K wbwðz bv ২৫ ৫৬ ৩৪ ৭৬ niqv jv K wkb e ev Lv e wkbv m wel q wbwðz bv niqv ১৭ ৩৮ ২৩ ৫১ 6. Dcj mvgvwrk ixwzbxwz: K mg_ b ev mn hvwmzv Ki e K wl m úªmviy G R U ২৭ ৬০ ৩৩ ৭৩ h K l Kiv byzb wkqz Ki Z Pvq ৯ ২০ ১৫ ৩৩ Avwg Ggb KvD K wpwb bv ৯ ২০ ১৫ ৩৩ 7. Dcj mvgvwrk ixwzbxwz: K mg_ b ev mn hvwnzv Ki e bv Avgvi m½x/ ^vgx/ x (Zviv Kgjv i Oi ৯ ২০ ২৭ ৬০ wgwó Avjyi mv _ cwiwpz bq) jv Kiv hviv Kgjv i Oi wgwó ১৮ ৪০ ২০ ৩৩ Avjyi wel q Rv b bv Avgvi m½x/ ^vgx/ x (Zvi Rb GUv eviwz KvR) ২১ ৪৭ ৯ ২০ 8. Dcj mvgvwrk ixwzbxwz: hw` AwaKvsk jvkb mg_ b K i হয ৩৭ ৮২ ৩৩ ৭৩ ন ৮ ১৮ ১২ ২৭ 9. Dcj my hvm myweav: Kgjv i Oi wgwó Avjy ivc bi Rb cö qvrbxq DcKiY ev mev cviqv KZUv KwVb? Lye KwVb ৫ ১১ ৯ ২০ wkqzuv KwVb ৬ ১৩ ৯ ২০ GK`g KwVb bv ৩৪ ৭৬ ২৭ ৬০ 10. c` ÿc MÖn bi Dcj Bw½Z/g b Kwi q `Iqv: KLb wgwó Avjy ivcb Ki Z n e Zv g b ivlv KZUv KwVb? Lye KwVb ৫ ১১ ৯ ২০ wkqzuv KwVb ৬ ১৩ ৯ ২০ GK`g KwVb bv ৩৪ ৭৬ ২৭ ৬০ 11. Dcj ms e`bkxjzv / SzuwK: AvMvgx eq i ivzkvbv ivm ev nvg niqvi m vebv KZUzKz? A bk m vebv ৩৯ ৮৭ ৩১ ৬৯ wkqzuv m vebv ৫ ১১ ৯ ২৪ Kvb m vebv bvb ১ ২ ৫ ১১ 197

199 DËi wj # hviv K i % hviv K i # hviv K i bv % hviv K i bv 12. Dcj KwVbZv: hw` ivzkvbv ivm ev nvg nq Zvn j GUv KZ eo mgm v n e? Lye Lvivc mgm v ৩1 ৬৯ ২৫ ৫৬ wkqzuv Lvivc mgm v ৮ ১৮ ১১ ২৪ gv UB Kvb mgm v bq ৬ ১৩ ৯ ২০ 13. Dcj Hk wik B Qv: Kgjv i Oi wgwó Avjy ivcb KivUv hw` Ck i Aby gv`b K ib হয ৩৮ ৮৪ ৩১ ৬৯ ন ৭ ১৬ ১৪ ৩১ 14. bxwzgvjv: Ggb Kvb AvBb ev bxwz mgv R Av Q hvi Kvi b Kgjv i Oi wgwó Avjy ivcb Kivi m vebv ekx _vk e হয ৪ ৯ ৭ ১৬ ন ৪১ ৯১ ৩৮ ৮৪ 15. ms wz: wgwó Avjy ivcb weiæ Kvb ms wzmz wbqg ev wek vm হয ২০ ৪৪ ২৫ ৫৮ ন ২৫ ৫৬ ১৯ ৪২ 198

200 KvR 12: Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj K jlv AR bwfwëk D Ïk vejx GB Kv Ri k l AskMÖnYKvixiv: wba vik wji mv _ Kvh µg wji ms hvm vck wj wgjv eb AvPi Yi mv _ m ú wkz GKwU wba vi Ki ZvwjKvi Rb ÔKvh µ gi ms hvm vck wjõ wjl eb mgq: 1 N Uv 30 wgwbu DcKiYmg~n KvR 12 n vûavdu 1: Kvh µ gi ms hvm vc Ki msáv KvR 3 wd cpvu 2: cvupwu DBC wm vší - _ K Kvh µ gi ms hvm vc Ki msáv KvR 3 n vûavdu 2: m ú ~Yfv e m úvw`z DBC KvVv gvi D`vniYmg~n, D`vniY - 1 K wl I cövk wzk m ú `i cökí (ANR): nvumgyimxii Lvgv ii e e vcbv KvR 12 n vûavdu 2: Kvh µg wji ms hvm vck wji D`vniY KvR 12 n vûavdu 3: wba vik wj _ K Kvh µg wji ms hvm vck wj jlv KvR 12 n vûavdu 3 Gi DËicÎ (cwiwkó 3 G Av Q) ধ পসম হ 1. m~pbv 1K. Avgiv AvPiY cwiez bi bkkv Zixi (DBC) KvVv gvi Kvb av c AvwQ Zv AskMÖnYKvix `i wpwýz Ki Z ejyb Zv `i DËi niqv DwPZ ÒKvh µ gi ms hvm vck wjó e vl v K i ejyb, Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj wk, wkfv e G wj wjl Z nq Ges wkfv e G wj e envi Ki Z nq Zv GLb Avgiv wkle mv ji wwwewm KvwiKzjv g Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj K g~j welq ejv nz 2011 mv ji g vbyqv j GwU K cwiez b Kiv nq hv Z wkÿv_ xiv GB k ãi A_ mwvkfv e eys Z cv ib 199

201 2. Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wk? 2K. AskMÖnYKvix `i KvR 12 n vûavdu 1: Kvh µ gi ms hvm vc Ki msáv GwU w`b Ges KvR 3 wd cpvu 2: cvupwu DBC wm vší GLvb _ K Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wji msáv wj `Lvb e vl v Kiæb h, GKwU wba vik Kvb w` K hv e mb wel q Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck Av ivi we kl ey bv cö`vb K i 2L. GKwU Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck jlvi Rb h we ÍvwiZ ey bvi cö qvrb Zv d g wuf M elyvi djvdj (evav we køly ev Ôhviv K iõ Ôhviv K i bvõ vww) _ K cviqv hvq d g wuf M elyv Qvov Avcwb Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj wjl Z cvi eb bv GKwU wba vik Ges GKwU Kvh µ gi g a Ges GKwU wba vi Ki g a cwikwíz cwiez b GB Dfq w` KB GwU ms hvm vcb K i cöwzwu wba vi Ki Rb mvaviyz GKwU Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck _v K hv wba vwiz AvPiYwUi Rb iæz c~y 3. AskMÖnYKvix `i cökœ Kiæb: Kb Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj jlv ev` w` q wba vik wji Áv bi Dci wfwë K i ïaygvî Kvh µg wj jlv m e bq? DËi wj niqv DwPZ: KviY wba vik wji wel q Avgiv wk Kie Ges we klfv e wba vi Ki Kvb Dcv`vbwU Avcbvi cö qvrb n e Kvh µg wj Zix Kivi Rb Zv Avgiv GLbI Rvwb bv D`vniY ^iæc, hw` Avcbvi d g wuf M elyvi djvdj e j h Ômy hvm myweavõ nj GKwU iæz c~y wba vik, Ges hw` Avcwb djvdj wj Av ivi LwZ q bv ` Lb Zvn j nq Zv Avcwb fzj Kvb my hvm myweavi Dci Avcbvi Kvh µgwu ˆZix Ki eb 4. KvR 12 n vûavdu 2: Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wji D`vniY GwU AskMÖnYKvix `i w`b Ges KvR 3 n vûavdu 2: m ú~y fv e m úvw`z DBC KvVv gvi D`vniYmg~n _ K Zv `i K nvumgyimxi Lvgv ii e e vcbvi D`vniY - 1 GwU `L Z ejyb wba vik wj Ges Ges Gi mv _ wgjv bv Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj coyb Rvi w` q ejyb, n vûavdu 1 G hgb ejv n q Q, hw` Avgiv Kvb wkqz Òe w Kwi, DbœZ Kwi, Kwg q w`b, n«vm Kwi ev kw³kvjx KwiÓ Zvn j Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck Avgv `i K mb me wel q e j wba vikwu K Kvb w`k _ K Avgiv cöfvwez Ki Z PvB m m ú K GUv Avgv `i K wb Ï k `q 5. e vl v K i ejyb h, Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj cövqb ÒDcj Ó kã Øviv jlv nq h nzz mkj wba vik nj Kvb wkqzi wel q AMÖvwaKvi `j wji Dcjw GKUv e wzµg n Z cv i ÔDcj ^ÿgzvõ Gi wel q, hlv b Kvh µ gi ms hvm vckwu K jlv n e ÒGUvi mÿgzv e w Kiv...Ó GB fv e 6. e vl v K i ejyb h, wkqz jvk Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wji v b Kvh µg wj wjl Z Pvq, wkš G wj GK welq bq Kvh µg wj ïiæ nq Kvh Kix wµqv w` q Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj 200

202 Av ivi ekx mvaviy Ges whwb bkkv K ib wzwb A bk m ve Kvh µg wj _ K G wj K wbe vpb Ki Z cv ib Kvb GKwU Kvh µ gi wpšív BwZg a B gv_vq i L Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj jlv DwPZ bq GBfv e Ki j welqwu wb q KvR Kivi h wewfbœ wekí Av Q m wj K mxwgz Kiv nq 7. AskMÖnYKvix `i QvU ` j fvm Kiæb Ges Zv `i K KvR 12 n vûavdu 3: wba vik wj _ K Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj jlv - GwU `L Z ejyb e vl v K i ejyb h, evg w` Ki Kjv gi wee wz wj nj d g wuf M elyvi djvdj h wji Rb Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj wjl Z n e Ges gvslv bi Kjv g wba vikmg~n Av Q h wj wee wz wji mv _ m ú wkz cöwzwu QvU ` ji Rb wbwïó wkqz wee wz w`b Ges cöwzwu wee wz wji Rb `j wj K GKwU Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wjl Z ejyb QvU `j wj hlb Zv `i me Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj wj L kl Ki eb ZLb ev` evkx mkj AskMÖnYKvix `i mv _ DËi wj cybtch v jvpbv Kiæb KvR 12 n vûavdu 3 Gi DËicÎ (cwiwkó 3 G Av Q) Gi mv _ wgwj q DËi wj hvpvb Kiæb Ges ms kvab Kiæb Kvb cökœ _vk j DËi w`b 8. GB e j KvRwU kl Kiæb h, Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj jlvi mgq cö_ g KvRwU K KwVb g b n Z cv i, wkš hlb Avcwb Avcbvi d g wuf M elyvwu kl Ki eb, hwu Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj jlvi ÿ Î w`kwb Ï kbv w` e ZLb KvRwU Kiv mnr n q hv e wkš g b ivl eb, Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj Kvh µg bq; wkš G wj wba vikmg~n I Kvh µgmg~ ni g a ms hvm vcb K i 201

203 KvR 12 n vûavdu 1 Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck Gi msáv d g wuf M elyvi (evav we køly ev Ôhviv K iõ Ôhviv K i bvõ vww) mgq AMÖvwaKvi `j h DËi wj w` q Q m wji Dci wfwë K i, M elyvi Øviv h welqwu cökvwkz n q Q mb welqwui Dci KvR Kivi Rb wk Kiv DwPZ mb wel q Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj Avgv `i K Av ivi wbwï ófv e ey bv `q GKwU Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck mvaviyz ïiæ nq wb Ï kk wµqv w` q (D`vniY ^iæc, e w, n«vm, DbœwZ, kw³ e w ) Ges cövqb AMÖvwaKvi ` ji Dcjw cwiez b Ki Z Pvq GUv K kzkivq cökvk Kiv nq bv GKwU Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck MVb Kiv wb Ï kk wµqv (e w, n«vm, DbœwZ, kw³ e w ) + Kvb wkqzi wel q Dcjw ev Kvb wkqz&i Dci mÿgzv ev Kvb wkqzi mnrjf Zv 202

204 KvR 12 n vûavdu 2 Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wji D`vniY AvPiY: cök í AskMÖnYKvix cwievi wji cövß eq cyiæl I gwnjviv memgq gyimx wj eov w` q eü K i ivl e wba vik wj Dcj bwzvevpk djvdj wj Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj GB Dcjw e w Kiv h hw` gyimx wj K eü K i ivlv nq Zvn j Zviv Av ivi fvjfv e wwg cvo e gyimx wj K h _ó cwigv b Lvevi I cvwb `Iqvi wel q K lk `i Ávb I `ÿzv DbœZ Kiv hv Z gyimx wj AbeiZ wwg cvo Z _v K K lk `i GB Dcjw e w Kiv h, gyimx wj eü K i ivlvi Rb Kvb evowz LiP/ KvR Kiv n j Zv n e GKwU mvköqx LiP Dcj BwZevPK djvdj wj my hvm myweav GB Dcjw e w Kiv h, gyimx wj K eü K i ivl j ÿwz Kg nq KviY gyimx wj Amȳ nq bv Ges eb cï wj Zv `i L q d j bv, gyimx wj Lv` km /evmvb bó K i bv, Zv `i K wukv `Iqv mnr nq Ges Zviv DcKvix mvi Drcv`b K i eov `Iqvi Kg `vgx miävg Ges Kg `vgx Lvev ii mnrjf Zv e w Kiv 203

205 KvR 12 n vûavdu 3 wba vik wj _ K Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj jlv wbe vwpz AvPi Yi mv _ m ú K i L cöwzwu wba vi Ki Rb AšÍZ GKwU Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wjlyb d g wuf M elyvi DËi wj wba vik Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck 1. Rwgi mxgv ilvq wkfv e MvQ jvmv Z nq Zv Avwg Dcj ^-ÿgzv/`ÿzv Rvwb bv 2. Avgvi k ïi Avgv K e j Qb h mvi e envi Kivi Dcj mvgvwrk ixwzbxwz gv b nj UvKvcqmv Avi kög bó Kiv ZvB Avwg GUv K i evkv mvr Z PvB bv 3. Avwg hw` Avgvi Rwg bv cvovb Zvn j c ii Dcj bwzevpk djvdj eq i Avgvi Rwg Z cvkvi mgm v Av ivi ekx n e 4. hw` Avwg mvwie fv e fzævi MvQ wj jvmvb Zvn j Dcj bwzevpk djvdj nq Zv evzvm m wj K f ½ dj e 5. Avwg wk wb K h Z cq ` Kwi bv KviY MZevi hlb Avwg wm qwqjvg ZLb Zviv Avgvi mv _ Lvivc my hvm myweav Dcj bwzevpk djvdj e envi K i Q 6. evoxi evb i KvR Kivi d j Avgvi wkï K Qq Dcj ^-mÿgzv/`ÿzv gvm ch ší ïaygvî ey Ki `ya LvIqv bv Avgvi c ÿ KwVb n q c o 7. Avwg AvMvQv cwi vi Ki Z cq ` Kwi bv! Avwg ZLbB GUv Ki Z cq ` Kwi hlb Avwg Avi Avgvi cöwz ekx KvRwU GKmv _ Kwi Dcj ^-mÿgzv/`ÿzv 8. Avwg wkgyj Avjyi bzzb RvZwU (Kvmvfv) jvmv Z P qwqjvg, wkš M elyvmviwu GwU wezi Yi h ZvwiL w` qwqj mb ZvwiLUv Avwg fz j wm qwqjvg 9. h me wkïiv QvU AvKv ii n q Rb vq ïay ZvivB Acywó Z fv M Avgvi wkïwu R b i mgq eo wqj, ZvB Avgvi GUv wb q wpšív Kivi cö qvrb bvb 10. Avwg ï bwq h Avwg hw` Avgvi Rwg Z mvcvb bv w`b Zvn j Avgvi Rwgi Dc ii gvwu ÿ q hv e wkš Avgvi Rwgi Dcwifv M h _ó gvwu Av Q, myzivs Avwg GUv wb q wpwšíz bb c` ÿc MÖn Yi Bw½Z/g b Kwi q `Iqv Dcj ms e`bkxjzv Dcj ms e`bkxjzv 204

206 d g wuf M elyvi DËi wj wba vik Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck 11. evb ej e j h gjg~î Lvjv Ae vq ivlv wvk bq ZvB Avgvi cwievi GKwU cvqlvbv ˆZix K i Q Dcj Hk wik B Qv 12. MZ mßv n Avwg Avgvi mšívb K wukv `Iqvi Rb wb q bxwzgvjv wm qwqjvg, wkš Zviv Avgv K ej jb h ïaygvî GKRb wkïi Rb Zviv cy iv GKwU wukvi evzj Lyj Z cvi e bv 13. Rwg cvov bv Avgv `i GKUv ixwz hv Z Rwg cwi vi nq ms wz Ges Pv li Rb cö Z nq 14. ïaygvî Avgvi xi mv _ kvixwik m ú K ivlv Lye KwVb Dcj ^mÿgzv/`ÿzv 15. Avgvi ^vgx Pvb Avwg hb GB eq i cwiev ii Lv` Pvwn`v c~iy Kivi PvB Z wewµ Kivi Rb ekx K i dmj jvmvb Dcj mvgvwrk ixwzbxwz 16. Avwg cwievi cwikíbv c wz e envi KiZvg wkš Avwg h my hvm myweav c wzwu cq ` Kwi muv mieivn Kiv Zviv eü K i w` q Q 17. B`uyi cöwz iva Kivi Rb GB eq i Avwg GKwU DbœZgv bi km vmvi evbv Z PvB MZ eqi Zviv Avgvi A bk f~æv L q Dcj BwZevPK djvdj d j Q 18. GKRb cï wpwkrmk Kv Q _vkvi Kvi b Avgvi c ÿ cï w` q Rwg Pvl Kiv bvuv mnr n q Q Dcj ^mÿgzv/`ÿzv 19. Avwg ï bwq h hlb Avgvi mšív bi VvÛv jv M ZLb fvj nq hw` Avwg Zvi k vm-cök vm cixÿv Kwi q wbb, wkš Avwg Zv Ki Z fz j Mjvg 20. Avwg GUv Ki Z Póv K iwqjvg wkš GUv Kivi Rb A bk mgq I kö gi cö qvrb 21. Avgvi wkïwui IRb hw` Kg nq Zvn j Kvi wk hvq Av m? m Zv ZviciI e o IV Q, Avi Zvi eq m AvwgI QvU wqjvg 22. GB eq i Avwg fvj dmj cve wkbv Zv Ck ii B Qv, Ges GB e vcv i Avwg Lye GKUv ekx wkqz Ki Z cvwi bv 23. hw` Avgvi mšívb h _ó cyó nq Zvn j Zviv Avgv `i K webvg~ j ik bi Lvevi w` e bv ZvB Avwg Avi Zv K ey Ki `ya LvIqvw Q bv ik bi Lvevi cviqvuv Avgvi cwiev ii Rb AZ ší iæz c~y 24. Avgv `i RvwZi jvk `i Ab RvwZi jvk `i mv _ LvIqv wb la, ZvB Avgviv mfv Z hvb bv c` ÿc MÖn Yi Bw½Z/g b Kwi q `Iqv Dcj evav Dcj wzeªzv/ iæzizv Dcj Hk wik B Qv bxwzgvjv Dcj bwzevpk djvdj ms wz 205

207 PZz _ w` bi g~j vqb (wd cpvu A_ev n vûavdu) AvR K Avcwb mvivw ` b h KvR wj Z AskMÖnY K i Qb m wji cö Z KwUi cöwz Avcbvi mvgwmök mš wó Kgb wqj Zv wb Ï k Kiæb Ges GB KvR wj DbœZ Kivi wel q Avcbvi Kvb aviyv _vk j Zv w`b gvv ch v qi Kvh µg Lye অস wkqzuv অস wbi cÿ wkqzuv স Lye mš ó GB KvR DbœZ Kivi Rb civgk : ক R 11: WvUv mskjb I we køly Kiv Lye অস wkqzuv অস wbi cÿ wkqzuv স Lye mš ó GB KvR DbœZ Kivi Rb civgk : KvR 12: Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj jlv Lye অস wkqzuv অস wbi cÿ wkqzuv স Lye mš ó GB KvR DbœZ Kivi Rb civgk : AvR Ki me P q mvnvh c~y welqwu wk: h welqwu wb q Avwg GLbI wøavwš^z: 206

208 Kg kvjvi câg w`b 207

209 ch v jvpbv Kivi Abykxjbx: Mv bi Zv j Zv j Pqvi e`j AR bwfwëk D Ïk vejx GB Kv Ri k l AskMÖnYKvixiv: Z Zxq I PZz_ w` bi g~j aviyv wj ch v jvpbv Ki eb câg w` bi Kg m~px Ges D Ïk wj ch v jvpbv Ki eb সময় ৩০ ম নট উপKiYmg~n ch v jvpbv Kivi vejx Uc ikw vi Ges bvpvi Rb fvj GKwU wmww Hw QK: ch v jvpbvi cökœ wj jlvi Rb KZK wj Lvwj Bb W KvW AvR Ki w` bi mgqm~px Avi jÿ mg~n ধ পmg~n ১ wekí 1: cö Z K AskMÖnYKvix K GKwU Bb W Kv W ch v jvpbvi GKwU cökœ wj L KvW wu mnvqk K w` Z ejyb wekí 2: GB Kv Ri k l ch v jvpbv cökœ wj e envi Kiæb ২ AskMÖnYKvix `i Zv `i Pqvi wj w` q GKwU MvjvK wz (A_ev `ybwu mvwi) Zix Ki Z ejyb Ges Zv `i K Pqvi wji wcq b `vuov Z ejyb GKwU ev `ybwu Pqvi mwi q w `b hv Z AskMÖnYKvix `i msl vi PvB Z Pqv ii msl v Kg nq ৩. AskMÖnYKvix `i e vl v K i ejyb: Avgiv GLb GKUv Mvb evrve mb Mv bi Zv j Zv j Avcbviv Mvj ev mvwie K i ivlv Pqvi wji evb i Pvwiw` K Ny i Ny i nvuu eb ev bvp eb hlb Mvb eü n e ZLb Avcbvi me P q Kv Qi Pqv i e m co b ev emvi Rb Kvb dvukv Pqvi LyuRyb h nzz GLv b GK ev `ybwu Pqvi Kg Av Q, m nzz Avcbv `i g a GKRb ev `ybrb K `vuwo q _vk Z n e hlb GgbwU NU e, ZLb mnvqk/mnvwqkv hviv `vuwo q _vk eb Zv `i K GKUv ch v jvpbvi cökœ w` eb Ges muvi DËi w` Z ej eb DËi `Iqvi Rb h AskMÖnYKvix (AskMÖnYKvixiv) kl e w³ n eb wzwb c ii evi Mvb eü n j h e w³ emvi Rb Pqvi cv eb bv Zv K c ii cökœwu Ki eb ৪ LjvwU ïiæ Kiæb wkqzÿb Mvb eü ivlyb hviv `vuwo q _vk eb Zv `i K Aek B cª kœi DËi w` Z n e 208

210 ৫ mg Í cö kœi DËi bv `Iqv ch ší, cö Z Kevi Mvb eü Kivi ci `ybwu ev wzbwu Pqvi mwi q wbb Ges Mv bi gv S weiwzi mgq Kwg q w`b hw` KD Am ú~ Y ev fzj DËi w` q _v Kb Zvn j Ab vb AskMÖnYKvix `i mvnvh Ki Z ejyb ৬ hw` w` bi ïiæ Z GUv Kiv n q _v K, Zvn j AskMÖnYKvix `i wb q w` bi mgqm~px Ges jÿ mg~n Av jvpbv Kiæb PZy_ w` bi g~j vq bi djvd ji GKwU mswÿß mvivsk w`b hw` cö qvrb nq Zvn j AskMÖnYKvix `i Av ivi Z_ Ges e vl v w ` Z ejyb AskMÖnYKvix `i hw` Kvb A úózv, wpšívi welq ev Kvb civgk _v K Zvn j m wj wb q Av jvpbv Kiæb Ges `wbk g~j vqb c~iy Kivi Rb Zv `i K ab ev` Rvbvb 209

211 ch v jvpbvi Rb cökœmg~n: 1. Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj K jlvi Rb Avcvwb wk wk kã e envi Ki eb? 2. Ggb GKR bi D`vniY w`b whwb Avcbvi wbe vwpz AvPiYwUi Rb AvPi Yi cwiez bi cö wz ch v q i q Qb 3. Ôc` ÿc MÖn Yi Dcj ^-ÿgzvõ Ges ÔDcj ^-ÿgzvõ GB `ywui g a cv_ K wk? GKwU D`vniY w`b 4. ÔDcj ms e`bkxjzvõ ej Z wk evsvq? 5. ÔDcj ZxeªZv/ iæzizvõ ej Z wk evsvq? 6. Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj K ev` w` q, wba vik wji Dci Avgv `i h Ávb Av Q m wji Dci wfwë K i ïaygvî Kvh µg wj K jlv m e bq Kb? 7. Avgiv wkfv e cöfvek `j (`j wj K) wpwýz Kwi? 8. AMÖvwaKvi `j Ges AvPi Yi Rb Kvb wba vik wj me P q ekx iæz c~y Zv Avcwb wkfv e Rvb Z cv ib? 9. Avgiv Kb evav we køly Kwi? 10. Avcbvi Ôhviv K iõ/ôhviv K i bvõ vww Z Avcwb h wba vik wj K wpwýz K i Qb m wji mv _ Avcbvi ÔKvh µ gi ms hvm vck wjiõ h mivmwi m úk Av Q Zv Avcwb wkfv e wbwðz Ki eb? 11. MVbg~jK wdwe vk `Iqvi GKwU fvj Dcvq wk? 12. cö Z KwU iæz c~y wba vi Ki Rb GKwU ÔKvh µ gi ms hvm vckõ jlvi cöavb D Ïk wk? 13. Avcbvi evav we kølywu we køly Kivi mgq kzkiv KZ K Avcwb iæz c~y e j we epbv K ib? 14. h `ybwu wba vik mgm vi mv _ m ú wkz AvPi Yi mv _ bq mb `ybwu wba vi Ki bvg ejyb 15. wba vik wj Ges Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wji g a me P q eo cv_ K wu wk? 16. GKwU evav we køly Kivi A_ev Ôhviv K iõ/ôhviv K i bvõ vww Kivi mv _ m ú wkz wzbwu av ci bvg ejyb 17. Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck Gi msáv wk? 18. evav we køly Kivi mgq A_ev Ôhviv K iõ/ôhviv K i bvõ vwwi mgq msm nxz WvUv wj Q K emv bvi Kv R mvÿvrkvi MÖnYKvix `i RwiZ _vkv Kb iæz c~y? 210

212 19. evav we køly A_ev Ôhviv K iõ/ôhviv K i bvõ vww Kivi mgq GKRb Kvh Ki mvÿvrkvi MÖnYKvix n Z n j wk wk `ÿzv _vkv cö qvrb? 20. evav we køly A_ev Ôhviv K iõ/ôhviv K i bvõ vwwi djvdj wj Kvh Kifv e Q K emv bvi Rb wk wk `ÿzvi cö qvrb Av Q? 21. Ôhviv K iõ/ôhviv K i bvõ vww Kivi mgq wba vwiz Rb Mvwói ÔDcj ^-ÿgzvõ cwigvc Kivi Rb Avcwb wk wk cökœ K ib? 22. GKwU Ôhviv K iõ/ôhviv K i bvõ vww Kivi mgq wba vwiz Rb Mvwôi ÔDcj BwZevPK djvdj wjõ Rvbvi Rb Avcwb wk wk cökœ K ib? 23. GKwU Ôhviv K iõ/ôhviv K i bvõ vww Kivi mgq wba vwiz Rb Mvwôi ÔDcj mvgvwrk ixwzbxwz wjõ Rvbvi Rb Avcwb wk wk cökœ K ib? 24. mvÿvrkvi MÖn Yi ci cib `ix bv K i WvUv wj Q K/ Uwe j emv bvi cöavb DcKvi wj wk wk? 25. KvwWs ej Z Avcwb wk ev Sb? 26. mz ev wg_ v: Avcbvi Kg GjvKvq KZRb jvk GKwU AvPiY PP v Ki Q Zv Rvbvi Rb evav we køly Avcbv K mvnvh K i 27. AvPiY cwiez b K DbœxZ Kivi Rb evav we køly wk f~wgkv cvjb K i? 28. GKwU evav we køly Ges GKwU Ôhviv K iõ/ Ôhviv K i bvõ vww Kvb wzbwu ÿ Î GKB ikg? 29. GKwU wba vi Ki Rb wk GKwUi ekx ÔKvh µ gi ms hvm vckõ _vk Z cv i? hw` nü v nq, Zvn j GKwU D`vniY w`b 30. ÔKvh µ gi ms hvm vckõ Ges ÔKvh µ gi ey bvõ Gi g a wkfv e Avgiv cv_ K Ki Z cvwi? 31. GKwU Ôhviv K iõ/ Ôhviv K i bvõ vwwi mgq h _ó msl K Ôhviv K iõ Lyu R cviqvi Rb Avcwb wk Ki Z cv ib? (hlb Avcbvi g b n e h, Av`k msl v A_v r 45 Rb cviqv hv e bv) GKwU D`vniY w`b 211

213 ক R ১৩: আম দর DBC ক ঠ ম অ শ - ২: নধ রmg~n র Ges Kvh µ gi ms hvm vckmg~n K wpwýz Kiv AR bwfwëk D Ïk vejx GB Kv Ri k l AskMÖnYKvixiv: evav we køly ev Ôhviv K iõ/ôhviv K i bvõ vww _ K GKwU WvUv mu ch v jvpbv Ki eb Zv `i AvPiYwUi Ges AMÖvwaKvi `jwui Rb me P q iæz c~y wba vik wj wpwýz Ki eb cöfvek `j (`j wj K) wpwýz Ki eb Zv `i AvPiY cwiez bi bkkv ˆZixi (DBC) KvVv gvi Rb AMÖvwaKvi wfwë Z `ybwu ev wzbwu ÔKvh µ gi ms hvvm vckõ wjl eb h wj h wba vik wj K wpwýz Kiv n q Q m wji mv _ স úwk Z mncvvx AskMÖnYKvix `i DBC KvVv gv wj ch v jvpbv Ki eb Ges MVbg~jK wdwe vk w` eb সময়: ১ ঘ DcKiYmg~n KvR - 3 n vûavdu ১: Lvwj DBC KvVv gv, mv _ KZK wj evowz Lvwj Kwc - G Z hfv e ejv Av Q mb fv e cö Z K QvU ` ji AvswkKfv e m úvw`z DBC KvVv gv wj cöwzwu QvU ` ji Rb WvUv mu wj (mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i Rb bvu `Lyb) hgb, KvR 11 n vûavdu ২: evav we køly WvUv mu wji bgybv ক R ১৩ n vûavdu ১: wba vikmg~n Ges Kvh µ gi ms hvm vckmg~n wpwýz Kivi wb ` kbv ক R 7 n vûavdu 1: iæz c~y wba vikmg~n h wj AvPiY K cöfvwez K i ক R 13 wd c PvU ১: কভ বগঠনম ল wdw&e vk w` Z nq wd c Pv U jlv cö Z K ` ji DBC KvVv gv wj hv `qv j UvOv bv _vk e ক R ১৩ n vûavdu ২: MVbg~jK wdw&e vk `Iqvi Rb ch v jvpbvi cökœmg~n MVbg~jK wdwe vk `Iqvi Rb KvMR I gvk vi mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i Rb bvu ছ টদল wj hv Z wba vikmg~n Ges Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj wpwýz Ki Z cv i mbrb Avcbv K KvR - 6 G Zviv h AvPiYwU wbe vpb K i Q mwu e envi K i cö Z K QvU ` ji Rb GKwU K i bgybv WvUv mu Zix Ki Z n e D`vni Yi Rb ÔKvR - 11 n vûavdu 2: evav we køl Yi bgybv WvUv mu wjõ `Lyb g b ivlyb h, DËi cö `vbkvix `i msl v h Avcbv K AšÍf~ ³ Ki ZB n e Ggb bq, ïay kzkiv D jøl Ki ji Pj e 212

214 ধ পসম 1. Zv `i DBC KvVv gvwu Zix Kivi Rb KvR - 6 G hfv e `j fvm Kiv n qwqj wvk mbfv e AskMÖnYKvix `i QvU QvU ` j em Z ejyb 2. bgybv (ev Avmj) vww _ K cövß WvUv wj w`b, hgb, KvR -11 Z, KvR -11, n vûavdu-2 _ K Avcwb h WvUv wj e envi K ib wb m wj w`b AskMÖnYKvix `i ejyb: GwU Avcbv `i AMÖvwaKvi `j _ K cviqv WvUv Ges Ôhviv K i/ hviv K i bvõ vww _ K ev evav we køly _ K Zv `i K djvdj wj `Lvb bvu: hw` Kg kvjvi AskMÖnYKvixiv nv ZKj g klvi mgqwu Z Ôhviv K i/ hviiv K i bvõ vwwi gva g WvUv msmön K i _v Kb Ges AvPiYwU hw` h Kvb GKwU ` ji KvVv gvi mv _ wg j hvq, Zvn j mb ` ji DwPZ Zv `i KvVv gv Zixi Kv R GB Avmj WvUv wj e envi Kiv 3. KvR -13, n vûavdu -1: wba vikmg~n Ges Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj wpwýz Kivi wb Ï kbv weziy Kiæb n vûavd U GB Kv Ri wb Ï kbv `Iqv Av Q; GwU Rv i Rv i co b Ges Kvb cökœ _vk j DËi w`b Rvi w` q ejyb h, cö Z K QvU `j K wba vikmg~n Ges Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj wpwýz Kivi Rb h WvUv mu wj `Iqv n q Q m wj e envi Ki Z n e 4. QvU QvU `j wj K Zv `i DBC KvVv gvi Dci KvR Ki Z w`b Ny i Ny i `Lyb Ges hw` Kv iv mvnv h i cö qvrb nq Zvn j Zv K mvnvh Kiæb 50 wgwbu ci, cö Z K QvU ` j wd cpvu Ges gvk vi w`b Zv `i DBC KvVv gvwu wd cpv U wjl Z ejyb Ges Zv `i KvVv gvwu Ges wba vikmg~n wpwýz Kivi Rb h WvUv mu e envi Kiv n q Q mwu `Iqv j UvwO q w` Z ejyb cö Z K QvU `j K Zv `i DBC KvVv gvwui cv k A_ev ` ji g~j KvVv gvwui cv ki Uwe j GKwU wdw&e vk/civgk KvMR (Zv `i ` ji b ^i A_ev bvgmn) ivl Z ejyb `j wj hlb iæ gi Pvwiw` K Ny i Ny i `L e ZLb civgk `Iqvi KvMRwU KvVv gvwui cv k ev Uwe ji Dci _vk e 5. MVbg~jK wdw&e vk `Iqv Ges wdw&e vk cökœvejx 5K. AskMÖnYKvix `i e vl v K i ejyb: GLb Avgiv Avgv `i DBC KvVv gvi Dci Avgv `i mnkg x `i ch v jvpbv Ges wdw&e vk _ K wkle Avgv `i DBC KŠkj K DbœZ Kivi Rb Ges Avgiv wvkgz eys Z cviwq wkbv Zv wbwðz Kivi Rb GwU GKwU fvj Dcvq wkš, ïiæ Kivi Av M, Avgiv Avcbv `i K MVbg~jK wdw&e vk `Iqvi GKwU byzb Dcv qi mv _ cwipq Kwi q w`e Ges Avcbv `i K KZK wj wdw&e vk cökœ w`e 5L. KvR-13, wd cpvu -1: wkfv e MVbg~jK wdw&-e vk w` Z nq GwUi wfwë Z MVbg~jK wdw&e vk `Iqvi h c wz wj AbymiY Ki Z n e m wj eo ` j ch v jvpbv Kiæb Kvb cökœ _vk j DËi w`b 213

215 5M. Rvi w` q ejyb h, civgk `Iqvi mgq AskMÖnYKvix `i Zv `i evk ïiæ Ki Z n e Ô Kgb nq hw`...? A_ev Ôhw` Ggb nq...?õg wji gva g hv Z BwZevPK w`k wji Dci Av jvkcvz Kiv nq Ges AcÖ qvrbxq j ^v e vl v Gwo q hviqv hvq, hviv wdw&e vk MÖnY Ki eb Zv `i DwPZ n e bv Zviv wk K i Qb Zvi c ÿ hyw³ `Lv bv ev wb Ri cÿ mg_ b K i wkqz ejv; Zv `i DwPZ n e ïay Ôab ev`õ ejv 5N. KvR -13, n vûavdu 2: MVbg~jK wdw&e vk `Iqvi ch v jvpbv cökœmg~n weziy Kiæb Ges KvD K cvv Kivi Rb Aby iva Kiæb AskMÖnYKvix `i ejyb, Zviv hlb Kvb wdw&e vk `Iqvi wpšív Ki eb ZLb hb GB cökœ wj we epbv K ib 6. DBC KvVv gv wj ch v jvpbv Kiv 6K. cöwzwu QvU `j K, wd cpvu -2 G h ch v jvpbvi cökœ wj Av Q m wj we epbvq i L cöwz 4-5 wgwbu AšÍi AšÍi Ab vb cö Z KwU ` ji UvOv bv DBC KvVv gv wj cixÿv K i `L Z ejyb Ges wd cpvu -1G h wb Ï kbv Av Q mwu AbymiY K i Zv `i K wjwlz wdw&e vk w` Z ejyb 6L. mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i mg qi w` K Lqvj ivl Z n e Ges ej Z n e KLb ciezx QvU ` ji KvVv gv Z m i h Z n e, Ges cö Z KwU `j hb cö Z KwU KvVv gv ch v jvpbv K i muv wbwðz Ki Z n e 6M. hlb cö Z KwU `j G K Aci K wdw&e vk `Iqv kl Ki e, ZLb Zv `i K wbr wbr KvVv gv Z wd i h Z ejyb Ges Zv `i mnkg x `i `Iqv gzvgz wj co Z ejyb wewfbœ `j _ K K qkrb K ejyb Zv `i Rb hwu me P q mvnvh c~y n q Q mb civgk wu c o kvbv Z A_ev hw` Kvb gzvg Zi Dci wkqz Rvbvi _vk j Zv ej Z ejyb 214

216 KvR-13 n vûavdu -1 wba vikmg~n Ges Kvh µ gi ms hvm vckmg~n wpwýz Kivi wb Ï kbv: Avcbvi QvU ` ji GKwU AvPiY Av Q hv Avcbviv GKwU AMÖvwaKvi ` ji g a DbœwZ Ki Z cv ib Avcbviv GLb GKmv _ bx Pi KvR wj Ki eb: h WvUv muwu Avcbv `i `Iqv n q Q (A_ev nv ZKj g klvi mg q h Avmj WvUv wj Avcbviv msmön K i Qb ) mlvb _ K GB AvPiYwUi mv _ Ges AMÖvwaKvi `jwui mv _ m úwk Z me P q iæz c~y wba vikmg~n wpwýz Kiæb KZK wj ÔKvh µ gi ms hvm vckõ cö Íve Kiæb h wj Avcbv `i g Z me P q ekx iæz c~y GB `jwu hb AvPiYwU MÖnY Ki Z cv i mb e vcv i mvnvh Kivi Rb cöfvek `j (`j wj K) wpwýz Kiæb bx Pi ধ c wj Avcbv K mwvkfv e mgq e envi Ki Z mvnvh Ki e ১ KvR-11 n vûavdu-1 Ges wd cpvu -1: Ôhviv K iõ/ôhviv K i bvõ vwwi djvd ji D`vniY Uvwj wmu _ K Avcbvi AvPiY Ges AMÖvwaKvi ` ji WvUv ch v jvpbv Kiæb ২ h DËi wj Z Ôhviv K iõ Ges Ôhviv K i bvõ Gi g a cv_ K kzkiv 15 Gi ekx mb DËi wj wpwýz Kiæb h `j ev `j wj Kg kvjvi nv ZKj g klvi mkb G cövß Avmj WvUv wj e envi Ki Qb, Avcbviv evav we køl Yi Uey jkb wmu hw` _v K Zvn j mwu ` L djvdj wji wel q wbwðz n q wbb 3 `ybwu ev wzbwu wba vik wpwýz Kiæb h wj me P q iæz c ~Y Ges m wj Avcbvi DBC KvVv gvi mwvk KjvgwU Z wjlyb `Lyb KvR-7, n vûavdu-1: iæz c~y wba vikmg~n h wj AvPiY K cöfvwez K i ৪ Avcbvi QvU ` ji DBC KvVv gvi Kvh µ gi ms hvm vckmg~ ni Kjv g KvR 12 Z wkfv e Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wjl Z nq mk b hv wk LwQ jb muvi Dci wfwë K i me P q iæz c~y cö Z KwU wba vi Ki Rb GKwU ev `ybwu K i Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wjlyb 215

217 KvR-13 wd cpvu -1 wkfv e MVbg~jK wdw&e vk w` Z nq hviv wdw&e vk `b Zviv Zv `i wdw&e vkwu MVb K ib cö kœi AvKv i hv ïiæ nq bx Pi evk vsk Øviv: কমন হয়.? ব Kgb nz hw`....? whwb wdw&e vk MÖnY Ki eb wzwb mvov w` eb GB e j: ধ ব দ! 216

218 KvR 13 n vûavdu-2 MVbg~jK wdw&e vk `Iqvi Rb ch v jvpbv cªkœmg~n: AvPiY cwiez b KvVv gv (DBC) bk&kvwu `Lyb Ges GB `ybwu cª kœi DËi w`b 1. KvVv gvwui wk wk fvj welq Av Q? 2. `j KvVv gvwu K wkfv e Av ivi fvj Ki Z cv i? GB cökœ wji DËi `Iqvi Rb bx Pi cöwzwu wm vší wj we epbv Kiæb AvPiY AvPiYwU KZ fvjfv e msávwqz Kiv n q Q? AvPiYwU cwigvc Kivi Rb wk h _ó cwi vi Ges h _ó ey bv Kiv n q Q? AMÖvwaKvi `j AMÖvwaKvi ` ji h ey bv `Iqv n q Q Zv KZUzKz we ÍvwiZ Ges h_vh_? GB Z_ wj wk AvPiY cwiez b KŠkj Zix Z mvnvh c~y? wba vikmgyn me P q iæz c~y wba vik wj wk mwvkfv e wbe vpb Kiv n q Q? wba vik wji wbe vpb K wk WvUv mg_ b K i? Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wba vi Ki mv _ wbe vwpz Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wji m úk KZUzKz KvQvKvwQ? Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj wk Kvh µ gi _ K wfbœ? Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj wk wba vikwui wel q wk Ki Z n e m wel q wkqz e j? 217

219 ক R ১৪: cök íi Kvh µg wj wbe vpb Kiv AR bwfwëk D Ïk vejx: GB Kv Ri k l AskMÖnYKvixiv: Kvh µ gi GKwU ZvwjKv wpwýz Ki eb h wji Øviv AMÖvwaKvi `j wji wewfbœ evavmg~n Ges h welq wj AMÖvwaKvi `j wj K cöfvwez K i m wji Dci KvR Kiv h Z cv i GB aviyvwu ch v jvpbv Ki eb h AvPiY cwiez bi (BC)Rb AvPiYwUi DcKvwiZv m ú K µgea gvb Ávb I Dcjw i PvB ZI Av ivi ekx wkqz cö qvrb GKwU Kvh µ gi h _v cvhy³zv wbwðz Kivi Rb wbe vpb Kivi gvb`ûwu cö qvm Ki eb cwikwíz BC cöwµqvi GKwU Ask ch v jvpbv Ki eb সময় ১ ঘ ২০ ম নট DcKiYmg~n: ক R-৩ wd cpvট র-১: DBC KvVv gv ক R -3 wdøcচ ট র-২: ৫ DBC wm vší (Kvh µ gi msáv K cövavb w` q) ক R-১৪ wd cpvu -১: cök íi Kvh µg wj wbe vpb Kivi bgybv g Wj ক R-১৪ wd cচ ট র-২: QvU ` j Av jvpbvi Rb cökœ: wkfv e mwvk Kvh µg wj wbe vpb Ki Z nq? ক R-১৪ n vûavdu-1: Dchy³ Kvh µg wj wbe vpb Kivi ÿ Î mvnvh c~y gvb`ûmg~n ক R-১৪ n vûavdu-2: Kvh µg wji mv _ wba vikmgy ni ms hvm vcb Kiv ধ পসম : 1 স চন 1.K. KvR-3 wd cpvu -1: DBC KvVv gv GwU Avevi UvwO q w`b Kvh µg wj wk wk Zv AskMÖnYKvix `i `Lvb e vl v K i ejyb evav we køly ev Ôhviv K i/hviv K i bvõ vww Z (d g wuf M elyv) h ÔKvh µ gi ms hvm vck wjõ wpwýz Kiv n q Q m wji Dci KvR Kivi Rb wkfv e Avgiv me P q Kvh Ki Kvh µg wj wbe vpb Ki Z cvwi Zv GLb Avgiv wkle ১.L. AskMÖnYKvix `i BC KŠk ji cöÿvc U ÔGKwU Kvh µgõ Gi msáv w` Z ejyb DËi wj ïbyb 1.M. KvR-3 wd cpvu -2: cvupwu DBC wm vší _ K AskMÖnYKvix `i K ÔKvh µ giõ e vl vwu `Lvb e vl v K i ejyb h, GKwU Kvh µg nj KZK wj Kv Ri GKwU mu h wj GKmv _ 218

220 ev Íevqb Kiv n j Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wji Dci KvR K i GKwU Kvh µg mvaviyz: GKwU Kvh wµqv w` q ïiæ nq ২. Kvh µ gi ZvwjKv we Í Z Kiv ২K. AskMÖnYKvix `i e vl v K i ejyb: GLb Avgiv KvVv gvi Dcv`vb ˆZix Ki Z ïiæ K iwq Ges GB KvR Kivi Rb Avgv `i K m Rbkxj n Z n e: Kvh µg wj Avcbv `i A b KiB wewfbœ ai bi Kvh µg Zix Kivi Ges m wj ev Íevqb Kivi A bk AwfÁZv Av Q, ত ই Avmyb, QvU ` j Av jvpbvi ga w` q Avgiv ïiæ Kwi Aek B, Avgv `i AwaKvsk cªkí wj ZB AMÖvwaKvi ` ji Rb cöwkÿy `Iqvi ev Ab Kvb ai bi wkÿvg~jk mkb cwipvjbv Kivi cö qvrb nq, myzivs Avmyb Avgiv GB Kgb KvR wji cvkvcvwk Ab ai bi Kvh µg wj wpšív Kwi AZx Z Avcwb wk ai bi Kvh µg e envi K i Qb A_ev cöwkÿy ev wkÿvg~jk Kv Ri cvkvcvwk Avi wk ai bi Kvh µ gi wel q Avcwb ï b Qb? we klfv e, Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wji Dci wkfv e KvR Ki eb mb wel q fveyb GLb, `qv K i Avcbvi ` ji m`m `i mv _ e m cöwkÿy ev wkÿvg~jk KvR Qvov Ab ai bi Kvh µ gi ZvwjKv cö Z Kiæb 2L. KvR-4 wd cpvu -1: cök íi Kvh µg wj wbe vpb Kivi bgybv g Wj wu AskMÖnYKvix `i wd cpv U `Lvb QvU `j wj wd cpv U wewfbœ ai bi Kvh µg wj wjl eb cöwkÿy ev Ab vb wkÿvg~jk Kvh µg wj hv ïa~gvî Ávb e w K i m wj D jøl Kiv Gwo q Pjyb QvU`j wj K ejyb, Kvh µgwu Kvb wba vikwu K Ges Kvb Kvb Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wji Dci KvR Ki e m wji hb Zviv wpwýz K ib Ges wd cpv U j Lb 2M. AskMÖnYKvix `i ejyb Zviv hb Zv `i wd cpvu wu `Iqv j UvwO q `b Zvici, wewfbœ ` ji KvR `Lvi Rb Zv `i K iæ gi Pvwiw` K Ny i Ny i `L Z (M vjwi IqvK&) ejyb 10 wgwbu ci, AskMÖnYKvix `i wr Ám Kiæb Zv `i Kvb cökœ Av Q wkbv Ges Zviv wk Zv `i Kvh µ gi mv _ mswÿß AvKv i Av ivi wkqz e vl v hvm Ki Z Pvb wkbv ৩. Kb G ai bi Kvh µg wbe vpb Kiv n q Q? QvU ` j Av jvpbv Kiæb 3K. AskMÖnYKvix `i wrávmv Kiæb: Kvh µg wj wbe vpb Kivi mgq Avcbviv wk ai bi gvb`û (criteria) e envi K i Qb? 3L. AskMÖnYKvix `i ejyb: GLb Avgiv wkqz Ôjob aids weziy Kie hvi g a nq Zv GKB ai bi gvb`û _vk Z cv i h wj Avcbviv BwZg a B D jøl K i Qb (hw` bv _v K, Zvn j nq Zv Avgiv G wj K hvm Ki Z cvwi) Avcwb nq Zv Ggb wkqz gvb`û `L eb h wj K Avcwb Av M wpšív K ibwb 3M. KvR-14 n vûavdu-1: Dchy³ Kvh µg wj wbe vpb Kivi mvnvh c~y gvb`ûmg~n Ges KvR-14 n vûavdu-2: Kvh µ gi mv _ wba vikmgyn mshy³ Kiv G wj weziy Kiæb wb ` kbvmgyn Ges ক R-১৪ wd cচ ট র-২: QvU ` j Av jvpbvi Rb cökœ: কভ ব স ঠ 219

221 Kvh µg wj wbe vpb Ki Z nq- G Z h cökœ wj Av Q m wj cvv Ki Z ejyb AskMÖnYKvix `i cö kœi DËi w`b 3N. 25 wgwbu ci, cöwzwu QvU `j _ K GKRb K n vûavdwui Dc hvwmzv m ú K Ges Zviv hfv e wd cpvu -2 Gi DËi w` q Qb muvi Dci Zvi ch eÿy wk Zv kqvi Ki Z ejyb AskMÖnYKvix `i cö kœi DËi w`b 4. KvRwU kl Kiv 4K. KvRwU kl Kiæb GUv D jøl K i h, cövq mgqb Avgiv h Kvh µg wj Ávb e w K i m wji Dci Rvi w` q A_ev ïa~gvî AvPi Yi DcKvwiZv wj ZvwjKvf~³ K i Kvh µ gi bk&kv Zix Ki Z cöjyä nb wkš Avgv `i g b ivl Z n e h, jv Kiv cwiez bi Kvb av c Av Q Ges Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj wk wk- G wji Dci wfwë K i Ab vb Kvh µg wj nq Zv Av ivi ekx Dchy³ Ges Kvh Ki n Z cv i hv `xn gqv`x AvPiY cwiez bi AbyNUK wnmv e KvR Ki e ৪খ. AvPiY cwiez b K h welq wj me P q ekx cöfvwez K i m wji Dci KvR Kivi Rb AskMÖnYKvixiv hlb Kvh µ gi wel q wm vší wb eb ZLb Zv `i K Zv `i n vûavdu wj e envi Ki Z ejyb 220

222 KvR-14 wd cpvu -1 cök íi Kvh µg wj wbe vpb Kivi bgybv g Wj Kvh µg নধ র র Kvh µ gi ms hv vckmg~n 221

223 ক R-১৪ wd cpvu -২ QvU ` j Av jvpbvi Rb cökœ: wkfv e mwvk Kvh µg wj wbe vpb Ki Z nq? wb Ï kbv vejx Avcbv `i QvU ` j, KvR - ১৪ n vûavdu-1: Dchy³ Kvh µg wj wbe vpb Kivi mvnvh c~y gvb`ûmg~n Ges ক R-১৪ n vûavdu - ২: Kvh µ gi mv _ wba vikmgy ni ms hvm vcb Kiv G wj ch v jvpbv Kiæb ` ji Kvb GKRb m`m D jøl K i Qb Ggb GKwU Kvh µg ev ez gv b Avcbvi Kvb GKwU cök í ev Íevqb Ki Qb Ggb GKwU Kvh µg wbe vpb Kiæb bx Pi cökœ wj e envi K i, `ybwu n vûavd U `Iqv gvb `Û wji ZvwjKv Abyhvqx GB Kvh µgwui wbe vpb cöwµqvwu we køly Kiæb 1. GB Kvh µgwu Kvb wba vik ev wba vik wj K D Ïk K i KvR K i? 2. GB Kvh µgwu wkfv e ÔAek B _vk Z n eõ ZvwjKvwUi cöwz mvov `q? KqwU ÔAek B _vk Z n eõ gvb`û wji cöwz GB Kvh µgwu mvov `q? 3. wkfv e GB KvRwU Ô_vK j fvj nqõ ZvwjKvwUi cöwz mvov `q? KqwU Ô_vK j fvjõ gvb`û wji cöwz GB Kvh µgwu mvov `q? 4. Avcbv `i QvU ` ji mv _ Av jvpbvi wfwë Z, wk g b nq Avcwb wk GB GKB ai bi Kvh µg wbe vpb Ki eb? Kb A_ev Kb bq? 222

224 KvR-14 n vûavdu-1 Dchy³ Kvh µg wj wbe vpb Kivi mvnvh c~y gvb`ûmg~n Avcbv `i wbe vwpz Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wji Dci Kvb& Kvb& Kvh µg wj me P q fvjfv e KvR Ki Z cvi e mb wel q Avcbviv hv Z GKgZ n Z cv ib mb Rb bx Pi gvb`û wj bk&kv Kiv n q Q Aek B _vk Z n e GKwU Kvh µ gi mdjzvi Rb Avcbv `i Aek B GB wzbwu gvb`û _vk Z n e Avcbviv h Kvh µgwu cö Íve K i Qb muv hw` GB mkj gvb`û c~iy K i _v K Zvn j Avcbviv mb Kvh µgwu wb q GwM q h Z cv ib wkš hw` GB wzbwui GKwU gvb`ûi Abycw Z _v K Zvn j Avcbv `i K Ab Kvb Kvh µg wpšív Ki Z n e ১. Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wji mv _ cövmw½kzv/m ú K Kvh µgwu BC (AvPiY cwiez b) Gi ÔKvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj KÕ mivmwi D Ïk K i KvR K i D`vniY ^iæc, hw` Kvh µ gi ms hvm vckwu nq Ô YMZgv bi ex Ri AwaK mnrjf ZvÕ, wkš Avgiv hw` mv ii e envi wel q Ávb e w Kivi Dci ekx Rvi w`b Zvn j AvPiY cwiez b NU e bv, KviY Kvh µgwui Øviv ÔKvh µ gi ms hvm vckwu KÕ D Ïk Kiv nq wb ২. m ve Zv AMÖvwaKvi ` ji AwaKvsk jvk Øviv mb v bi cwi ekmz Ges fšmwjk cöÿvc Ui g a _ K GB Kvh µg K ev Ívevqb Kiv m e D`vniY ^iæc, h me RvqMvq jv Kiv wew Qbœ Ae vq emevm K i mb me v b K lk I Zv `i cwievi `i c ÿ ˆ`wbK wgwus Kiv h _vchy³ n e bv m me v b gvwmk wgwus Kiv m e ৩. AMÖvwaKvi ` ji MÖnY Kivi ÿgzv Kvh µgwu mvs wzk I mvgvwrk cöÿvcu Abyhvqx Dchy³ D`vniY ^iæc, h me RvqMvq AwaKvsk jv Kiv K wlkv Ri wel q MÖv gi eq jvk `i KvQ _ K civgk bq mb me RvqMvq Kgeqmx Kg x `i gva g DbœZ K wl welqk cöhyw³evz v cvvv bvi KvR Ki j AMÖvwaKvi ` ji Kv Q wvkgz cšqv bv m e n e bv 223

225 _vk j fvj GKwU Kvh µ gi mdjzvi Rb bx Pi gvb `Û wj _vk j fvj Gi mewkqzb Avcbv `i _vk Z n e Zv bq Avcbvi cöÿvc U Kvb& wj me P q iæz c~y ïay m wj wbe vpb Kiæb ৪. Kvh Ki e q h cwigvy A_ e q Kiv n q Q mb Abyhvqx Kvh µgwu m ev Ëg dj Drcv`b Ki e hlb A bk wj Kvh µg _ K GKwU Kvh µg wbe vpb Ki Z n e ZLb Ggb Kvh µg wbe vpb Kiæb hwui gva g me P q Kg Li P Kvw LZ dj jvf Kiv hv e ৫. cšqv bv, mg`wk Zv, AšÍf ~³ GjvKvi we Í wz Kvh µgwui gva g AwaK msl K DcKvi fvmx i Kv Q b vqm½zfv e I mgzvi wfwë Z Dcv q cšqv bv m e Ggb ai bi Kvh µg wbe vpb Kiæb hvi gva g me P q ekx msl K DcKvi fvmx cšqv bvi m vebv i q Q, me P q `ye j hviv Zv `i Kv QI ৬. mev দ bi c wz Kvh µgwu GKwU Kvh Ki AeKvVv gv e envi K i `i Kv Q D`vniY ^iæc, msiwÿz Kgx iv, hv `i AwfÁZv i q Q Ges hviv mgv Ri jvk `i KvQ _ K wek vm AR b K i Qb DbœZ K wlkvr Ges m ú` e e vcbvi wel q evz v cö`v bi Kv R, Zviv mgv Ri jvk `i gv S DbœZ exr I K wlkv Ri miävgvw` DbœxZ Kivi Kv R mev cö`v bi GKwU g~j evb gva g/c wz wnmv e KvR Ki Z cv ib ৭. gš Yvj qi bxwzgvjv Kvh µgwu K HGjvKvi gš Yvj qi ez gvb bxwzgvjvi mv _ mgb q Kiv n q Q hw` Kvh µgwu ez gvb bxwzi mv _ mvgäm c~y bv nq, Zvn j nq Zv Kvh µgwu ev Íevq bi Av M bxwz cwiez bi Rb G vw& fv Kwmi KvR KivUv iæz c~y ৮. eûwea ÔKvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj KÕ D Ïk Kiv n q Q GKwU Kvh µg Øviv BC Gi A bk wj wba vik K D Ïk Kiv hvq D`vniY ^iæc, wkfv e AveR bv _ K ( Mvei, gvwu, KvMR, Kv Vi UzKiv, Kv Vi wgwn ouv, Lv` k m i kvum) Kqjv Zix Ki Z nq Zv cö`k b Ki j gv qiv wb RivB R vjvbxi Rb mvköqx g~ j i Kqjv cö Z Kivi `ÿzv I ^-ÿgzv AR b Ki Z cvi eb Gi d j, R vjvwb msmªn Kivi Rb Avi RvZxq cv K h Z n e bv, d j wkqz mgq e Pu hv e Ges mb mgquv e envi K i Av ivi eviwz wkqz Kvh µg Kiv h Z cv i ( hgb: Avqe w g~jk Kvh µg) d j h wba vik wj K D Ïk Kiv n e m wj nj: my hvmmyweav, Dcj BwZevPK djvdj, Dcj ^ÿgzv Ges c` ÿc MÖn Yi Dcj ^-ÿgzv (hv `i R vjvwb PvwjZ Pzjv ev cövk wzk Kqjv Kbvi mvg _ bvb Zv `i Rb Ave Rbv _ K Zix Kqjv nj R vjvwbi GKwU UKmB Drm) 224

226 ৯. cövwzôvwbk K vcvwmwu emikvix cöwzôvb (NGO) A_ev mgv Ri jvk `i Kvh µgwu ev Íevqb Kivi K vcvwmwu Av Q D`vniY ^iæc, gjg~î Z vm Kivi ci nvz aviqv wbwðz Kivi Rb cvqlvbv wji cv k nvz aviqvi RvqMv vcb Ki ji Kvh Ki djvdj bvi n Z cv i hw` mgv Ri ev NGOwUi cvwb mieivn ervq ivlvi ÿgzv bv _v K ১০. m ú `i mnrjf Zv Kvh Kifv e ev Íevqb Kivi Rb hme wbwï ó gvbe m ú` I e MZ m ú` cö qvrb m wj cökí GjvKvq mnrjf D`vniY ^iæc, h me RvqMvq Lye Kg msl K jvk iwwi evz v e envi K i mb me RvqMvi jvk `i K Kv_vq M j Zviv Zv `i cyivzb Rvj wji wewbg q wzb BwÂ Ô gm wmjõ Rvj c Z cv i Zv Rvbv bvi Rb iwwi evz v e envi Kiv hyw³hy³ n e bv ১১. ewa ZKiY hvm Kvh µgwu K Kvh Ki e q mv c ÿ Av ivi ewa Z Kiv m e D`vniY ^iæc, hw` Kvb GKwU NGO Gi eb iÿx KWvi ev `j _v K Ges hw` mikvii RvZxq cv K Kgx wb qv Mi Rb cöwzáve nq Ges Zviv hw` ey cövyx iÿv I wekí RxweKvi Dcvq wel q eq bzv `i mv _ `jxq Av jvpbv cwipvjbv K i _v Kb, Zvn j Zviv GKmv _ eb cövyx msiÿ bi KvRwU Ki Z cv ib hw` Kvb NGO Gi mkz e e vcbvi GKwU Kgx `j _v K Ges hw` vbxq nv Uj wj ch U bi Rb mgỳ ª mkz K iÿv Ki Z Pvq, Zvn j Zviv nq Zvev cörbb mg q mgy `ªi K Qc wj K iÿv Kivi Rb GKmv _ GKwU `j MVb Ki Z cv ib h nzz nv Uj wj e emvwqk w`kwui cöwzwbwaz K i, m Kvi Y GB ai bi hš_ AskxØvwi Z i g a ewa ZKi Yi m vebv _v K Ab vb GjvKvi mn hvmx nv Uj wji eb cövyxi AvKl Y wbwðz Kivi Rb GB e emvwqk D ` vm Gi mv _ RwiZ n Z cv ib KviY Zv `i K v q Uiv `L Z Pvq h eb cövyx wj myiwÿz Ae vq Av Q ১২. UKmB (mvm& UB bwewjwu) AvPiY cwiez bwu K (BC) UK&mB Kivi Rb Kvh µgwu Ae`vb ivl e D`vniY ^iæc, wkfv e PvivMv Qi hzœ wb Z nq m wel q AMÖvwaKvi `j K wkqz bv Rvwb q Ges/A_ev MvQ jvmv bvi wel q Zv `i g a hw` Kvb Dcj bwzevpk aviyv _ K _v K Zvn j m wj `~i bv K i hw` Zv `i g a d ji PvivMvQ weziy Kiv nq Zvn j GB KvRwUi ga w` q Kvb UK&mB `x N gqv`x PvivMv Qi hzœ wbwðz Kiv hv e bv 225

227 KvR-14 n vûavdu-2 Kvh µ gi mv _ wba vikmgyn mshy³ Kiv AvPiY cwiez bi wba vikmg~n my hvm myweav (AvPiYwU PP v Kivi Rb cö qvrbxq miävg ev mev cviqv K ZvUv KwVb) Dcj mvgvwrk ixwzbxwz (&GB Dcjw h, Kvb GK e w³i Kv Q h jv Kiv iæz c~y Zviv g b K ib h e w³wui AvPiYwU Kiv DwPZ ev DwPZ bq) Dcj BwZevPK djvdj/ Dcj bwzevpk djvdj (GKwU AvPiY PP v Kivi d j GKRb e w³ wk BwZevPK ev bwzevpk djvdj NU e e j g b K ib) bgybv Kvh µg: cywó evmvb Kivi miävgvw` weziy Kiæb e w gwbuwis Kivi Rb Ges Kvh µg wj DbœxZ Kivi Rb cöpvi cöpvibv cwipvjbv Kiæb mgv Ri mb vwbz MZvbyMwZK wpwkrmk `i wb qvm `vb Kiæb I cöwkÿy w`b hv Z Zviv Acywó `~i Ki Z mvnvh Ki Z cv ib Ges gv q `i K cywówelq K civg k w` Z cv ib `v`x ev bvbx `i K ÔcÖ qvrbxq cywó c` ÿcõ (ENA)Gic ÿ KvR Kivi Rb wb qvm `vb Kiæb, KviY Zviv n jb cwiev ii mb vwbz e vw³ we klfv e, wkï cwiph v I cywó wel q mgv Ri g a Qqgvm ch ší ïaygvî ey Ki `ya L q Q Ggb wkï `i D`vniY m wó Kiæb hv Z GUv `Lv bv hvq h, G Z Kvb ÿwz nq bv Ges G Z mwz Kvi A _ B wkïi Kg AmyL nq Ges wkïi IRb fvj nq AwaK cövwubhy³ Dc`vb wj w` q ivbœvi cö` kbxi Av qvrb 226 D`vniY Kvh µg: K wl I cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv (ANRM) DbœZ exr/mvi/evmvb I K wl DcKiY weziy Kiæb vbxq `vkvb wj K exr Ges DcKiY weµx Kivi Rb DrmvwnZ Kiæb K wl ^ Qv mek/ mwekvmy A bk cwigv Y DbœZ exr wk b Avevi c v KU Ki eb Ges K lk `i Kv Q mvkªqx g~ j wewµ Ki eb evrv i hv Z mn RB hviqv hvq mb Rb iv ÍvNvU givgz Kiæb AvaywbK K lk `j MVb Kiæb hlv b K lk `i `j wj bzyb Kvb wkqz Póv Kivi Rb GKgZ n eb MÖv gi eq `i Ges K lk `i x `i byzb Af vmwui DcKvwiZv wj m ú K AewnZ Kiæb Drcv`b e w, bzyb dm ji mdjzv, A_ev me P q fvj Drcv`b ev cï m ú `i Rb vbxq KZ cÿ `i Øviv cyi vi cö`vb Abyôv bi Av qvrb Kiæb K lk `i g a cwi`k b wewbg qi e e v Kiæb hv Z Zviv ci ú ii Kv Ri djvdj `L Z cv ib byzb PP vwui djvdj `Lvi Rb ÔcÖ`k bxi vbõ vcb Kiæb K l Kiv byzb dmj jvmvb A_ev SzuwK Kgv bvi Rb bzzb Kvb wkqz cö_ g ÿz`ª cwim i PP v K i ` Lb

228 c` ÿc MÖn Yi Bw½Z/g b Kwi q `Iqv ( Kvb e w³ wk Kvb wbwï ó AvPiY PP v Kivi welqwu ev avc wj g b ivl Z cv ib wkbv) Dcj ZxeªZv/ iæzizv (GUv wek vm Kiv h mgm vwu iæzi) Dcj ms e`bkxjzv/szuwk (GKRb e w³i Dcj h m wb R K mgm vwui Kv Q KZ `ye j g b K i) Dcj Hk wik B Qv (GKRb e w³ wek vm K i h m GB mgm vq co e wkbv ev mgm vwu _ K D vi cv e wkbv ev AvPiYwU PP v Ki e wkbv Zv Ck ii ev `e `ex `i B Qv) c` ÿc MÖn bi Dcj ^-ÿgzv (GB wek vm h, mgm vwu gvkv ejv Kiæb, hgb- wwg hv Z K i gv q `i `Lv bv hvq h, 6-11 gvm eqmx wkïiv cövyxrvz Lv` nrg Ki Z cv i, hv cöpwjz wek v mi wecixz K ji Kv Q `wo w` q mvevb eu a ivlyb hv jvk `i g b Kwi q w` e mvevb w` q nvz aviqvi K_v 6-24 gvm ch ší cö Z K eqmx wkï `i w` b KZevi Lvevi LvIqv DwPZ muv `Lv bvi Rb GKwU wfmyqvj GBW Zix Kiæb gv q `i b Z ejyb MZ gv m KZRb Acywó Z AvµvšÍ wkï WvBwiqv Z AvµvšÍ n q Q Ges mb msl vwu MZ gv m KZRb üócyó wkï WvBwiqv Z AvµvšÍ n q Q mb msl vi mv _ Zzjbv Ki Z ejyb mgv R kzkiv KZRb wkï Acywó Z AvµvšÍ Zv Rvbvi Rb e w gwbuwis Kiæb djvdj wj gv I evev `i mv _ kqvi Kiæb wj½ f ` mkj wkï `i Rb mgcwigv Y Lvevi `Iqv PP v Kivi wel q mg_ b cviqvi Rb ag xq bzv `i mv _ KvR Kiæb ag xq bzv `i Rb Lmov e³ Zv ev eqvb Zix K i w`b Positive Deviance/Hearth cwipvjbv Kiæb h nzz cö_g `yb mßv ni g a AwaKvsk wkïi `ib IRb evo e Ges 227 Pvivi mvwi wji g a KZ `yiz ivl Z n e Zv `Lv bvi Rb Ggb wkqz ˆZix Kiv hv Z g b Kwi q `Iqv hvq ciez x avc wj wk muv g b Kwi q `Iqvi Rb Kgx iv wfwuru Ki eb MZ cvup eq i KZ cwigvy Rwg ÿqcövß n q Q Ges KZ cwigvb Rwg Avi Pvlvev` hvm bq Zv wpwýz Kivi Rb mgv Ri g a Ny i Ny i `Lyb µgea gvb ÿzavz mgq we køly Kiv MZ hym wj Z hme bwzevpk cwiez b N U Q Ges wkfv e Kvh Z mgv Ri KDB mgm v wj Gov Z cv iwb GB welq wj ez gvb K lk I cïcvjk `i g b Kwi q `Iqvi Rb eq K lk `i Ges cïcvjk `i mv _ Av jvpbvi Av qvrb Kiæb ag xq bzv `i cöwkÿy w`b hv Z Zviv K lk `i GUv Dcjw Ki Z mvnvh K ib h, km PµveZ b Kiv Ges Rwg K wekövg `Iqv Zv `i cweî ag MÖ š mycvwik Kiv n q Q DbœZ ex Ri Drcv`b I MZvbyMwZK ex Ri Drcv`b Zzjbv Kiæb byzb mvi e env ii d j Drcv`b I MZvbyMwZK mvi e env ii d j

229 Kivi Rb GB c` ÿcwu Kvh Ki) Dcj ^ÿgzv/`ÿzv (GKRb e w³i wek vm h, m GKwU wbwï ó AvPiY P Pv Ki Z cvi e; GKwU wbwï ó AvPiY PP v Kivi Rb h `ÿzv ev hvm Zv cö qvrb Zv Zvi Av Q) bxwzgvjv (AvBb I bxwzgvjv hv AvPiY K Ges cb I mev MÖn bi my hvm myweav K cöfvwez K i) Zv `i AvKvi AvK wz I PvjPj b cwiez b Avm e ey Ki `ya LvIqv bvi mn hvmx `j MVb Kiæb hlv b gv qiv ey Ki `ya LvIqv bvi bvbvb mgm v wj KvwU q DV Z G K Ab K mvnvh Ki e Positive Deviance/Hearth cwipvjbv Kiæb hv Z gv q `i K ey Ki `ya LvIqv bvi Kvh Ki c wzwu klv bv hvq LvIqvi Z ji g a wfuvwgb G Ges gq`vi g a Avqib I wr¼ _vk Z n e Ggb GKwU gvb`û wba viy K i AvBb cvk Kivi Rb wkí gš Yvjq Ges vbxq fv³v `j wji mv _ KvR Kiæb Drcv`b Zzjbv Kiæb h gvwu Z cövk wzk miävg e eüz n q Q Ges h gvwu Z cövk wzk miävg e eüz nqwb Ggb gvwu wj Zzjbv Kiæb cö` kbxi v b `Lv bv h, mnr cvwb m Pi c wz e envi K i ïkbv gimy g dmj Drcv`b Kiv m e byzb PP vi djvdj wj Rvbvi Rb gwbuwis I g~j vq bi c wz Zix Kiæb wbwï ó Kvb PP vi BwZevPK djvdj wj `Lv bvi Rb G& wj e vckfv e kqvi Kiæb; hgb - hme cïcvj wj K wukv `Iqv n q Q m wji wu K _vkvi nvi bzzb `ÿzvwu wkfv e cö qvm Ki Z nq Zv cö`k b K i `Lvb Ges nv Z- Kj g PP v Ki Z w`b, hgb, MvQ jvmv bv Ges wwªc mp e e v vcb Kiv KxUbvk Ki Dci wbqš YbxwZ I AvBb cvk Kiv hv Z A ea c b i Avg`vbx mxwgz Kiv hvq cïcvlx cwiåg bi Dci AvBb Zix Kiv hv Z ivm Qov bv cöwz iva Kiv hvq Avg`vbxK Z c Y i cwie Z vbxq cy evrvirvzki Yi c ÿ AvBb Zix Kiv 228

230 KvR 15: wba vik wji mv _ evz v wj wgjv bv AR bwfwëk D Ïk vejx GB Kv Ri k l AskMÖnYKvixiv: evz v `Iqvi ez gvb PP vwui Drm I Kvh KvwiZv we køly Ki eb wba vik wji Dci wfwë K i Zix Kiv evz v wj h ekx Kvh Ki Zv Rvb Z cvi eb wba vik wji Dci wfwë K i evz v Zix Kiv PP v Ki eb সময় ১ ঘ উপKiYmg~n KvR 15 wd cpvu 1: wba vikwfwëk evz vi D`vniY KvR 15 n vûavdu 1: wba vi Ki mv _ evz v wgjv bv KvR 15 n vûavdu 1: Gi DËigvjv (cwiwkó 3 G cviqv hv e) Hw QK: wba vikmg~ ni Ges welq ev AvPi Yi Rvov D`vniY ধ পসম হ ১. স চন ১K. AskMÖnYKvix `i ejyb: h nzz Avgiv DBC KvVv gv Zixi cövq kl ch v q cš Q MwQ, ZvB Pjyb GLb Avgiv wkqz mgq wb q evz v m ú K Av jvpbv Kwi Avwg wbwðz h BwZg a Avcbviv eys Z c i Qb ïa~gvî Ávb `Iqvi gva g AvPiY cwiez b (BC) Kiv hvq bv wkš, ez gv b Avgiv h evz v wj e envi Kwi m wji AwaKvskB bk&kv Kiv n q Q jvk `i K ïaygvî Z_ wj `Iqvi Rb hgb, AvPiYwUi DcKvwiZv wj wk wk mb wel q 1L. AskMÖnYKvix `i ejyb wkqz evz vi D`vniY w` Z hv Zviv mvavibz ` L _v Kb ev e envi K ib D`vniY wj n Z cv i hgb - MvQ jvmvb, fvj dm ji Rb mvi e envi Kiæb, QvU cwievi mylx cwievi ev g v jwiqv _ K evpuvi Rb KxUbvkK gkvixi bx P Nygvb BZ vw` cökœ Kiæb, GB evz v wji welqe mvaviyz wk evz v enb K i ev wk cökvk K i, D`vniY ^iæc, AvPiYwU PP vi Kivi iæz ev DcKvwiZv cökvk K i 1M. AskMÖnYKvix `i wrávmv Kiæb: Avcbv `i KZ wj cök íi g a hvmv hvm KŠkj Av Q? 1N. AskMÖnYKvix `i ejyb: GB mg Í Av jvpbvi cöwÿ Z Avgiv GLb Av jvpbv Kie wba vikwfwëk evz v Zix Kivi Rb Avgiv wkfv e d g wuf M elyv e envi Ki Z cvwi hv Avgiv cwipvjbv K iwqjvg 229

231 ২. evz v wji Drm 2K. AskMÖnYKvix `i wrávmv Kiæb: Avcbv `i cök í h evz v wj Avcbviv ` Lb ev e envi K ib, m wj mvaviyz Kv_v _ K Av m? Ggb DËi Avm Z cv i h: Ôd v±m& Ae jvbdõ ( lifegeobal.org/) _ K, ^v gš Yvjq _ K, K wl gš Yvjq _ K ev cövk wzk m ú` gš Yvjq _ K 2L. AskMÖnYKvix `i wrávmv Kiæb: GB evz v wji bk&kv Kb Kiv n q Q? DËi wji g a _vkv DwPZ: G wj nj wk Ki Z n e m wji wb ` kbv Ges Kvb wkqz Kiv Kb iæz c~ Y ev Gi wk wk DcKvwiZv Av Q Zv KvD K ejvi Rb G wj K bk&kv Kiv n q Q 2M. AskMÖnYKvix `i wrávmv Kiæb: GLb h nzz Avcbviv wba vik m ú K Ges Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck m ú K Rv bb, Avcbv `i wk g b nq GB ai bi evz v wj wb Riv wb Riv KZUzKz Kvh Ki A_ev ïaygvî GB evz v wj KZUzKz Kvh Ki n e? DËi wji g a _vkv DwPZ: Lye GKUv Kvh Ki bv A_ev mxwgz Kvh KvwiZv 2N. AskMÖnYKvix `i wrávmv Kiæb: GB evz v wj cwiez bi Kvb avc wj K wb ` k K i? DËi n e: mvaviyz, c~e -cö wz 2O. AskMªnYKvix `i GB cökœwu wrávmv K i kl Kiæb: Avcwb wk g b K ib ïaygvî GB ai bi evz v wj AvPiY cwiez b K (BC) DbœxZ Ki e? Zv `i DËi niqv DwPZ: bv! ৩. evz v wji byzb Drm 3K. AskMÖnYKvix `i wrávmv Kiæb: Avgiv hw` GB wm v ší Avwm h, cyiv bv ai bi evz v wj AvPiY cwiez b Ki Z cvi e bv, Zvn j Avcbviv wk g b K ib Av ivi Kvh Ki evz v ˆZix Kivi Rb Avgiv wkfv e Avgv `i d g wuf M elyvi djvdj wj e envi Ki Z cvwi? DËi wji g a _vkv DwPZ: wba vik wji I Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wji Dci wfwë K i evz v ˆZix K i bvu: GB cöwkÿ Yi Ask wnmv e Avcwb hw` Ôhviv K i/hviv K i bvõ vwwi A_ev evav we kølyi Kvb gnov K i _v Kb, Zvn j AskMÖnYKvix `i wrávmv Kiæb, Zviv h d g wuf M elyvwu K i Qb muvi djvdj wkfv e Zviv h evz v wj ˆZix Ki eb AvPiYwU DbœxZ Kivi Rb m wj K cöfvwez Ki e 3L. GKwU wba vik K GKwU AvPi Yi mv _ hy³ K i GKwU D`vniY w`b: ÔKvR 15 wd cpvu 1: wba vikwfwëk evz vi D`vniYÕwU `Lvb hlv b jlv Av Q : Ôgv qiv! Qq gvm ch ší wkï K ey Ki `ya LvIqv bvi Rb cö Z K gv qib h _ó ey Ki `ya _v K wvkgz Lvb Ges Avcbvi wkï K e o DV Z `Lyb!Õ AskMÖnYKvix `i cökœ Kiæb GB evz vwu Kvb wba vi Ki mv _ hy³ DËi nj: Dcj ^-ÿgzv/`ÿzv 230

232 4. Kvh Ki evz vi Yvejx 4K. e vl v K i ejyb h, GKwU Kvh Ki evz v K Aek B d g wuf M elyvi Øviv cövß iæz c~ Y Z_ wj K jÿ K i Zix Ki Z n e 4L. evz vwui DwPZ n e: evz vwu h jvk `i K_v wpšív K i Kiv n q Q Zv `i bvg D jøl Kiv d g wuf M elyvi Dci wfwë K i ˆZix ( iæz c~y wba vikmg~n Ges Kvh µ gi ms hvm vckmg~n) QvU 5 evz v MBg wgjv bv Dc `kg~jk (Av `k) wµqv e envi Kiv Lye ekx AvÿwiK hb bv nq (ïay k ãi ci kã bq ev e³ Zvg~jK bq) jv Kiv BwZg a B h mvaviy DcKvwiZv wj Rv b m wj AbÍf ~³ bv Kiv (D`vniY ^iæc, GUv ej eb bv, Ôg v jwiqv cöwz iva Kivi Rb KxUbvkK gkvix e envi KiæbÕ) 5K. KvR-15 n vûavdu 1: wba vi Ki mv _ evz v wgjv bv GwUweZiY Kiæb AskMÖnYKvix `i e vl v K i ejyb LjvwU wkfv e Lj Z n e Ges Zv `i 10 wgwbu mgq w`b 5L. cwiwkó-3 Gi KvR 15 n vûavdu 1 Gi DËigvjv Gi mv _ AskMÖnYKvix `i DËi wj wgwj q `Lyb e vl v K i ejyb h wkqz evz v wj K GKUz wfbœfv e e vl v Kiv n q Q 6 Hw QK Kvh µg: wba vik wji Dci wfwë K i evz v wji bkkv Kiv 6K. AskMÖnYKvix `i Pvi ev cvup Rb K i QvU QvU ` j fvm Kiæb Ges cö Z K ` ji Rb Zv `i cªk íi mv _ m úwk Z `ybwu wba vik Ges welq ev AvPi Yi D `vniy w`b g b ivlyb h, GKwU wel qi Dci wfwë K i evz v Zix Kivi PvB Z GKwU cö `Ë Av` k AvPi Yi Dci wfwë K i evz v Zix Kiv AskMÖnYKvix `i Rb mnr n e D`vniY ^iæc, Dcj mvgvwrk ixwzbxwz Ges Qqgvm eqm ch ší wkï K ïa~gvî ey Ki `ya LvIqv bv my hvm myweav Ges cwic~ik Lvevi `Iqv c` ÿc MÖn Yi Dcj ^-ÿgzv Ges nvumgyimx NovI/eÜ K i ivlv Dcj ZxeªZv/ iæzizv Ges MvQcvjv jvmv bv 231

233 6L. cö Z K QvU `j K welq ev AvPiYwUi mv _ m úk i L GKwU MZvbyMwZK bgybv evz v wd cpv U wjl Z ejyb Zvici Zv `i K wba vi Ki Dci wfwë K i Av ikwu evz v wjl Z n e 6M. QvU `j wj K Zv `i wd cpvu wu `Iqv j UvwO q w` Z ejyb Zvici, AskMÖnYKvix `i G K A b i KvR `Lvi Rb iæ gi Pvwiw` K Ny i Ny i `L Z ejyb (M vjvwi IqvK) 7. GB e j kl Kiæb h, d g wuf M elyv Ges wba vikmg~n I Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wji wel q Avgv `i h Ávb Av Q m wj Avgv `i evz v I hvmv hvm cwikíbv Zix Z e envi Kiv DwPZ hv Z G wj AvPiY cwiez b K (BC) Zivwš^Z Kivi Kv R Av ivi Kvh Ki f~wgkv cvjb Ki Z cv i 232

234 KvR-15 n vûavdu 1 wba vi Ki mv _ evz v wgjv bv evg w` Ki Kjv gi evz vwui mv _ Wvbw` Ki h wba vikwui mv _ Gi me P q ekx wgj Av Q mwui g a GKwU jvbb U b hy³ K i wba vi Ki mv _ evz v wgjvb ব তর ১. Mf ezx gwnjviv! Avcwb Avcbvi Avqib ewo LvIqvi K_v g b ivl Z cvi eb GK `vm Avqib LvIqvi ga w` q Avcbvi w`b ïiæ Kiæb ২.gv qiv! Avcbviv GKv bb! Avcbvi wb Ri gv Rv bb h ey Ki `ya me P q DËg! 3. gv qiv! QvU QvU mkj Q j g q `ib ivzkvbv ivm n Z cv i Zv `i K wfuvwgb G w`b! ৪. evev gv qiv! cövk wzk c wz Z cwievi cwikíbv cvc bq! Mf wb iv ai mkj wekí wj we epbv K i `Lyb ৫. gv qiv! fvj ^v K Ae njv Ki eb bv! Avcwb Avcbvi wkïi Lvev i mwvk cwigv Y Zij hvm Ki Z cv ib ৬. শশ র! w` b `ybevi `vuz eªvk Ki Ges Zvgvi K v ki me P q AvKl bxq nvwmwu n e Zvgvi ৭. K l Kiv! Avcbvi cwievi K mȳ ^v ivlyb Kgjv i Oi wgwó Avjy Drcv`b Kiæb Ges ivzkvbv ivm cöwz iva Kiæb ৮. gv qiv! Wvqwiqv Avcbvi UvKv Avi mgq bó K i cöwzevi cvqlvbv e envi Kiæb ৯. Avgiv cövbeší I MwZkxj! Pjyb mg qi mv _ cwiewz Z nb Ges wudei q ji cwi vi cvwb cvb Kwi ১০. eüziv! GUv GLbI Avcbvi me P q Lvivc kµ cöwzevi KbWg e envi Kiæb ১১. evev gv qiv! Avcbviv wk Rv bb? Amȳ wkï `i Rb ^v mev GLb webvg~ j cvihv hvq! my hvm MÖnb Kiæb! ১২. gv qiv! Avcbvi me P q Kv Qi ^v K `ª wfuvwgb G cviqv hvq নধ র র Dcj ^-ÿgzv/`ÿzv Dcj BwZevPK djvdj Dcj bwzevpk djvdj Dcj mvgvwrk ixwzbxwz c` ÿc MÖn Yi Bw½Z/g b Kwi q `Iqv c` ÿc MÖn Yi Dcj ^ÿgzv সs wz my hvmmyweav bxwzgvjv Dcj ms e`bkxjzv/szuwk Dcj Hk wik B Qv Dcj ZxeªZv/ iæzizv 233

235 KvR 16: AvPiY cwiez b KŠkj gwbuwis Kiv 16 AR bwfwëk D Ïk vejx GB Kv Ri k l AskMÖnYKvixiv: AvPiY cwiez bi (BC) KŠkj ev Íevqb gwbuwis Kivi Rb wkqz miävg (Uzj&m) wpwýz Ki eb KZ mgq ci ci GKwU AvPiY KŠkj gwbuwis Kiv Dchy³ muv wvk Ki eb (BC) KŠkj Ges AvPiYwUi g a cv_ K Ki eb) BC gwbuwis c wzi gva g h WvUv wj msmön Kiv n e m wji Dci wfwë K i wm vší biqv PP v Ki eb সময় ৪৫ ম নট উcKiYmg~n Index KvW wj Ges mv _ WvUv msmö ni Uzj&m wji D`vniY KvR 16 n vûavdu 1: AvPiY cwiez b KŠkj gwbuwis qi m~pkmg~n ধ পসম হ ১. স চন ১K. AskMÖnYKvix `i e vl v K i ejyb: Avgv `i mgvr Dbœqb cök íi Ab vb Dcv`vb wj K cwigvc Kivi Rb hgb GKwU c wzi cª qvrb nq, wvk mbfv e Avgv `i AvPiY cwiez b (BC) KŠk ji AMÖMwZ Rvbvi Rb gwbuwis Kivi cö qvrb Av Q GKwU gwbuwis c wzi gva g Avcwb Avcbvi BC KŠkjwUi ev Íevqb Ges Kvh KvwiZv KZUzKz AMÖmi n q Q Ges Kvb ch v q cšu Q Q Zv AbymiY Ki Z cvi eb GwU Avcbvi mvwe K gwbuwis c wzi Ask, Avjv`v wkqz bq GB Kvi Y, cövmövg ZixKvix `i DwPZ cwigv ci h c wz BwZg a B ez gvb Av Q muvb hz`~i m e e envi Kiv, hgb - evwl K KPC Rwic(Knowledge, Practice and Coverage), LQAS (Lot Quality Assurance Sampling) Rwic, K wl welqk ewa Z ikw Ges ^v I cywó wel q wk wbk ikw ২. gwbuwis Uzj&m wpwýz Kiv 2K. AskMÖnYKvix `i QvU ` j fvm Kiæb, Ges cö Z K `j K WvUv msmö ni Uzj&m wji D`vniYmn wzbwu ev PviwU Bb W KvW weziy Kiæb AvPib cwiez Y KŠk ji gwbuwis Ges g~j vqb welqwu hw`i cªk íi e e vck `i Rb &GKwU iæz welq wkš y GB welqwu GB Kg kvjvi Avq Ëi evb i m Kvi b GB KvwiKzjv gi jl Kiv GB welqwu K KZ wj g~j avibvi g a mxgve i L Qb 234

236 2L. KPC এব LQAS Gi mv _ h D`vniY Uzj&m wj hvm Kiv n q Q m wj Z Av Q: ^v I cywói Rb : wkï wbeüb (wukv`v bi AbycvZ), wkï e w KvW, mgvwß mvÿvrkvi mevi YMZgvb m ú K c~e aviyv I mwz Kv ii mevi gvb), mg_ b `j wji Dcw wzi ZvwjKv, wk wb K wewfbœ ikw ( hgb- nvmcvzv j Rb, Rb c~eezx hzœ), gšwlk gqbv Z` šíi wi cv Umg~n, kövzvi Rwic ( hgb- MYgva g wkÿv), wgwus qi wgwbu&m, gvb DbœwZKiY I mz cöwzcv` bi ZvwjKvmg~n K wl I cövk wzk m ú `i (ANR) Rb : wewµi BbcyU ik W ( hgb - mvi, KxUbvkK), cvv ch eÿ bi PK&wj, wezi Yi ikw, Bb fb&uwi ikw mgyn, Kvb wbwï ó k m i evrv i mnrjf Zv, mycviwfkb dg wj, gvv cvvkvjvq K lk `i Dcw wzi ZvwjKv, kövzvi Rwic (MYgva g), wgwus qi wgwbu&m, mgvr Dbœqb Kg x `i gvb Dbœqb Ges hvpvb Ki Yi ZvwjKv ( দখ 2M. QvU `j wj K Av jvpbv Ki Z ejyb wkfv e GB Uzj&m wji Øviv GKwU AvPiY cwiez b KŠk ji ev Íevqb Ges/A_ev Gi Kvh KvwiZv K cwigvc Kiv/ AbymiY Kiv h Z cv i 2N. cö Z K `j K ejyb GKwU ev `ywu Uzj&m Ges wkfv e m wj e eüz n Z cv i m m ú K ej Z (cybive wë bv K i) 3. KZ mg qi e eav b ev KZ evi gwbuwis Kiv cö qvrb 3K. AskMÖnYKvix `i cökœ Kiæb: BC KŠk ji mkj AvPiY, Kvh µg, djvdj (AvDUKvg) Ges Ab vb Dcv`vb wj K wk GKB mg qi e eav b (GKB evi) gwbuwis Kivi cª qvrb Av Q? Zv `i DËi niqv DwPZ n e - ÔbvÕ Zvici cökœ Kiæb: Kb ev Kb bq? 3L.AskMÖnYKvix `i cökœ Kiæb: gwbuwis Kvh µ gi mgqkvj K Kvb welq wj cöfvwez K i? AskMÖnYKvix `i mv _ wpšívi So Zzjyb Ges aviyv wj wd cpv U wjlyb DËi wj n Z cv i: mkj cövmªv gi gwbuwis wm gi mv _ hvmv hvm iÿv Kiv, KZ mgq ci ci GKwU cwikwíz Kvh µ gi AvPiY cwiewz Z nq, AvPiYwU cwiez b Kiv K ZvUv KwVb Ges Kg xi mnrjf Zv 4. BC KŠk ji gwbuwis m~pk wj 4K. KvR 16 n vûavdu 1: AvPiY cwiez b KŠkj gwbuwis qi m ~PKmg~n Gi WvqvMÖvgwU e vl v Kiæb Ges AskMÖnYKvix `i cö kœi DËi w`b 4L. Rvi w` q ejyb h hw` AMÖvwaKvi `j I cöfvek `j wj GB Dfq ` ji mv _ KvR Kiv nq Ges gvbmb Z Kvh µg wj (AvDUcyU m~pk wj `Lyb) ev Íevqb Kiv nq wkš hw` AvPiY 235

237 cwiez b bv N U, Zvn j cökí cwikíbvkvix `i cö_ g wbe vwpz Kvh µg wj Dchy³ wkbv Zv hvpvb K i `L Z n e, Zvici, wba vikmg~ ni Dci M elyvag x vwwi gva g Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj K hvpvb Ki Z n e ৫. Uzj&m, KZ mg qi e eav b ev KZevi gwbuwis Kiv cö qvrb Ges WvUv-wfwËK wm vší MÖnY GB wzbwu cöavb aviyv wj mvigg Kiæb AskMÖnYKvix `i cö kœi DËi w`b 236

238 KvR 16 n vûavdu 1 AvPiY cwiez b KŠk ji Rb gwbuwis m~pkmg~n wba vwiz Rb Mvwôi (অMÖvwaKvi `j Ges cöfvek `j wj) m~pk wj K (cöwµqv) gwbui Kiv nq GKwU wbqwgz WvUv msmö ni c wz Øviv ( hgb - gwbuwis) Kvh µ gi m~pk wj K (cöwµqv I AvDUcyU) gwbui Kiv nq wbqwgz Z_ WvUv msmön ev AwbqwgZ `ªæZ Rwic Gi mvnv h AvPi Yi m~pk wj K (AvDUKvg, m ez GKwU cökí m~pk) gwbui Kiv nq KPC (Knowledge, Practice and Coverage) Rwic Gi gva g Ges erm i GKevi LQAS (Lot Quality Assurance Sampling) ev Sentinel site samples Gi Øviv hw` wba vwiz Rb Mvwô wji Kv Q Avgiv cšuqv Z cvwi Ges YMZ Kvh µg wj (AvDUcyU m~pk wj `Lyb) hw` ev Íevqb Kiv nq wkš hw` AvPi Yi cwiez b bv nq, Zvn j, cö_ g, cö_g ch v q h Kvh µgwu wbe vpb Kiv n qwqj muvi Dchy³Zv c~bev i hvpvb Kiæb Zvici, wba vi Ki Dci M elyv vwwi gva g Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj K cybev i hvpvb Kiæb hw` wba vwiz Rb Mvôxi Kv Q cšqv bv hvq, gvbmb Z Kvh µg wj ev Íevqb Kiv nq Ges AvPiY hw` cwiewz Z n Z _v K Zvn j Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj K gwbui Kiv ev c~b we epbv Kivi Kvb cö qvrb bb 237

239 KvR 17: Avgv `i DBC KvVv gv Ask-3: Kvh µg wj cwikíbv Kiv AR bwfwëk D Ïk vejx: GB Kv Ri k l AskMÖnYKvixiv, Zv `i AvPiY cwiez b bkkv Zixi (DBC) KvVv gvi cö_g PviwU Kjvg ch v jvpbv Ki eb Ges ms kvab Ki eb (hw` cª qvrb nq) h Kvh µg wj Zv `i KvVv gv wji ÔKvh µ gi ms hvm vck wjõ K D Ïk K i KvR K i m wj K wbe vpb Ki eb Zv `i KvVv gvi cöwzwu Kvh µg e Q biqvi Av M we kl wbe vpb gvb`û e envi Ki eb Kvh µg wji welqe wek` ey bv Ki eb hv Z Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wji mv _ Zv `i m úk cwi vifv e evsv hvq GKwU wgkª Kvh µg Zix Ki eb h wj GKmv _ mkj ÔKvh µ gi ms hvm vck wjõ K D Ïk K i KvR Ki e Hw QK: AvPiYwUi Rb wjwlz m~pkmg~n, AMÖvwaKvi `j I Kvh µg wj Hw QK: wjwlz wba vikwfwëk evz vmg~n avcmg~n ১. স চন ১K. AskMÖnYKvix `i ejyb: GB As k Avgiv Avgv `i KvVv gv Zixi KvR Pvwj q hve Ges ÔKvh µgmg~nõ bv g h Kjvg Av Q muv m ú~y Kie GB ch ší Avcbvi hzuv KvR n q Q Zv `qv K i cybivq `Lyb Ges hw` Kvb ms kva bi cª qvrb _v K Zvn j ms kvab Kiæb 1L. KvR-13 n vûavdu-2: MVbg~jK wdw&e vk `Iqvi Rb ch v jvpbvi cökœmg~n G AskMÖnYKvix `i wd i h Z ejyb Zv `i K K qk wgwbu mgq w`b hb Zviv cökœ wj MvBW wnmv e e envi K i Zv `i DBC KvVv gv wj ch v jvpbv Ki Z cv ib 2. Kvh µg wj cwikíbv Kiv 2K. KvR-17 n vûavdu-1: Kvh µg wj cwikíbv Kivi wb ` kbv GwU weziy Kiæb AskMÖnYKvix `i mv _ GwU ch v jvpbv Kiæb Ges KvR wji wel q Kvb A úózv _vk Z m wj cwi vifv e eyws q w`b AskMÖnYKvixiv KvR-13 Z h ÔKvh µ gi ms hvm vck 238

240 wjõ wpwýz K iwq jb m wj wb q wpšív Ki eb Ges G wj K mivmwi Zv `i DBC KvVv gv Z vbvšíi Ki eb 2L. AskMÖnYKvix `i ejyb, Av Mi mk b weziy Kiv n vûavdwui g a h wbyv qk ev gvb`û mwu we køly Ki Z ejyb Ges GB we køl Yi wfwë Z h Kvh µg wj K Zv `i g b n e me P q fvjfv e ÔKvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj KÕ D Ïk K i KvR Ki e m wj K wpwýz Ki Z ejyb 2M. Hw QK: `jwu hw` Av ivi DbœZZi nq Zvn j Zv `i K AvPiYwUi Rb, AMÖvwaKvi `jwui Rb Ges Kvh µ wji Rb m~pk wji wjl Z ejyb Ges Zv `i Kvh µ gi Rb Dchy³ KZK wj wba vikwfwëk evz v wjl Z ejyb 2N. e vl v K i ejyb h, AskMÖnYKvixiv 45 wgwbu mgq cv eb Zv `i ` j Kvh µ gi cwikíbvi KvR Kivi Rb Ges m wj Zv `i KvVv gv wj Z AšÍf ~³ Kivi Rb GUv wbwðz Kiæb hb AskMÖnYKvixiv hb Dfq ai bi Kvh µ gi wel q D jøl K ib h wj e w³mz/cvwievwik ch v q N U Ges e nëi mgvwrk ev cöwzôvwbk cwim i N U ( hgbmikvix gš Yvjq wj) 2O. hlb kl n e, `j wj K ejyb Zv `i KvVv gvi wd cpvu wj `Iqv j UvwO q w` Z A_ev Zv `i e w³mz KvVv gv wj Avcbvi nv Z w` q w` Z 239

241 KvR-17 n vûavdu-1 Kvh µg wj cwikíbv Kivi wb ` kbvmg~n 1. KvR-13 Z h wba vikmg~n Ges Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj K Avcbviv wbe vpb K iwq jb Ges KvbwU wbe vpb Ki eb Zv wba viy Kivi Rb h WvUv muwu Avcbviv e envi K iwq jb m wj ch v jvpbv Kiæb 2. cö Z KwU Kvh µ gi ms hvm vc Ki Rb, GKwU Kvh µg wbe vpb Kiæb Ges ey bv Kiæb h Kvh µgwu Avcwb ev Íevqb Ki eb DcKvwiZv wj K Av ivi Rvi`vi Kivi Rb, evav wj `~i Kivi Rb ev Kwg q `Iqvi Rb ev Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck K D Ïk K i KvR Kivi Rb D`vniY AvPiY Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj Kvh µg wj wba vwiz R j Rb Mvwô me mgq MZ cvqlvbvq gj Z vm K i ১. GB PZbv e w Kiæb h MZ cvqlvbv Zix Kiv LyeB mnr ১. cvqlvbv Zixi GKwU cö`k bxi Av qvrb Kiæb Ges MÖvgevmx `i `Lvb h Zviv KZ mn R GKwU cvqlvbv Zix Kiv wkl Z cv ib ২.GB PZbv e w Kiæb h cvqlvbv e envi Kivi gva g Zv `i ^v I cwi ek DbœZ n e 2. iwwii gva g cöpvi Abyôvb Zix Kiæb hlv b R jiv K_v ej eb wkfv e Zv `i GLb c Ui cxov Kg nq Ges Kg WvBwiqv nq Ges Zviv GLb Kgb Lykx mgỳ ª mk Zi ez gvb Ae v ` L GB mg Í wel q 2.mgỳ ª mk Zi Av Mi Qwe I c ii Qwe `Lvb ৩. MZ cvqlvbv e envi Ki Z cvivi my hvm myweav e w Kiæb ৪.GB PZbvwU kw³kvjx Kiæb h GKRb fvj gymjgvb mgỳ ª mk Z ev Ab vb cövk wzk mš ` h i v b gj Z vm K ib bv 3. h R jiv cvqlvbv Zix Kivi wm vší wb eb Zviv hv Z AMÖvwaKvi wfwë Z ^í my ` FY c Z cv ib mb Rb vbxq ÿz`ª FY cö`vbkvix ms vmg~ ni mv _ Pzw³ Kiæb 4.gymwjg bzv `i Rb e³ Zvi Lmov Zix K i w`b hlv b Kviv bi AvqvZ wj _vk e ( hgb - myiv 5:6) hv Z GKRb fvj gymwjg wnmv e Ggb GKRb gvby li wpî Zz j aiv hvq whwb mgỳ ª mk Z gj Z vm K ib bv 240

242 ৩. wbwðz Kiæb h Avcwb GKwU wgkª Kvh µg e Q wb q Qb hv: AMÖvwaKvi ` ji Ges cöfvek `j wji h _ó jv Ki Kv Q cšqvq cö Z K `j K c` ÿc Mªn Yi Rb GKwU cwi vi Avnevb Rvbvq mkj ÔKvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj KÕ D Ïk K i KvR K i evav wj Kwg q w` q DcKvwiZv wj evwo q `q GKmv _ KvR K i Avcbvi ev R Ui Dchy³ 241

243 câg w` bi g~j vqb (wd cpvu A_ev n vûavdu) AvR K Avcwb mvivw ` b h KvR wj Z AskMÖnY K i Qb m wji cö Z KwUi cöwz Avcbvi mvgwmök mš wó Kgb wqj Zv wb Ï k Kiæb Ges GB KvR wj DbœZ Kivi wel q Avcbvi Kvb aviyv _vk j Zv w`b ch v jvpbv Kivi Abykxjbx: mw½ Zi Zv j Zv j Pqvi e`j Lye অস wkqzuv অস wbi cÿ wkqzuv স Lye mš ó GB KvR DbœZ Kivi Rb civgk : KvR 13: Avgv `i DBC KvVv gv Ask 2: wba vikmg~n Ges Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj K wpwýz Kiv Lye অস wkqzuv অস wbi cÿ wkqzuv স Lye mš ó GB KvR DbœZ Kivi Rb civgk : KvR 1৪ : cök íi Kvh µg wbe vpb Kiv Lye অস wkqzuv অস wbi cÿ wkqzuv স Lye mš ó GB KvR DbœZ Kivi Rb civgk : KvR 15 : wba vi Ki mv _ evz v wj wgjv bv Lye অস wkqzuv অস wbi cÿ wkqzuv স Lye mš ó

244 GB KvR DbœZ Kivi Rb civgk : KvR 16 : AvPiY cwiez b KŠkj gwbuwis Kiv Lye অস wkqzuv অস wbi cÿ wkqzuv স Lye mš ó GB KvR DbœZ Kivi Rb civgk : KvR 17 : Avgv `i DBC KvVv gv Ask 3: Kvh µg wj cwikíbv Kiv (m~pk wj Ges evz v wj) Lye অস wkqzuv অস wbi cÿ wkqzuv স Lye mš ó GB KvR DbœZ Kivi Rb civgk : AvR Ki me P q mvnvh c~y welqwu wk: h welqwu wb q Avwg GLbI wøavwš^z: 243

245 Kg kvjvi lô w`b 244

246 KvR 18: PzovšÍ wdw&e vk wj Avgv `i DBC ক ঠ ম র mv _ GKwÎKiY Kiv AR bwfwëk D Ïk vejx GB Kv Ri k l, AskMÖnYKvixiv: mgq 1 N Uv উপকরণসম Zv `i AvPiY cwiez bi bkkv ˆZixi (DBC) KvVv gvi mg Í Z_ wj PzovšÍ Ki eb Zv `i mncvwv `i DBC KvVv gv wj ch v jvpbv Ki eb DBC KvVv gv wji Dci MVbg~jK wdw&e vk w` eb Ab vb cö Z KwU ` ji DBC KvVv gv Av ivi DbœZ Kivi Rb GKwU MvBW e envi K i civgk w` eb cö Z KwU ` ji AvswkKfv e m úv`b Kiv DBC KvVv gv KvR-13 wd cpvu -1: wkfv e MVbg~jK wdw&e vk w` Z nq KvR-13 n vûavdu-2: MVbg~jK wdw&e vk `Iqvi Rb ch v jvpbvi cökœmg~n MVbg~jK wdw&e vk `Iqvi Rb KvMR I gvk vi ধ পসম : ১. স চন 1K. AskMÖnYKvix `i K Zv `i DBC KvVv gvi ` j em Z ejyb 1L. GB mk bi D Ïk Ges wbwï ó jÿ wj m ú K ejyb 2. DBC KvVv gvwu PzovšÍ Kiv 2K. Av ivi DbœZ Kivi Rb KvR 17 Z Zviv h mg Í civgk wj c q Qb m wji wfwë Z AskMÖnYKvix `i Zv `i DBC KvVv gv wj K PzovšÍ Ki Zejyb 2L. AskMÖnYKvix `i ejyb, Zviv 15 wgwb Ui gz mgq cv eb Zv `i KvVv gv wj m ú~y K i `Iqv j UvwO q `Iqvi Rb 245

247 3. wdw&e vk `Iqv 3K. KvR-13 wd cpvu -1: wkfv e MVbg~jK wdw&e vk w` Z nq GwU AskMÖnYKvix `i `Lvb Ges KvR-13 n vûavdu-2: MVbg~jK wdw&e vk `Iqvi Rb ch v jvpbvi cökœmg~n GwU Avevi co Z ejyb Kvb cökœ _vk j DËi w`b Rvi w` q ejyb, wdw&e vk `Iqvi mgq AskMÖnYKvix `i Zv `i evk ïiæ Ki Z n e Ô Kgb nq...?õ ev Ô Kgb nz hw`...?õ GB evk vsk wj w` q hv Z K i BwZevPK w`k wji Dci Av jvkcvz Kiv hvq Ges Acª qvrbxq `xn e vl v wj Gwo q hviqv hvq 3L. AskMÖnYKvix `i ci ú ii DBC KvVv gv wj K ch v jvpbv Ki Z ejyb Ges wd cpv U ev KvVv gvwui cv k h KvMR Av Q mb KvMRwU Z MVbg~jK wdw&e vk wj wjl Z ejyb Zv `i K 20 wgwbu mgq w`b Ny i Ny i `Lvi Rb (M vjvwi IqvK Kivi Rb ) mnvqk/mnvwqkv `ii Ny i Ny i `L Z n e Ges KvR-13 n vûavdu-2 G h welq wj D jøl Kiv Av Q mb wji wel q bvu Ki Z n e hgb, fvjfv e msávwqz AMÖvwaKvi `j wj, m ú~y fv e mávwqz AvPiY wj, A-mvaviY ÔKvh µ gi ms hvm vck wjõ Ges úófv e wg j hviqv Kvh µg wj 3M. Ny i Ny i `Lvi ci, wk wk Lyu R cviqv Mj m wji Dci GKwU Av jvpbv cwipvjbv Kiæb KvVv gv wj KZUv kw³kvjx n q Q m wel q AskMÖnYKvix `i mvwe K ch eÿy wk Ges Av ivi DbœZ Kivi Rb Kvb civgk Av Q wkbv BZ vw` Av jvpbvi g a wb q Avmyb 246

248 KvR 19: cökí KŠkj ev Ívevqb cwikíbv ˆZix Kiv (Hw QK) AR bwfwëk D Ïk vejx GB Kv Ri k l AskMÖnYKvixiv: AvPiY cwiez b (BC) KŠk ji GKwU bgybv ch v jvpbv Ki eb KZK wj AvPiY cwiez bi bk&kv Zixi (DBC) KvVv gv wj K wkfv e GKwU ms hvmkxj mvwe K cökí KŠk ji g a vbvšíi Kiv hvq m wel q Av jvpbv Ki eb সময় ১ ঘ উপকরণসম KvR-19 n vûavdu-1: AvPiY cwiez b KŠkj ev Íevqb cwikíbvi GKwU bgybv avcmg~n 1. m~pbv 1K. AskMÖnYKvix `i ejyb: Avcbviv wkfv e KvVv gv wj GKwU mvwe K cökí KŠk ji g a wb q KvR Ki eb? GB DBC KvVv gv wj K Av ivi m ú~ Y GKwU cökí KŠk j cwiyz Ki Z n j Avcbvi Av ivi wk wk evowz Z_ hvm Ki Z n e? GB Z_ wj Avcwb wkfv e c Z cv ib? 2. BC KŠk ji GKwU D`vniY 2K. AskMÖnYKvix `i ejyb, Avgiv GLb GKwU D`vniY `Le KvR-19 n vûavdu-1: AvPiY cwiez b KŠkj ev Íevqb cwikíbvi GKwU bgybv GwU AskMÖnY Kvix `i gv S weziy Kiæb 2L. AskMÖnY Kvix `i ejyb: KŠk ji KvMRc Î wk wk evowz Z_ AšÍf~ ³ Av Q? Avcwb wk g b, K ib cªkí `j GB Z_ wj Kv_v _ K Lyu R c q Qb? Avcbvi wk g b nq, evowz Avi wk wk Z_ Zv `i GLbI hvm Kivi cª qvrb Av Q? Z_ wj Zviv Kv_v _ K cv eb? 247

249 2M. Dcmsnvi Uvbyb GB e j: KŠkj nj GKwU Dcvq ev iv Ív hv KZK wj welq wj K we epbv K i hgb: Rb Mvwôi aiy hv `i mv _ Avcwb KvR Ki eb, Kvh µ gi GKwÎKiY Ges Kvh µg wji g a mgš^q D`vniY ^iæc, cwievi cwikíbv c wz e envi Kivi cvk cöwzwµqv wb q h fq Av Q Zv `~i Kivi Rb hw` KwgDwbwU bvu kvjv K e envi Kiv nq, Zvn j GUv K Ab vb evz v wj K Rvi`vi Kivi Rb I e envi Kiv h Z cv i hgb- cywó Ges bvix AwaKvi KZK wj Kvh µg GK Î mskjb Kivi gva g GKwU KŠkj MwVZ nq Ges Gi cöwzwu Kvh µg K bk&kv Kiv nq GKwU evav K `~i Kivi Rb ev GKwU DÏxcK/mwµqK K Av ivi kw³kvjx Kivi Rb (evav wj K Kgv bv I DcKvi wj K evov bv) GwU K ïaygvî M elbvi gva g wba viy Kiv hvq GKevi hlb Avgiv Gi mv _ Z_ wj hvm Kwi hgb - Kviv `vwq Z Av Qb, mgqmxgv, m ú`, gwbuwis I g~j vqb (M&E) Gi c wz I m~pkmg~n BZ vw`, ZLb Avgiv Avgv `i KŠkj K GKwU ev Íevq bi cwikíbvq iæcvšíi Kwi 248

250 KvR-19 n vûavdu-1 AvPiY cwiez b KŠkj ev Íevqb cwikíbvi GKwU bgybv AvPiY: Qqgvm eqm ch ší wkï K ïaygvî ey Ki `ya LvIqv bv (EBF) AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv Zix: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v Ges cywói Rb AvPiY AMÖvwaKvi `j Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj (wba vik wj mn) gwnjviv wkïi cö_g Qqgvm eqm ch ší wkï hzevi `yacvb Ki Z Pvq ZZevi ïaygvî ey Ki `ya cvb Kivq eqi eqmx gwnjviv we klfv e Mf ezx gwnjviv Ges hme gwnjv `i 6 gv mi Kg eqmx wkï Av Q: ïaygvî ১৬-২০ বছর বয়স hyezxiv wjl& Z I co Z Rv bb Ges A b KB GLbI evev gv qi mv v Kb eq iv AwkwÿZ ekxifvm jvkb K lk Ges e emvqx Zviv mvwnwj fvlvq K_v e j A b KB ^v K `ª _ K `y i Aew Z Kvb cöz ší mgvr wj Z evm K i hyezx `i GKUv ev `ybuv mšívb Av Q Ges eq `i cvupwu ev AvUwU mšívb Av Q Zv `i A_ bwzk Ae v wb œgv bi gv q `i g a GB PZbv I Dcjw e w Kiv h WvBwiqv I Ab vb ivm cöwz iv a EBF AZ ší Kvh Ki Ges GUv wkïi ^v Ki e w I DbœwZ wbwðz K i (c` ÿc MÖn Yi Dcj ^ÿgzv) Kvh µgmg~n (ev ÍevqbKvixMYmn) ১. BwZevPK dj jvf K i Qb h gv qiv Zviv Zv `i ^v evb mšívb `i Ôm vebvgq gv q `i K veõg wb q Avm e Zviv EBF, Gi P v jä wj Ges wkfv e Zviv G wj KvwU q DV Z cv i G wj wb q Av jvpbv Ki e Zviv we klfv e Rvi w` eb WvBwiqv, Zxeª k vmh š i msµgy I Ab vb ivm cöwz iv a EBF Gi Kvh KvwiZv, wkïi cö_g ivm cöwz ivak wnmv e kvj`y ai Kvh KvwiZv, c~y cywó wnmv e ey Ki `y ai Kvh KvwiZv Ges ^v Ki e w I eyw i wekv k EBF Gi f~wgkv BZ vw` wel q wkfv e `ya ei Ki Z nq mb wel q Zviv gv q `i cöwkÿy `vb Ki e gwbuwis Ges g~j vqb (M&E)m~PK wj byzb cöwzwôz K v ei msl v cöwz GjvKvq wzb gvm AšÍi AšÍi KvR cwi`k b (ল : 4wU bzzb K ve /GjvKvi KvR cwi`k b/ বছর= ২৭ x ৪ =১০৮/বছর) cöwz K v ei m`m msl v (লÿ : ৮৬ ব ৮-১০ সদ mn/বছর) cö Z K gv m msnwuz K ve wgwus qi msl v hlv b EBF m ú wkz welq wj wb q Av jvpbv Kiv n q Q Ges gwnjv `i wbwï ó wkqz evz v `Iqv n q Q Ab `i Kv Q cš Q `Iqvi Rb Ges ev Íevqb Kivi Rb (jÿ : 54 K ve wj / eqi) সময়ক ঠ ম Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 X X X X `ÿzv / Ávb /m ú` A_ev h cöwkÿ bi `ikvi Av Q m ú` DcKiY wj: World Vision /Haiti Curriculum gv q `i K v ei Rb ( Dr. Lesly Michaud). K ve wji Rb Food for the Hungry leader Mother s list for tips, list of topics/ ice breakers, and needs assessment. (ধ প) K ve wji mgš^qkvix wnmv e KvR Kivi Rb `j bzv wnmv e gwnjv `i wbe vpb Kiæb 249

251 AvPiY AMÖvwaKvi `j Kvh µ gi ms hvm vck wj (wba vik wj mn) cöfvek `j wj: ^vgxiv / m½xiv kvïox / gv qiv gwnjv `i GB wpšív PZbv e w Kiv h cö Z KB EBF Gi e vcv i GKgZ Ges GUv K mg_ b K i (Dcj mvgvwrk ixwzbxwz) Kvh µgmg~n (ev ÍevqbKvixMY mn) 2.EBF cwikíbvi ev bk&kvi g~j welq wj ev Íevqb Kivi Rb bvu kvjv e envi Kiv: mevb mb gv qi mv _ GKgZ h gv EBF PP v Ki Z Pvq, Gi myweav wj wb Z Pvq, P v jä wj KvwU q DV Z Pvq Ges h gv qiv Qqgvm ch ší ïaygvî ey Ki `ya cvb Kivq Zv `i mvnvh Ki Z Pvq gwbuwis Ges g~j vqb (M&E)m~PK wj bvu vbyôv bi msl v h wji k l cökœ I DËi c e EBF Gi g~j evz v wj Av jvpbv Kiv n q Q (jÿ : 2 wu bvu vbyôvb, cöwz wzb gvm AšÍi AšÍi, cöwz `j, cöwz eqi) সময়ক ঠ ম Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 X X X `ÿzv / Ávb / m ú` A_ev h cöwkÿ bi `ikvi Av Q Kvh µg -1 `Lyb gwnjv `i GB wpšív PZbv K kw³kvjx Kiv h fvjgz LvIqv-`vIqv Kivi gva g Zviv EBF PP v Kivi Rb h _ó cwigv Y ey K `ya c Z cv i (Dcj ^-ÿgzv) 3.gvwmK i vjx wj Z AvÂwjK mycvifvbrvi Ggb GKRb gv K cwipq Kwi q w` eb whwb Qq gvm ch ší ïaygvî ey Ki `ya cvb Kwi q BwZevPK dj jvf K i Qb; wzwb Zvi AwfÁZvi K_v ej eb wkfv e Mf Kvjxb mg q Ges ey Ki `ya cvb Kiv bvi mg q cywóki Lvevi MÖnY e w Kiv hvq Ges Gi djvdj wj wk wk i vjxi msl v hlv b ey Ki `ya cvb Kiv bvi d j BwZevPK dj jvfkvix gv q `i Øviv EBF Gi g~j evz v wj cöpvi Kiv n q Q (6wU i vjx / eqi/ vb) X X X X cö qvrbxq m ú`: cök íi EBF Gi g~j evz v wji Dci Qwemn ey bvi GK c ôvi n vûavdu (Kvh µg wj `Lyb) 250

252 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v I cywô Gi Rb KvR 20: mgvcbx Awa ekb I mgvwß AR bwfwëk D Ïk vejx: Kv Ri k l AskMÖnYKvixiv: mgq Zv `i cöz vkv wji wecix Z AR b wj hvpvb Ki eb wbwï ó wkqz g~j `ÿzvi ÿî wj Z Zviv KZUv ^v Q ` eva Ki Qb Zv g~jv vqb Ki eb ` ji mvwe K Kg dv U Pv U i djvd ji wfwë Z GKwU wm v ší DcbxZ n eb GB Kg kvjvi g~j ev DcKvwiZv KZUzKz Zvi mswÿß Ges cwi vi ey bv Zv `i wb R `i Kv Q Ges Zv `i ms v wji Kv Q w` eb Zviv hv wkl jb Zv cö qvm Kivi Rb wk wk ciez x c` ÿc Zviv MÖnY Ki eb m wj wpwýz Ki eb GB Kg kvjvq Zv `i AskMÖn Yi ^xk wz jvf Ki eb 1 N Uv 15 wgwbu DcKiYmg~n Kg kvjvi c~e -/ciez x cixÿv (KvR-1 _ K) Kg kvjv -ciezx cöwµqv Rwic Kg kvjv wd cpvu -1: Kg dvu Uwej (KvR-1 _ K) cö Z K AskMÖnYKvix `i Rb QqwU i Oi we `y (hw` m e nq, cö_g w` b h is wj e envi Kiv n q Q m wj _ K wfbœ is e envi Kiæb) Kg kvjv m úbœ Kivi mb`cî hvmv hv Mi Z _ i ZvwjKv (hw` _v K) KvR-20 n vûavdu-1: DBC m ú`mg~n avcmg~n 1. Kg kvjv ch v jvpbv 1K. GB Kv Ri D Ïk mg~n e vl v K i ejyb Kg kvjvi c~e -/ciez x cixÿv (KvR-1 G Av Q), Kg kvjv -ciezx cöwµqv Rwic Ges iwob we `y wj weziy Kiæb mg Í n vûavdu wj ch v jvpbv Kiæb Ges Kvb cökœ _vk j DËi w`b e vl v K i ejyb, c~e /ciezx cixÿvi KvM Ri Dci bvg wjl Z n e (ev Kvb Dchy³ KvW e envi Ki Z n e) hv Z K i Avgiv cö Z K AskMÖnYKvixi b ^ i wk cwiez b nj Zv cwigvc Ki Z cvwi 251

253 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v I cywô Gi Rb 1L. AskMÖnYKvix `i ejyb, n vûavdu wj ch v jvpbv Kiv kl n j ci Zv `i K iwob we `y wj wb Z n e Ges Kg kvjv wd cpvu -1: Kg dvu Uwej Gi Dchy³ v b m wj ewm q w` Z n e 2. Kg kvjvi djvdj wj Ges fwel Z cwikíbv wj kqvi Kiv 2K. AskMÖnYKvix `i wr Ám Kiæb AvPiY cwiez bi bk&kv Zixi (DBC) KvVv gvwu K Kv R jvmv bvi Rb Zv `i fwel Z cwikíbv wj wk wk AskMÖnYKvix `i wr Ám Kiæb: Avcwb hlb Avcbvi wb Ri cök íi wel q fv eb Ges mv _ Kgx `i, mg qi Ges m ú` wji mxgve Zvi wel q fv eb, ZLb Avcwb wk `L Z cvb, KLb Avcwb Ges Avcbvi mnkg xiv GB KvVv gvwu e envi Ki Z cv ib? AskMªnYKvix `i DrmvwnZ Kiæb Zviv hb ïa~ ÔmvaviY cwikíbv PjvKvjxb mg qõ bv e j wbwï ó mg qi wel q e jb ( hgb, cö Ívebv Zix, ebmjvbb Rwic, we ÍvwiZ ev Íevqb cwikíbv ˆZix BZ vw`) 2L. AskMÖnYKvixiv hlb Zv `i cwikíbv wj kqvi Ki eb ZLb GKRb mnvqk/mnvwqkv ev GKRb ^ Qv mek/ mwekv ciez x-cixÿvi djvdj wj ei Ki Z cv ib Ges AskMÖnYKvix `i Av jvpbv kl n j ci m wj kqvi Ki Z cv ib bvu: mnvqk/mnvwqkviv c~e -cixÿv Ges ciezx -cixÿvi djvdj wj cvkvcvwkfv e UvwO q w` Z cv ib hv Z K i AskMÖnYKvixiv Zv `i b ^i wj Zzjbv K i `L Z cv ib 2M. AskMÖnYKvix `i ejyb GB Kg kvjvi mv _ m ú K i L wzbwu c` ÿc (Kg cwikíbv) wjl Z ejyb hv Zviv ciez x `yb gv mi g a ev Íevqb Ki eb 2N. AskMÖnYKvix `i ejyb: ` ji g a K Ab K civgk `Iqvi Rb civgk `vzv wnmv e KvR Ki Z B QzK? K GKRb civgk `vzv c Z AvMªnx? AskMÖnYKvix `i nvz DVv Z ejyb, Zv `i K Rvovq Rvovq fvm n Z ejyb Ges ci ú ii bvg Ges hvmv hv Mi Z_ wj wj L wb Z ejyb 2O. Kg kvjv wd cpvu -1: Kg dvu Uwej GwUi cv k AskMÖnYKvix `i `vuov Z ejyb Ges Zv `i K Avgš Y Rvbvb Kg kvjv-c~e Ges Kg kvjv-ciez x ^v Q ` ev ai ch v qi g a h cv_ K Av Q muvi Dci gzvgz w` Z ejyb AskMÖnYKvix `i cökœ Kiæb: eo Kvb Avð h i welq Av Q wkbv? Kvb nzvkvi welq Av Q wkbv? _vk j Kb? 3. g~j cwifvlvmg~n bvu: g~j cwifvlvmg~n hv cwiwkó-2 G Av Q GwU AskMÖnYKvix `i Kv Q Kg kvjvi Av MB cvvv Z n e A_ev Kg kvjvi cö_g w`b iwr óªk bi mgq weziy Ki Z n e 252

254 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v I cywô Gi Rb 3K. AskMÖnYKvix `i g b Kwi q w`b wkfv e Zviv GB g~j cwifvlvmg~ ni ZvwjKv I Gi Dc hvwmzv wj K Kv R jvmv eb hlb Zviv Zv `i cökí wj Z wd i hv eb 3L. h msáv wji ZvwjKv `Iqv n q Q m wj GKwU AvPiY- Kw `ªK KŠkj Zixi, ev Íevq bi, gwbuwis qi Ges g~j vq bi cwi cwÿ Z `Iqv n q Q, hgb - DBCKvVv gvwu e envi K i hwu ˆZix Kiv n q Q 3M. AvPiYMZ ZË Ges cök íi wm v šíi Rb WvUv msmön GB `ybwu köyx Z cwifvlv wj fvm Kiv n q Q, myzivs, GKRb e envikvix Kvb we kl cwifvlv bv Lyu R eis Kvb wbwï ó köbxi cwifvlvi wel q hw` Zvi AvMÖn _v K Zvn j wzwb mb kªbxwu we klfv e Lyu R `L Z cv ib 4. Kg kvjvi mgvcbx 4K. Kg kvjv m úbœ Kivi mb`cî weziy Kiæb Ges AskMÖnYKvix `i Awfb `b Rvbvb KvR-20 n vûavdu-1: DBC m ú`mg~n Gi mv _ hvmv hv Mi Z _ i ZvwjKv Ges Kvb PzovšÍ DciKY _vk j m wj w`b 253

255 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v I cywô Gi Rb Kg kvjv ciez x cöwµqv Rwic 1. bx Pi h Ni wji mv _ Avcbvi gzvg Zi me P q ekx wgj Av Q mb Ni wj Z wuk wpý w`b Kg kvjvi cöwµqv Ges mnvqk/mnvwqkvmy Kg kvjvi D Ïk I jÿ mg~n cwi vifv e cökvk Kiv n q Q Kg kvjvwu mymsmwvz I wpëvkl Kfv e Dc vwcz n q Q Kg kvjvwui welqe Avgvi Kv Ri mv _ m úwk Z mnvqk/mnvwqkv Avgvi welq, cö qvrb Ges wpšívi cöwz ms e`bkxj wq jb ` ji mkj m`m `i K AskMÖnY Kivi Rb DrmvwnZ Kiv n q Q GB Kg kvjvq Avwg byzb `ÿzv AR b K iwq hv Avwg mivmwi Avgvi Kv R cª qvm Ki Z cvie Kg kvjvq h mg Í KvMRcÎ/DcKiY `Iqv n q Q m wji YMZ gv bi wel q Avwg mš ó Lye ekx wøgz wøgz একমত Lye ekx একমত 2. mvwe Kfv e, Kg kvjvwui wel q Avcwb KZUv mš ó? খ স কছ ট স কছ ট অস Lye অস ৩. Kvh Ki AvPiY cwiez b (BC) cökí wji bk&kv, ev Íevqb Ges/A_ev g~j vqb Avcwb h Dcv q K ib m ÿ Î GB Kg kvjv KZUzKz cv_ K m wó Ki e e j Avcwb Avkv K ib? Kvb cv_ K bvb wkqzuv cv_ K e vck cv_ K 254

256 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v I cywô Gi Rb 4. GB Kg kvjv _ K cviqv aviyv wj Ges KŠkj wj Avcwb Avcbvi Kv R KZUv cö qvm Ki Z cvi eb e j Avcwb g b K ib? GK`gB bv wkqzuv m ú~y fv e Rvwbbv 5. GB Kg kvjvi KvbwU Avcbvi me P q ekx fvj j M Q? 6. Avcwb wk GB Kg kvjvwu Avcbvi mnkg x `i Rb mycvwik Ki eb? nü v nü v, wkqz kz mv c ÿ (we klfv e D jøl Kiæb): bv Kb ev Kb bq? hw` Av ivi Kvb gzvgz _v K: 255

257 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v I cywô Gi Rb KvR-20 n vûavdu-1 DBC wi mv m m (m ú`mg~n) Food Security and Nutrition Network News (newsletter):bit.ly/fsnnetworknew Food Security and Nutrition Network Social and Behavior Change (SBC) Task Force Listsrv: info.fsn.network@gmail.com to subscribe Food Security and Nutrition Network website: DBC Curriculum authors o Tom Davis (tom.davis@fh.org) o Mary DeCoster (mdecoster@fh.org) o Bonnie Kittle (bonniekittle@hotmail.com) o Judiann McNulty (judiannmc@yahoo.com) o Linda Morales (Imorales_sd@hotmail.com) CORE Group SBC Working Group technical updates: CORE Group SBC Working Group listserv:sign up on the website above Barrier Analysis manual: Barrier Analysis narrated presentation: Other behavior change narrated presentations: 256

258 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v I cywô Gi Rb cwiwkómg~n 257

259 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v I cywô Gi Rb cwiwkó 1: cwikwíz cwiez b Ljvi cöwµqv bx Pi K_v I wpî wj nj cwikwíz cwiez b Ljvi kxu wji wzbwu m Ui GKwU mgš^q hv - KvR 2: AvPiY cwiez b cwiwpwz: Avgv `i f~wgkv Ges cwikwíz cwiez b cªwµqv Gi Rb : cwiez b AR bi avc wj, cwiez bkvix Ges cwiez bi G R U mu wj mwvk µgvbymv i `Iqv Av Q h µgvbymv i AskMÖnYKvix `i GUv K mvrv Z n e Ljvi cö wz PjvKvjxb mg q, mnvqk/mnvwqkv `i cöwzwu m Ui kxu wj K GKmv _ Ki Z n e hv Z cöwzwu mu Avjv`v K i AskMÖnYKvix `i `Iqv hvq 258

260 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v I cywô Gi Rb mgm vwu wpwýz Kiæb 259

261 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v I cywô Gi Rb Avwg Kvb mgm v `LwQ bv 260

262 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v I cywô Gi Rb আ ম GKwU Kvh µg cwipvjbv Kie hv Z অ শ হYক র iv সম wu wpwýz Ki Z cv ib 261

263 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v I cywô Gi Rb বক wj R b wbb এব আ র I Z i অনস ন কiæb 262

264 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v I cywô Gi Rb ক ন সম _vk Z cv i wkš Avgvi Av ivi ত ও বক wj Rvbv cö qvrb 263

265 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v I cywô Gi Rb Avwg GKwU Kvh µg cwipvjbv Kie hv Z AskMÖnYKvixiv mgm vwu mgvav bi Rb wekí wj wpwýz Ki Z cv ib Ges G m ú K Av ivi Z_ c Z cv ib 264

266 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v I cywô Gi Rb byzb `ÿzv AR b Kiæb Ges m ú` I mvnvh -mn hvwmzvi my hvm wj MÖnY Kiæb 265

267 AvPiY cwiez bi Rb bkkv: K wl, cövk wzk m ú` e e vcbv, ^v I cywô Gi Rb আ ম byzb কছ চ কর র জ ত, ক wkqz ব ধ আ Q mvgvwrk mn hvwmzvi Afve m ú `i Afve e _ niqvi fq Ges gyj ev ai we iva/` ` 266